Term
| Effector organs are always ___ and ____ |
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Definition
| glands and muscles (any type) |
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Term
| What are the two components of the central nervous system? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| nerve cell bodies outside of the CNS |
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Term
| What are the four characteristics of neurons? |
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Definition
| conduction, longevity, lack of division, and high metabolic rate |
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|
Term
| How long do neurons typically last? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the six main parts of a neuron? |
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Definition
| dendrites, soma, axon hillock, initial segment of axon, axon, and terminal bouton |
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Term
| What are the STRUCTURAL classifications of neurons? |
|
Definition
| multipolar (most common), bipolar (rare), and unipolar/pseudopolar (somatic sensory neurons) |
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Term
| What are the three functional classifications of neurons? |
|
Definition
| afferent (sensory), efferent (motor), and interneurons (association) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the four types of CNS neuroglia? |
|
Definition
| astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, and oligodendricytes |
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|
Term
| What are the two types of PNS neuroglia? |
|
Definition
| satellite cells and schwann cells |
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|
Term
| What type of cell are ependymal cells? |
|
Definition
| simple cuboidal epithelium (ciliated) |
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|
Term
| Where can you find nerves? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do you find tracts (bundle of axons)? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ cover neuronal soma in the PNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ form myelin sheaths in the PNS |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ is a multilayered lipoprotein structure that wraps pieces of axons |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are Nodes of Ranvier? |
|
Definition
| gaps in the myelin sheath that let Na+ into the cell |
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Term
|
Definition
| the outermost layer of the myelin sheath that is the cytoplasmic layer of the Schwann cell |
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|
Term
| myelinated axons are ___ while unmyelinated axons are _____ |
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Definition
|
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Term
| a ____ acts as a tunnel that connects one end of a damaged axon to the other end |
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Definition
|
|
Term
True or false:
the white matter in the brain is centrally located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or false:
the grey matter in the spinal cord is centrally located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cluster of soma in the PNS |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| cluster of soma in the CNS that perform a specific function |
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|
Term
| What gives white matter its color? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ is a cluster of axons in the PNS |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ is a cluster of axons in the CNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most important component of grey matter? |
|
Definition
| cell bodies of interneurons |
|
|
Term
| What is the cable-like organ of the PNS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ are many parallel axons arranged in bundles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| within each nerve, each axon is covered by ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the three CT components of nerves? |
|
Definition
| Endoneurium, Perineurium, and Epineurium |
|
|
Term
| What are the five components of a reflex? |
|
Definition
| Receptor, Sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, and effector |
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|
Term
| Which of the five components is ALWAYS part of the reflex arc? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of reflexes? |
|
Definition
| monosynaptic and polysynaptic |
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|
Term
| What is the most abundant CNS neuroglia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the defensive cells of the CNS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where can you find ependymal cells? |
|
Definition
| lining CSF-filled cavities |
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|
Term
| What cells have processes that form myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS? |
|
Definition
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