Shared Flashcard Set

Details

NPTE: Biomechanics
NPTE exam prep, biomechanics
19
Anatomy
Graduate
08/28/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
4 joints that work together to raise the arm above the head:
Definition
  • Sternoclavicular
  • Acromioclavicular
  • Glenohumeral
  • Scapulothoracic

 

Term

Component movements required for Elevation

  • GH
  • Scapulothoracic
  • clavicular
  • rhythm

 

Definition
  • 120° of elevation possible at GH joint
    • First 30-60° of elevation is all at GH
  • 60° at scapulothoracic
  • clavicle elevates 35-45° during the first 90° of shoulder abduction
  • Scapular upward rotation requires 45-50° clavicular backward rotation
  • Scapular:humeral rhythm 1:2
Term
Shoulder: Concave/Convex; glides and rolls
Definition

Convex humerus moving on concave glenoid; roll and glide in opposite directions

Elevation of humerus:  inferior glide, superior roll

  • At 75% of elevation, external rotation occurs (conjunct rotation) to prevent compression of greater tubercle
Term
Requirements for Full Elevation: (6)
Definition
  1. Scapular stabilization
  2. Inferior glide of humerus
  3. External rotation of humerus
  4. Rotation of clavicle at SC
  5. Scapular abduction and lateral rotation of AC
  6. Straightening of thoracic kyphosis
Term

Elbow: Biomechanics

Three joints of the Elbow

Definition
  1. Humeroulnar joint
  2. Humeroradial Joint
  3. Proximal radioulnar
Term

Humeroulnar Joint:

Concave/Convex; Roll/Glides

Definition
  • Trochlear notch of ulna is concave
  •  Moves on the Trochlea (humerus) which is convex
  • Flexion:  anterior roll and glide
Term

Conjunct Rotations of Ulna:

  • Extension
  • Flexion
Definition
  • Extension: ulna pronates slightly and glides medially
  • Flexion:  Ulna supinates and glides laterally
Term
Explain the screw home mechanism of the elbow:
Definition

Flexion/Extension is accompanied by a screw home mechanism related to the rotations of the ulna:

  • Ulna externally rotates (supinates) during flexion and externally rotates (pronates) during extension
Term
Major Elbow Flexors:
Definition
  1. Brachialis
  2. Biceps Brachii
  3. Brachioradialis
Term
This MM is the major elbow flexor, works in forearm pronation or supination and shoulder flexion or extension
Definition
Brachialis
Term
m that flexes with forearm supination and when lifting >2lbs
Definition
Biceps Brachii
Term
Flexes the elbow, stabilizes supination and pronation during strong resistance
Definition
Brachioradialis
Term
Elbow Extensors
Definition
  • Triceps brachii is major elbow extensor
  • anconeus assists and provides stability for pronation and supination
Term
these mm facilitate elbow extension in closed chain movements
Definition
  • pectoralis major
  • anterior delt
Term
This mm is active for supination with low loads and slow movements
Definition
Supinator
Term
This mm performs supination when elbow is flexed to 90°
Definition
Biceps brachii
Term
Pronators
Definition
  • Pronator Quadratus is active during low loads
  • pronator teres is used for pronation and stabilizing elbow during flexion
  • flexor carpi radialis may also help pronate
Term

Hand/wrist

Radiocarpal: concave/convex, roll/glide

Definition
  • Radius is biconcave relative to convex carpals (scaphoid and lunate)
  • Roll and glide are in opposite directions
  • This joint is primarily responsible for extension
Supporting users have an ad free experience!