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Overview of Anatomy (1/15/13)
Learning the overview of anatomy
83
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
01/15/2013

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Term
What is anatomy?
Definition
the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another
Term
What are several ways to study anatomy?
Definition
gross or macroscopic & microscopic, developmental
Term
What is gross anatomy?
Definition
"RSSM"

Regional – all structures in one part of the body (such as the abdomen or leg)

Systemic – gross anatomy of the body studied by system

Surface – study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin

Microscopic – things you see with a ‘scope.
Term
Levels of Structural Organization
Definition
Chemical – atoms combined to form molecules
Cellular – cells are made of molecules
Tissue – consists of similar types of cells
Organ – made up of different types of tissues
Organ system – consists of different organs that work closely together
Organismal – made up of the organ systems
Term
Anatomical Position
Definition
Body erect, feet slightly apart,
Palms facing forward,
Thumbs point away from body
Term
Directional Terms: Superior & Inferior
Definition
toward and away from the head, respectively
Term
Directional Terms: Anterior & Posterior
Definition
toward the front and back of the body
Term
Directional Terms: Medial, lateral, & intermediate
Definition
toward the midline, away from the midline, and between a more medial and lateral structure
Term
Directional Terms: Proximal and distal
Definition
– closer to and farther from the origin of the body
Term
Superficial and deep
Definition
toward and away from the body surface
Term
Axial
Definition
head, neck, trunk
Term
Appendicular
Definition
appendages or limbs
Term
Nasal
Definition
nose
Term
Oral
Definition
mouth
Term
Acromial
Definition
point of shoulder
Term
Axillary
Definition
armpit
Term
Abdominal
Definition
abdomen
Term
Brachial
Definition
arm
Term
Antecubital
Definition
front elbow
Term
Cervical*
Definition
neck
Term
Antebrachial
Definition
forearm
Term
Pelvic
Definition
pelvis
Term
Carpal
Definition
wrist
Term
Pollex
Definition
thumb
Term
Palmar
Definition
palm
Term
Digital
Definition
fingers & toes
Term
Pubic
Definition
genital region
Term
Patellar
Definition
anterior knee
Term
Crural
Definition
leg
Term
Pedal
Definition
foot
Term
Tarsal
Definition
ankle
Term
frontal
Definition
forehead
Term
Orbital
Definition
eye
Term
Buccal
Definition
cheek
Term
Mental
Definition
chin
Term
Sternal
Definition
breastbone (in between breasts)
Term
Thoracic
Definition
chest
Term
Mammary
Definition
breast
Term
Umbilical
Definition
navel
Term
Coxal
Definition
hip
Term
Inguinal
Definition
groin
Term
Femoral
Definition
thigh
Term
Fibular or peroneal
Definition
side of leg
Term
Hallux
Definition
big toe
Term
Cephalic
Definition
head
contains the occipital and otic
Term
Upper extremity
Definition
contains acromial, vertebral, scapular, brachial, dorsum/dorsal, olecranal, lumbar, sacaral
Term
Manus
Definition
hands
Term
Lower extremity
Definition
gluteal, perineal, femoral, popliteal, sural, calcaneal, plantar
Term
Otic
Definition
ear
Term
Occipital
Definition
back or head or base of skull
Term
Vertebral
Definition
spinal column
Term
Scapular
Definition
shoulder blade
Term
Brachial
Definition
arm
Term
Dorsum/dorsal
Definition
back
Term
Olecranal
Definition
back of elbow
Term
Lumbar
Definition
loin
Term
Sacral
Definition
between hips
Term
Gluteal
Definition
buttock
Term
Perineal
Definition
region between anus and genitalia
Term
Femoral
Definition
thigh
Term
Popliteal
Definition
back of knee
Term
Sural
Definition
calf
Term
Calcaneal
Definition
heel
Term
Plantar
Definition
sole
Term
Dorsal cavity (has two parts)
Definition
protects the nervous system, and is divided into two subdivisions
Term
Cranial cavity (first part of dorsal cavity)
Definition
is within the skull and encases the brain
Term
Vertebral cavity (second part of cranial cavity)
Definition
runs within the vertebral column and encases the spinal cord
Term
Ventral cavity
Definition
houses the internal organs (viscera), and is divided into two subdivisions: thoracic and abdominopelvic
Term
Thoracic cavity
Definition
is subdivided into pleural cavities, the mediastinum, and the pericardial cavity
Term
Pleural cavities
Definition
each houses a lung
Term
Mediastinum
Definition
contains the pericardial cavity, and surrounds the remaining thoracic organs
Term
Pericardial cavity
Definition
encloses the heart
Term
The abdominopelvic cavity (composed of two subdivisions: abdominal & pelvic cavity)
Definition
separated from the superior thoracic cavity by the dome-shaped diaphragm
Term
Abdominal Cavity
Definition
contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver and other organs
Term
Pelvic cavity
Definition
lies within the pelvis & contains the bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum
Term
Parietal serosa (body cavity membrane)
Definition
lines internal body walls
Term
Visceral serosa (body cavity membrane)
Definition
covers the internal organs
Term
Serous fluid (body cavity membrane)
Definition
separates the serosae
Term
Oral & Disgestive
Definition
mouth and cavities of digestive organs
Term
Nasal
Definition
located within and posterior to the nose
Term
Orbital
Definition
house the yes
Term
Middle ear
Definition
contain bones (ossicles) that transmit sound vibrations
Term
Synovial
Definition
joint cavities
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