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Part 2
neural control of urinary system
40
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/22/2012

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Cards

Term
The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Definition
Is the amount of filtrate kidneys produce each minute
Term

Reduced blood flow or LOW glomerular blood pressure triggers:

what to dilate/constrict(3)

Definition

1.Dilation of afferent arteriole

2.Dilation of glomerular capillaries 3.Constriction of efferent arterioles*

 

 

*nothing can leave

Term
Rise /HIGH in renal blood pressure triggers (4)
Definition

1.↑P on walls of afferent arterioles 2.Constricts afferent arterioles

3. smooth muscle cells to contract 4.Decreases glomerular blood flow

Term
Hormonal Regulation of the GFR is done by what hormones (6)
seperate these hormone into 2 categories
Definition
•Renin–angiotensin system:
includes:
1.renin
2.angiotensin 2
3.aldosterone
4.anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

•Natriuretic peptides:
5. ANP
6. BNP
Term
if Blood Volume is increased what are 2 effects (in referece to GFR &what is lossed)?
Definition
1. Glomerular filtration will INCREASE & Hormones will also kick in ( further increase GFR) 2.Accelerating fluid loss in urine
Term
if body BP is increased then will happpen to:
what system is working
afferent arterioles
GFR?
Definition
Sympathetic Activated

afferent arterioles will constrict=
DECREASE in GFR
(less filtrate formed)

aka you will stop the process of making urine
Term
autoregualtion def
Definition
causes immediate localized homeostatic adjustments
Term
neural mechanisms def
Definition
respond quickly to changes at specific sites
Term
enodcrine mechanisms fcn
Definition
direct long term changes
Term
If BP is low the LONG term response is done by?
Definition
endocrine response by kidneys
Term

If BP is low kidneys release(5)

 

What are the effects in respect to : BP GFR efferent arterioles thirst

Definition
1.EPO= increased BV 2.renin 3.angiostensin 2 4.ADH 5.aldosterone effects: BP will INCREASE GFR will INCREASE efferent arterioles will constrict(aka less will leave)= more filtrate formed you will be thristy
Term
If BP is low the neural response is done by? what are the effects with respect to afferent arterioles GFR
Definition
sympathetic nervous system 1.Constricts afferent arterioles(less coming IN) 2.Decreases GFR (Slows filtrate production)
Term
If BP is low sympatheic nervous system release
Definition
epinephrine
norepinephrine
Term
Norepinephrine and epinephrine cause
Definition
increased caridac output
vasoconstiction
= increased BP & BV
Term
If the BP and BV is high what will be released?
Definition
natriuretic peptides by heart (ANP) and (BNP)
Term
If ANP & BNP are released what will occur  (5)
Definition

1.increased loss of Na+ in urine

2.increased loss of water in urine

(more fluid loss in urine)

3.increase GFR

 4.reduced thrist

5. BP & BV (low)

Term
EPO is relased by
Definition
kidneys
Term
EPO is stimulated by
Definition
low BP and O2
Term
EPO causes
Definition
increased RBC production
Term
ANP is stimualted by
Definition
excessive diastolic stretching, high BP
Term
excessive diastolic stretching and high BP stimulate
Definition
ANP & BNP
Term
ADH is stimulated by (2)
Definition

1.↓ blood volume

 2.circulating angiotensin II

Term
ADH secretion leads to
Definition

1.↑ reabsorption of water by distal convoluted tubule=

 

2.increased BP & BV

Term
angiostensin 2 responds to
Definition
low glomerular BP
Term
angiotensin 2 leads to the production of
Definition

1.aldosterone

2.ADH 

Term
renin is secreted by
Definition
juxtaglomerular complex in the kidneys
Term
renin is released when (1)
Definition
when the renal BP is low
Term

renin also stimulates the production of what hormone?

 

How is angiotensin II made?

Definition

angiotensiogen to angiostensin I

 

angiostensin I

to

angiotensin II

by ACE

Term
renin causes vaso constiction or dilation
Definition
vasoconstriction to increase BP
Term
If blood pressure is high, what will be inh?
Definition

no: ADH

aldosterone epinephrine/norepinephrine

angiotenison II renin

Term
If there is alot of  Na+ in blood, your BP is?
Definition

high,

 

Na+ is going to be lossed in urine

Term
If EPO is needed, your BP and BV
Definition
both are low
Term
If renin is needed, BP is
Definition
low
Term
Aldosterone needed, BP is
Definition
low
Term
If your are thristy, your BP is
Definition
low
Term
increased ADH, means___ BP
Definition
increased
Term
name all hormones that increase BP
Definition
epinephrine/norepinephrine
ADH
AngiotensinII
EPO
renin
Term
name compounds that lower BP
Definition
ANP & BNP
=natriuretic peptides
Term
name compounds that increase GFR?
what is constricted
Definition
renin
angiotensin 2
ADH
aldosterone

efferent arterioles (things cant leave)
Term
name compounds that decrease GFR?
what is constricted
Definition
epinephrine & norepinephrine

afferent arterioles(things cant come in)
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