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Osteology
N/A
22
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
01/30/2014

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Cards

Term
Functions of Bones
Definition
Support, protection, movement, mineral storage (calcium), hematopoiesis (marrow), triglyceride storage
Term
Number of Named Bones
Definition
206 (not including sesamoid)
Term
Axial Skeleton
Definition
Lie on longitudinal axis (skull, neck, sacrum, vertebrae, ribs)
Term
Appendicular Skeleton
Definition
Bones in limbs, bones that connect limbs to axial skeleton (girdles)
Term
Long Bones
Definition
Longer than they are wide; everything in limbs except carpals, tarsals, and patella)
Term
Short Bones
Definition
Cube-shaped (tarsals, carpals)
Term
Flat Bones
Definition
Thin, flat, dense shields (skull, sternum)
Term
Irregular Bones
Definition
Don't fall into any other category (vertebrae, pelvic bones)
Term
Sesamoid Bones
Definition
Specialized type of short bone; form within tendons to help alter the pull of muscle (patella)
Term
Compact Bone
Definition
Dense, protective outer portion of bones
Term
Spongy Bone
Definition
Full of trabeculae (spicules), make bones light enough to move
Term
Trabeculae
Definition
Spicules in spongy bone that are laid down along stress lines
Term
Long Bone Structures
Definition
Diaphysis, epiphyses, epiphyseal plate/line, membranes, articular cartilage
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
Shaft of long bone, contains medullary cavity
Term
Red Marrow
Definition
Most abundant in children, actively dividing and producing blood cells
Term
Yellow Marrow
Definition
Most abundant in adults, contains fat and produced blood cells in emergency
Term
Epiphyses
Definition
Two ends of long bones, mostly spongy bone and red marrow
Term
Epiphyseal Plate
Definition
Growth plate, made of hyaline cartilage, replaced with bone to become Epiphyseal Line in adults
Term
Periosteum
Definition
Membrane surrounding outside of bone, contains bone building cells, contains Shirpley's fibers
Term
Endosteum
Definition
Membrane around the epiphyses and bone marrow
Term
Articular Cartilage
Definition
Creates smooth movement, hyaline cartilage
Term
Shirpley's fibers
Definition
Connect periosteum to compact bone
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