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Opthalmic and Maxillary Divisions of the Trigeminal N.
Cole 6/15/11 lecture 1.5 hrs
79
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
06/06/2011

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Term
somatic sensory & somatic motor (like a spinal nerve -no autonomics)
Definition
what information does the trigeminal nerve carry?
Term
opthalmic (v1)
maxillary (v2)
mandibular (v3)
Definition
name the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve
Term
sensory
Definition
opthalmic and maxillary nerves carry ONLY this type of innervation
Term
both sensory and motor
Definition
the mandibular nerve carries this type of innervation
Term
sphenoid
Definition
what bone has all the formina for the trigeminal nerve?
Term
sphenoid
Definition
what wing of the sphenoid has the foramen rotundum and foramen ovale?
Term
crack between the lesser and greater wing of the sphenoid
Definition
forms the boundary of the superior orbital fissure
Term
V1) superior orbital fissure
V2) foramen rotundum
V3) foramen ovale (exits skull)
Definition
what holes in the sphnenoid do each of the trigeminal branches travel in (name the nerve and hole)
Term
an impression on the greater wing of the sphenoid (very subtle, hard to see on dried skulls)
Definition
where is the trigeminal ganglion (aka semilunar ganglion)?
Term
forward: maxillary
lat and down: mandibular
Definition
what nerve travels straight forward off the trigeminal ganglia? what travels lateral and downward?
Term
1) dural branch (turns back)
2) nasocilliary nerve -> long ciliary
3) frontal n. -> supraorbital and supratrochlear
4) infratrochlear and ant/post ethmoidal
Definition
list the branches of the opthalmic nerve in order they branch off
Term
dural branch of V1
Definition
supplies sensory innervation to the patch of dura around the trigeminal ganglia
Term
1)frontal n (most medial)
2)lacrimal nerve
3)nasociliary nerve
Definition
before the superior orbital fissure, V1 branches into 3 divisions, name them
Term
supraorbital nerve - cutaneous only becomes suprtrochlear and supraorbital nerves that run with the arteries
Definition
most superior structure in the orbit (goes over top of eye), doesn't innervate anything in the orbit (what does it become)?
Term
supraorbital nerve
Definition
larger and more lateral branch of the frontal nerve, does skin of forehead, scalp
Term
supratrochlear
Definition
smaller more medial branch of frontal nerve
Term
SENSORY to the lacrimal gland, doesn't make the gland work
Definition
what does the lacrimal nerve do?
Term
facial nerve
Definition
what nerve makes the lacrimal gland work?
Term
nasociliary nerve
Definition
this nerve is between the lacrimal nerve and the frontal nerve (middle) and has the most branches of any nerve of the opthalmic nerve
Term
nasociliary nerve
Definition
this nerve follows the course of the opthalmic artery
Term
long ciliary nerves
Definition
2 nerves that give sensory(touch/cold etc) to the eye(sclera) alongside the posterior ciliary arteries
Term
superior (the branches being frontal, nasociliary, and lacrimal)
Definition
how do all 3 of the branches of the opthalmic nerve travel in relation to the optic nerve?
Term
anterior(most important in nsasl cavity) and posterior ethmoidal(more important for sinus sensory innervation, les sensory distribution in the nose than ant.) nerves
Definition
these nerves innervate the mucosa of the nasal cavity after tunneling through bone
Term
dura
Definition
in addition to supplying the nasal cavity with sensory inenrvation, these nerves send a few fibers up through the cribiform plate to supply what?
Term
infratrochlear nerve
Definition
terminal branch of the nasociliary nerve, supplies the bridge and side of nose
Term
V1: Frontonasal prominence
V2: Maxillary prominence
V3: Mandibular prominence
Definition
name the prominences in the embryo that correspond to V1, V2, and V3 innervation
Term
supraorbital
Definition
which has more sensory distribution? supraorbital or supratrochlear?
Term
lacrimal (lateral eyelid)
supraorbital
supratrochlear
infratrochlear (medial eye & bridge of nose)
Definition
name the nerves that supply sensory info to the eyelid
Term
external nasal nerve, it's an extension of anterior ethmoidal nerve
Definition
nerve that supplies sensory to the tip of the nose, name it, where does it come from?
Term
sensory ganglia including dorsal root ganglia and the trigeminal ganglia(can also hold herpes simplex)
Definition
where does herpes zoster hang out when it is in its latency period?
Term
herpes zoster opthalmicus
Definition
herpes infection of the eye
Term
occurence of herpes lesions on the bridge, sides and tip of nose via infratrochlear nerve and external nasal nerve

