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Networking Fundamentals
Transmission Basics and Networking Media
45
Computer Networking
Undergraduate 1
07/20/2010

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Term
Voltage
Definition
The strength of a n electrical signal is directly proportional to its __________.
Term
Wavelength
Definition
The distance between corresponding points on a wave's cycle is called its ________.
Term
Binary
Definition
the use of 1s and 0s to represent information is characteristic of a _______ system.
Term
Bit
Definition
Every pluse in a digital signal is a ____.
Term
1
Definition
A digital signal is composed of a pulse of positive voltage represents a __.
Term
Convert Binary to Decimal
Definition
To convert a byte to a decimal number, determine the value represented by each bit, then add
those values together. If a bit in the byte is 1 (in other words, if it’s “on”), the bit’s numerical
equivalent in the coding scheme is added to the total. If a bit is 0, that position has no value
and nothing is added to the total. For example, the byte 11111111 equals: 1 × 27 + 1 × 26 +
1 × 25 + 1 × 24 + 1 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 1 × 21 + 1 × 20, or 128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1.
Its decimal equivalent, then, is 255. In another example, the byte 00100100 equals: 0 × 27 +
0 × 26 + 1 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 0 × 20, or 0 + 0 + 32 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 0 +
0. Its decimal equivalent, then, is 36.
Term
Overhead
Definition
is a term used by networking professionals to describe the nondata information that must accompany data for a signal to be properly routed and interpreted by the network.
Term
Modulation
Definition
can be used to make a signal conform to a specific pathway.
Term
Half-Duplex
Definition
In _________ transmission, signals may travel in both directions over a medium but in only one direction at a time.
Term
Modulation
Definition
Technology used to modify analog signals to make them suitable for carrying data over a communication path is called ___________.
Term
Full-Duplex
Definition
When signals are free to travel in both directions over a medium simultaneously, the transmission is considered _________.
Term
FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing)
Definition
Is a type of multiplexing that assigns a unique frequency band to each communications subchannel. Signals are modulated with different carrier frequencies, then multiplexed to simultaneously travel over a single channel.
Term
WDM (Wavelength division multiplexing)
Definition
is a technology used with fiber-optic cable, which enables one fiber-optic connection to carry multiple light signals simultaneously.
Term
Point-to-multipoint
Definition
Transmission involves one transmitter and multiple receivers.
Term
Broadcast
Definition
Transmission involves one transmitter and multiple, undefined receivers.
Term
Nonbroadcast
Definition
Transmission issues signals to multiple, defined recipients.
Term
Throughput
Definition
The data transmission characteristic most frequently discussed and analyzed networking professionals is ____________.
Term
Broadband
Definition
In ____________ transmission signals are modulated as radio frequency (RF) analog waves that use different frequency ranges.
Term
Baseband
Definition
Typically in ___________ transmission, digital signals are sent through direct current (DC) pulses applied to the wire.
Term
Baseband
Definition
Ethernet is an example of a ________system found on many LAN's.
Term
Noise
Definition
One of the most common transmission flaws affecting signal is _______.
Term
EMI (electromagnetic interference)
Definition
is a common source of noise.
Term
Crosstalk
Definition
Occurs when a signal traveling on one wire or cable infringes on the signal traveling over an adjacent wire or cable.
Term
Throughput
Definition
The most significant factor in choosing a transmission method is it's __________.
Term
Populated Segment
Definition
Part of a network that contain end nodes is a _____________.
Term
Populated Segment
Definition
Part of a network that contain end nodes is a _____________.
Term
Unpopulated Segment
Definition
Part of the network that does not contain end nodes is an __________.
Term
Maximum Length
Definition
The maximum distance a signal can travel and still be interpreted accurately is equal to a segment's ______________.
Term
Connectors
Definition
Are the pieces of hardware that connect the wire to the network device.
Term
Coaxial cable
Definition
Cable consists of a central metal core (often copper) surrounded by an insulator, a braided metal shielding, called braiding or shield, and an outer cover, called the sheath or jacket.
Term
Twisted pair
Definition
cable consists of color coded pairs of insulated copper wires, each with diameter of 0.4 to 0.8mm (approximately the diameter of a straight pin). Every two wires are twisted around each other to form pairs, and all the pairs are encased in a plastic sheath.
Term
Crosstalk
Definition
The more twists per foot in a pair of wires, the more resistant the pair will be to ________________
Term
UTP (untwisted shielded pair)
Definition
Cabling consists of one or more insulated wire pairs encased in a plastic sheath.
Term
Cat5
Definition
Modern LANs use ____ or higher wiring.
Term
Fiber-Optic
Definition
Cable contains one or several glass or plastic fibers at its center, or core. Surrounding the fibers is a layer o glass or plastic called cladding. Outside the cladding, a plastic buffer protects the cladding and core. Strands of Kevlar covered with a plastic sheath surrounding the plastic buffer.
Term
Single
Definition
Serial refers to a style of data transmission in which the pulses that represent bits follow one another along a _______ line
Term
EIA/TIA RS-232 (recommended standard 232)
Definition
describes a popular serial data transmission method.
Term
DB-25
Definition
The _______ connector is used in RS-232 transmissions.
Term
Rollover
Definition
In a ______ cable, the usual wire positions are exactly reversed in one of the two RJ-45 terminations.
Term
cable plant
Definition
The term ________ describes the hardware that makes up the enterprise-wide cabling system.
Term
TIA/EIA Commercial Building Wiring Standard
Definition
is also known as structured cabling.
Term
Cross-connect facilities
Definition
The points where circuits interconnect with the other circuits is known as ________
Term
Telecommunications Closet
Definition
The term _______________ identifies a room containing connectivity for groups of workstations in its area.
Term
Horizontal Wiring
Definition
Describes wiring that connects workstations to the telecommunications closet.
Term
Installation
Definition
Many network problems can be traced to poor cable _________ techniques.
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