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Organization of the Nervous System
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17
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/02/2016

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Term
receptor
Definition
specialized cell, dendrite, or organ that responds to specific stimuli in the extracellular environment and who stimulation alters level of activity in a sensory neuron
Term
effector
Definition
a muscle, gland, or other specialized cell or organ that responds to neural stimulation by altering its activity and producing a specific effect
Term
somatic
Definition
pertaining to control of skeletal muscle activity (____ motor) or sensory information from skeletal muscles, tendons, and joints (_______ sensory)
Term
visceral
Definition
pertaining to control of functions, such as digestion, circulation, etc. (_______ motor) or sensory information from ________ organs (_______ sensory)
Term
action potentials
Definition
sudden, transient changes in membrane potential that are propagated along the surface of an axon or sarcolemma
Term
central nervous system (CNS)
Definition
contains brain and spinal cord; integrative and control centers
Term
dorsal body cavity
Definition
what body cavity is the central nervous system found in?
Term
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Definition
contains the cranial nerves and spinal nerves; communication lines between CNS and rest of body
Term
sensory (afferent) division
motor (efferent) division
Definition
what are the 2 different divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
Term
sensory (afferent) division
Definition
somatic and visceral sensory nerve fibers; conducts impulses from receptors to CNS
Term
motor (efferent) division
Definition
motor nerve fibers; conducts impulses from CNS to effectors (muscles and glands)
Term
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Somatic Nervous system
Definition
what are the 2 systems of the motor (efferent) division of the PNS?
Term
autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Definition
involuntary (visceral motor); conducts impulses from CNS to cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, and glands
Term
somatic nervous system
Definition
voluntary (somatic motor); conducts impulses from CNS to skeletal muscle
Term
sympathetic division
parasympathetic division
Definition
what are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Term
sympathetic division
Definition
mobilizes body systems during emergency situations; fight or flight system
Term
parasympathetic division
Definition
conserves energy; promotes nonemergency functions; rest and digest system
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