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Organ Systems
Organ systems and their functions
12
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
09/14/2011

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Cards

Term
Integumentary (Epidermal and dermal regions)
Definition
protects deeper organs from injury; excretes salts and urea; aids in the regulation of body temperature; produces vitamin D
Term
Skeletal (Bones, cartilage, tendons and joints)
Definition
provides body support and protection for internal organs; provides levers for muscular action; cavities provide a site for blood and cell formation
Term
Muscular (muscles attached to the skeleton)
Definition
primary function is to contract or shorten; allow for locomotion, grasping, and manipulation of the environment and facial expressions; generates heat
Term
Nervous (brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors)
Definition
allows body to detect change to the internal or external environment and to respond with appropriate muscles and glands; helps to maintain homeostasis via rapid transmission of electrical signals
Term
Endocrine (pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pineal gland; ovaries, testes and pancreas)
Definition
helps maintain body homeostasis; promotes growth and development; produces chemical messengers (hormones) that travel in the blood to exert their effect on target hormones
Term
Cardiovascular (heart, blood vessels and blood)
Definition
transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, and hormones from the tissue cells where exchanges are made; blood is propelled through pumping action of the heart; antibodies and other protein molecules in the blood act to protect the body
Term
Lymphatic/Immunity (lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils)
Definition
picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood; cleanses blood of pathogens; houses lymphocytes that protect the body from antigens
Term
respiratory (nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs)
Definition
keeps blood supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide; contributes to the acid base balance of the blood via its carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
Term
Digestive (oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines)
Definition
breaks down foods so they can be absorbed into blood for delivery to the body cells; undigested residue removed from the body as feces
Term
Urinary (Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra)
Definition
rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes; maintains water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood.
Term
Reproductive; male (testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, and duct system)
Definition
provides germ cells for perpetuation of the species
Term
Reproductive; female (ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, mammary glands, and vagina)
Definition
provides germ cells (eggs) the female uterus houses the developing fetus until birth
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