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Osseous Tissue and Bone Structures
Flashcards for Chapter 6
25
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/17/2012

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Term
One function of bone is to produce red and white blood cells. These cells are made in what substance
Definition
red marrow
Term
Bones forming the roof of the skull and the scapula are referred to as__________.
Definition
flat bones
Term
Mature bone cells found in lacunae are called ____________.
Definition
osteocytes
Term
Giant multinucleated cells involved in the process of osteolysis are ___________.
Definition
Osteoclasts
Term
Unlike compact bone, spongy bone, or cancellous bone, resembles a network of bony struts separated by spaced that are normally filled with ___________.
Definition
Bone marrow
Term
Spongy bone is found primarily at which part of long bones?
Definition
expanded ends, where they articulate with other skeletal elements.
Term
During intramembranous ossification, the developing bone grows outward from the ossification center in small struts called ______________.
Definition
spicules
Term
When osteoblasts begin to differentiate with a mesenchymal of fibrous connective tissue, the process is called _____________.
Definition
intramembranous ossification
Term
The process during which bones begin developement as cartilage models and the cartilage is later replaced by bone is called _________________.
Definition
endochondral ossification
Term
The region known as the epiphyseal plate is the area where ____________.
Definition
Cartilage is being replaced by bone
Term
The bony skeleton begins to form about ________ after fertilization and usually does not stop growing until about age ____________ years.
Definition
6 weeks;25years
Term
The process of replacing other tissues with bone is called ___________________.
Definition
ossification
Term
which bone disorder is characterized by the formation of bone in wrong places after minor injury?
Definition
fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
Term
What is the condition that produces a reduction in bone mass sufficicient to compromise normal function?
Definition
osteoporosis
Term
Growth hormone from the pituitary gland and thyroxine from the thyroid gland maintain normal bone growth activity at the ______________.
Definition
Epiphyseal plates
Term
Pott's fracture is identified primarily by____________________________>
Definition
a break in both lower leg bones at the ankle.
Term
Which anatomical term describes a rounded passageway for blood vessels or nerves?
Definition
foramen
Term
Where is a sesamoid bone most often found?
Definition
near joints at the knee, the hands, and the feet.
Term
Osteolysis is an important process in the regulation of ________________________.
Definition
calcium and phosphate concentrations in body fluids.
Term
A girl born with nonfunctioning ovaries could be expected to have a deficiency in the activity of which type of cell?
Definition
osteoblasts
Term
The thyroid regulates bone growth and maintenance through its production of what hormone?
Definition
thyroxine
Term
when the calcium ion concentration of the blood rises above normal, secretion of the hormone calcitonin______________.
Definition
increases the rate of calcium ion excretion.
Term
The fibers of tendons intermingle with those of the periosteum, attaching ___________.
Definition
skeletal muscles to bones
Term
The type of fracture that occurs in vertebrae subject to extreme stresses is a _____________ fracture.
Definition
compression
Term
which vitamins are specifically required for normal bone growth?
Definition
Vitamins A, C, and D.
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