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Organization of the Human Body
Terms, anatomical landmarks and body regions
75
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/29/2014

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
the study of structures and their relationship with other body parts; "what it is"
Term
Physiology
Definition
The study of body functions and how body parts work, as well as how they coordinate together; "what it does"
Term
Anatomical Position
Definition
patient stands erect, facing clinician, with eyes facing forward; feet are flat an forward pointing, arms at the side with palms facing forward
Term
Superior
Definition
towards the head, or upper part of a structure
Term
Inferior
Definition
towards the feet, or lower part of a structure
Term
Anterior
Definition
nearer to or at the front of the body; AKA ventral
Term
Posterior
Definition
nearer to or at the back of the body; AKA dorsal
Term
Medial
Definition
nearer to the midline or midsagittal plane
Term
Lateral
Definition
farther from the body midline or midsagittal plane
Term
Intermediate
Definition
between two structures
Term
Proximal
Definition
nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk
Term
Distal
Definition
farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk
Term
Superficial
Definition
toward or on the body surface
Term
Deep
Definition
away from the surface of the body
Term
Supination
Definition
palms face up or facing anterior
Term
Pronation
Definition
palms face down or facing posterior
Term
Inversion
Definition
soles pointing in or medially
Term
Eversion
Definition
soles pointing out or laterally
Term
Dorsiflexion
Definition
pointing the foot with toes up and toward the body
Term
Plantar Flexion
Definition
pointing the foot down and away from the body
Term
Cranial
Definition
toward the head or superior end of the body
Term
Caudal
Definition
toward the tail or inferior end of the trunk (cauda equina)
Term
Ipsilateral
Definition
situated on or pertaining to the same side of the body
Term
Contralateral
Definition
situated on or pertaining to the opposite side
Term
Antecubital
Definition
situated in front of elbow
Term
Axillary
Definition
small pyramidal space between the upper lateral chest and arm
Term
Brachial
Definition
pertaining to the arm (from shoulder to elbow)
Term
Buccal
Definition
the cheek
Term
Calcaneal
Definition
the heel bone
Term
Carpal
Definition
the wrist
Term
Cervical
Definition
pertaining to the neck, or the neck of an organ or structure
Term
Digital
Definition
finger manipulation or imprint
Term
Femoral
Definition
the thigh
Term
Glabella
Definition
smooth area on the frontal bone, between the eyebrows
Term
Gluteal
Definition
the buttocks
Term
Inguinal
Definition
the juncture between the abdomen and thigh (groin)
Term
Lumbar
Definition
the part of the back between the thorax and pelvis (loins)
Term
Occipital
Definition
the posterior inferior portion of the cranium
Term
Orbital
Definition
bony cavity that contains the eyeball
Term
Patellar
Definition
the sesamoid bone situated at the front of the knee
Term
Plantar
Definition
the sole of the foot
Term
Popliteal
Definition
the posterior surface of the knee
Term
Pubic
Definition
anterior inferior portion of the hip bone
Term
Scapular
Definition
the flat triangular bone in the back of the shoulder (blade)
Term
Tarsal
Definition
the ankle bones
Term
Thoracic
Definition
pertaining to the chest or spinal region
Term
Vertebral
Definition
pertaining to the 24 bones of the spinal column
Term
Sagittal Plane
Definition
a vertical plane that divides the body or an organ into right and left sides
Term
Midsagittal Plane
Definition
when the right and left sides are equal in size and runs through the midline of the body or organ
Term
Parasagittal Plane
Definition
when the body or organ is divided into unequal right and left sides
Term
Frontal Plane
Definition
divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior portions; AKA coronal
Term
Transverse Plane
Definition
divides the body into superior and inferior portions
Term
Oblique Plane
Definition
passes through the body or an organ at a diagonal angle
Term
Dorsal Cavity
Definition
located in the posterior portion of the body; subdivides into the cranial and vertebral cavities
Term
Ventral Cavity
Definition
located in the anterior portion of the body; subdivided by the diaphragm into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Term
Epigastric
Definition
upper middle region
Term
Right Hypochondriac
Definition
upper right region
Term
Left Hypochondriac
Definition
upper left region
Term
Umbilical
Definition
center of abdomen; area surrounding umbilicus
Term
Right Lumbar
Definition
central right region
Term
Left Lumbar
Definition
central left region
Term
Hypogastric
Definition
lower middle region
Term
Right Iliac
Definition
lower right region
Term
Left Iliac
Definition
lower left region
Term
Cardiovascular System
Definition
heart, blood, blood vessels
Term
Respiratory System
Definition
lungs, trachea, pharynx, larynx
Term
Integumentary System
Definition
skin, hair, nails
Term
Muscular System
Definition
skeletal muscles, cardiac and smooth muscle
Term
Endocrine System
Definition
glands, hormones
Term
Digestive System
Definition
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands
Term
Nervous System
Definition
brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs
Term
Reproductive System
Definition
testes, penis, ovaries, uterus, vagina
Term
Urinary System
Definition
kidneys, urinary bladder, ureter, urethra
Term
Skeletal System
Definition
bones, cartilage, joints
Term
Lymphatic/Immune System
Definition
lymph nodes, vessels, spleen, thymus
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