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Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure
Chapter 6 -
25
Anatomy
Post-Graduate
10/01/2013

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Cards

Term
How many bones are in the adult skeletal system?
Definition
206
Term
80 bones
Definition
Axial Skeleton
Term
126 bones
Definition
Appendicular Skeleton
Term
Flat Bones
Definition
Thin roughly parallel surfaces; cranial bones, sternum
Term
Sutural Bones
Definition
Irregular bones formed between cranial bones
Term
Long Bones
Definition
Relatively long and slender
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
Shaft of long bones
Term
Metaphysis
Definition
A narrow zone that connects the epiphysis to the shaft of the bone
Term
Closed or simple fractures
Definition
Fractures are completely internal
Term
Open or compound fractures
Definition
Fractures project through the skin
Term
Pott fracture
Definition
Occurs at the ankle and affects both bones of the leg
Term
Gigantism
Definition
Overproduction of growth hormones before puberty
Term
Achondroplasia
Definition
Results from abnormal epiphyseal activity; the individual will develop short, stocky limbs.
Term
Marfan Syndrome
Definition
Very tall and have slender limbs due to excessive cartilage formation at the epiphyseal cartilages.
Term
Epiphysis
Definition
An expanded area found at each end of the bone
Term
Medullary cavity
Definition
A space within the hollow shaft which is filled with bone marrow
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
Mature bone cells that cannot divide; Most numerous bone cell type.
Term
Osteoblasts
Definition
Produce new bony matrix - osteogenesis or ossification
Term
Osteoclasts
Definition
Remove and remodel bone matrix; giant cells with 50+ nuclei
Term
Circumferential lamellae
Definition
Outer and inner surfaces of compact bone layer
Term
Interstitial lamellae
Definition
Fill spaces between osteons
Term
Spongy Bone
Definition
Located where bones are not heavily stressed or inmany directions; reduces weight of skeleton
Term
Osteon
Definition
The basic unit of compact bone, consisting of osteocytes
Term
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP)
Definition
Gene mutation that causes bone deposition around skeletal muscles
Term
Acromegaly
Definition
Growth hormone levels rise after epiphyseal plates close; bones get thicker especially in face, jaw and hands
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