Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure
Flashcards: Chapter 6
25
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/13/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Orthopedics

 


 

 

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

The branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles.

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

Achondroplasia

 

 

Definition

 

 

 

 

A disorder of bone growth that causes the most common type of dwarfism.

 

 

Term



Osteosarcoma

 

 

 

Definition

 

 

 

 

A type of cancer that starts in the bones; also called osteogenic sarcoma.

 

Term



Sutural Bones

Definition






Small irregular bones found along the sutures of the cranium, particularly related to the parietal bone.

Term





Osteon

Definition





The basic unit of structure of compact bone, comprising a haversian canal and its concentrically arranged lamellae. Called also haversian system.

Term



Osteocytes

Definition

Mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix
Live in lacunae
Are between layers (lamellae) of matrix
Connect by cytoplasmic extensions through canaliculi in lamellae
Do not divide
Term


Osteoclasts

Definition

Secrete acids and protein-digesting enzymes
Giant, multinucleate cells
Dissolve bone matrix and release stored minerals (osteolysis)
Derived from stem cells that produce macrophages
Term



Red Bone Marrow
Definition

 

 

 

  1. Part of Spongy Bone
  2. Has Blood Vessels
  3. Forms Red Blood Cells
  4. Supplies Nutrients to Osteocytes
Term



Yellow Bone Marrow

Definition

 

 

 

 

  1. Sometimes within Spongy Bone
  2. Stores Fat
Term



Functions of Periosteum
Definition

 

 

 

  1. Isolates bone from surrounding tissue.
  2. Provides a route for circulatory and nervous supply
  3. Participates in bone growth and repair.
Term

 

 

 

 

Ossification

Definition







The developmental process of bone formation.

Term

 

 

 

 

Calcification

Definition






The process of depositing calcium salts which occurs during bone ossification and in other tissues.

Term



Metaphyseal Vessels
Definition

 

 

 

 

Supply the epiphyseal cartilage and is where bone growth occurs.

Term



Periosteal Vessels 
Definition
 
 
 
 
  1. Blood to superficial osteons.
  2. Secondary ossification centers.
Term



Calcitrol

Definition

 

 

  1. Is made in the kidneys
  2. Helps absorb  calcium and phosphorus from the digestive tract.
  3. Synthesis requires Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
Term



Growth Hormone

Definition

 

 

 

  1. Made in Pituitary gland.
  2. Stimulates osteoblast activity and the synthesis of bone matrix.
Term



Trochlea

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

A smooth, grooved articular process

shaped like a pulley.

Term



Meatus

Definition






A passageway through the bone.

Term



Osteopenia

Definition





Inadequate ossification

 

 

Term



Fracture Hematoma

Definition





A large blood clot in a fracture.

Term



Remodeling

Definition





The process of renewing and recycling

of the bone matrix.

Term



Endochondral Ossification

Definition




The process of cartilage gradually

being replaced by bone.

Term



Sesamoid Bones

Definition





Small, flat and sesame seed shaped bone.

Term



Short Bones

Definition





Small and boxy bones.

Term



Fossa

Definition





A shallow depression marking of the bone.

Supporting users have an ad free experience!