means the eye might be involved in a herpes outbreak

it can spread to the entire V1 dermatome
Definition
what is the Hutchinson sign? what does it mean?
Term
incisive foramen
Definition
name the paired foramen in the maxillary bone posterior to the incisors
Term
greater palatine foramen
posterior: lesser palatine foramen
Definition
name the foramina in the palatine bone medial to the 2nd permanent molar, name the one just posterior to it, still in the palatine bone
Term
no, just uses it as a passageway
Definition
does V2 innervate anything in the orbit?
Term
lateral ptergoid plate of the sphenoid
Definition
this part of the sphenoid bone forms the posterior medial wall of the infratemporal fossa
Term
maxilla
Definition
forms a deep medial wall to the infratemporal fossa anteriorly
Term
pterygomaxillary fissure
Definition
this fissure is between the maxilla and the pterygoid process
Term
palatine bone
Definition
this bone ends the peterygomaxillary fissure inferiorly
Term
ptergopalatine fossa (inside the pterygomaxillary fissure)
Definition
FOSSA between the pterygoid process and palatine bone is known as the ____
Term
sphenopalatine foramen
Definition
superior part of the pterygopalatine fissure, between the body of the spehnoid bone and vertical process of the palatine bone
Term
nasal cavity
Definition
passing through the sphenopalatine foramen from lateral to medial gets you where?
Term
inferior orbital fissure
Definition
anterior to the spheonpalatine foramen, between the greater wing of the sphenoid and the maxilla
Term
posterior, superior alveolar foramina (alveolus is the tooth socket)
Definition
foramina in the wall of the maxilla just above the molar teeth
Term
maxilla
Definition
forms lateral wall of the nasal cavity, holds upper teeth, and is the anterior 2/3 of the hard palate
Term
palatine bone
Definition
posterior to the maxilla, contributing to the hard palate and lateral wall of the nasal cavity
Term
medial
Definition
pterygoid plate that is part of the boundary of the nasal cavity
Term
sphenopalatine foramen
Definition
at the end of the peterygomaxillary fissure (deepest part)
Term
palatine canal
Definition
if you look through the floor of the sphenopalatine foramen there is a vertical hole containing the descending palatine artery, name the canal
Term
palatine foramina (greater & lesser in the oral cavity)
Definition
branched exit point of the palatine canal ends up where?
Term
dural branch
Definition
branches off V2 before going through the foramen rotundum
Term
ptergopalatine fossa
Definition
name the space V2 enters after it emerges from the foramen rotundum
Term
pterygopalatine fossa, 1st branch infra orbital nerve?
Definition
where does V2 start branching?, name the first branch
Term
infraorbital nerve and zygomatic nerve( more lateral)
Definition
lies in the floor of the orbit but doesn't innervate it
Term
infraorbital groove!
Definition
this groove in the maxilla becomes the infraorbital foramen 1/4 inch below the orbital margin
Term
palpebral branch of the infraorbital nerve
Definition
innervates the lower eyelid
Term
lateral nasal branch
Definition
V2 branch to the side of the nose
Term
labial branches
Definition
inervates sensory to the upper lip
Term
zygomatic nerve
Definition
V2 branch that goes through the orbit and sends of zygomaticotermporal and zygmaticofacial nerves that supply the skin over the cheek
Term
zygomatic nerve
Definition
tunnels through the zygomatic bone then a bunch of foramina to supply cutaneus branches
Term
zygomaticotemporal
Definition
innervates the side of the cheek right behind the orbit
Term
zygomaticofacial
Definition
innervates skin over the cheek bone
Term
pterygopalatine ganglion (in the same named fossa)

V2 just passes through
Definition
parasympathetic ganglion of CN 7 that hangs from branches of V2
Term
greater and lesser palatine nerves
Definition
these nerves pop out the other side of the pterygopalatine ganglia
Term
medial, greater and lesser palatine nerves are also medial(they pass through the ganglia)
Definition
where is the pterygopalatine ganglian on relation to the infraorbital nerve?
Term
greater and lesser palatine nerves
Definition
these nerves travel through the sphenopalatine foramen & palatine canal with the palatine artery
Term
V2
Definition
this nerve does innervation of all the upper teeth
Term
posterior superior alveolar nerves
Definition
branch off infraorbital before it enters the orbit
Term
posterior superior alveolar nerves
Definition
1st, 2nd, 3rd molars are innervated by
Term
middle superior alveolar nerve
Definition
innervates 2 premolars and part of the first molar, branches off inside the maxilla
Term
anterior superior alveolar nerve
Definition
innervates the incisors and canines
Term
superior alveolar plexus
Definition
name the comminications between the nerves in the maxillary sinus
Term
nasopalatine nerve and greater/lesser palatine ns
Definition
once through the sphenopalatine foramen, the maxillary n branches to what?
Term
greater (its also bigger)
Definition
which is more anterior, greater or lesser palatine nerves?
Term
posterior lateral nasal n.
Definition
back 2/3 of nasal cavity lateral wall these nerves branch off the greater/lesser palatine
Term
nasopalatine nerve with SPHENOPALATINE artery
Definition
name the nerve that innervates the posterior nasal septum with sensory info, what artery runs with it?
Term
anterior ethmoidal V1
Definition
does anterior 1/3 of nasal cavity sensory
Term
septal branch of anterior ethmoidal n.
Definition
what innervates the anterior 1/3 of the nasal septum?
Term
nasopalatine nerve
Definition
follows vomer to incisive canal to do skin on the palate behind the incisors
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