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Organ Systems of the Body
Structure and functions of the systems of the body
22
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
01/03/2012

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Term
Integumentary System-Structure
Definition
Organ-skin
Appendages-hair,nails,sense receptors, sweat glands, oil glands.
Term
Integumentary System-Function
Definition
Protection-primary
regulation of body temp.,makes chemicals,sense organ.
Term
Skeletal System-Structure
Definition
Organ-206 named bones, some variable bones. Cartilage,ligaments,joints.
Term
Skeletal System-Function
Definition
Supporting framework-primary
protection of brain and organs,movement,storage of minerals,makes blood cells.
Term
Muscular System-Structure
Definition
Organ-muscles
skeletal (voluntary,striated)
smooth (involuntary,nonstriated)
cardiac (involuntary,striated).
Term
Muscular System-Function
Definition
Movement-primary
posture,produce heat.
Term
Nervous System-Structure
Definition
Central Nervous System (CNS)-brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) cranial nerves,spinal nerves,sense organs.
Term
Nervous System-Function
Definition
Communication between parts-primary
integration of functions,control of functions,recognition of sensory stimuli.
Term
Endocrine System-Structure
Definition
Organ-ductless glands that secrete hormones into the blood. Pituitary,Pineal,Hypothalamus,Thyriod, Parathyroid,Thymus,Adrenal,Pancreas, Ovaries,Testes.
Term
Endocrine System-Function
Definition
Communication-primary
integration,control. Long and slow control. Growth,metabolism, reproduction,fluid/electrolyte balance.
Term
Cardiovascular System-Structure
Definition
Heart
Blood vessels
Term
Cardiovascular System-Function
Definition
Transportation-primary
regulation,immunity.
Term
Lymphatic & Immune Systems-Structure
Definition
Lymphatic vessels & nodes,tonsils, thymus,spleen,phagocytes(eating cells),secretory cells, antibodies,complements.
Term
Lymphatic & Immune Systems-Function
Definition
Transportaion,immunity,phagocytosis of bacteria,chemical reactions that provide protection from harmful agents.
Term
Respiratory System-Structure
Definition
Nose,pharynx,larynx,trachea,bronchi,
lungs.
Term
Respiratory System-Function
Definition
Exchange of waste gas-primary
filtration of irritants from air,regulation of acid-base balance.
Term
Digestive System-Structure
Definition
Primary-mouth,pharynx,esophagus,
stomach,small intestine,large intestine,rectum,anal canal.
Accessory-teeth,salivary glands, tongue,liver,gallbladder,pancreas, appendix.
Term
Digestive System-Function
Definition
Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food,absorption of nutrients, elimination of feces, appendix holds bacteria that aid in digestion.
Term
Urinary System-Structure
Definition
Kidneys,ureters,urinary bladder, urethra.
Term
Urinary System-Function
Definition
Clearing/cleaning blood of waste, electrolyte,water,acid-base balance.
Term
Reproductive System-Structure
Definition
Male-gonads/testes,vas deferens, urethra,prostate,penis,scrotum.
Female-gonads/ovaries,uterus,fallopian tubes,vagina,vulva,mammary glands.
Term
Reproductive System-Function
Definition
Survival of genes-primary
production of sex cells,transfer and fertilization of sex cells, development and birth of offspring, production of sex hormones.
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