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nervous system
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13
Anatomy
11th Grade
05/15/2011

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Term
what are the parts of the central nervous system
Definition
the brain and spinal cord
Term
what are the parts of the peripheral system
Definition
the parts outside of the CNS. mainly the nerves of the spinal cord and brain
Term
what is a myelin and where does it come from?
Definition
a whitish fatty material that covers the long nerve fibers. it comes from the schwann cells
Term
afferent
Definition
carry impulses from the sensory receptors. cutaneous sense organs which are similar types of sensory receptors seen in the skin
Term
efferent
Definition
carry impulses from the central nervous s ystem
Term
interneurons
Definition
connect sensory and motor neurons. found in neural pathways in central nervous system
Term
what is action potential?
Definition
the echange of ions initiates an action potential in the neuron. if the action potential starts it is propgated over the entire axon potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, which repolarizes the membrane. a depolarized membrane allows sodium to flow inside the membrane
Term
what is a synapse?
Definition
synapse is the junction between enurons. the events are the action potential depolrizes the membrane, opens up calcium channel, neurotransmitter comees out and fuse with membrane. release neutransmitter synapse by a diffusion. bind with protein receptor. neutransmitter is reabosrbed
Term
reflex arc
Definition
direct route from a sensory neuron to an interneuron to an effector. there are 2 types automatic and somatic. changes in the size of pupils are automomic. somatic stimulates skeletal muscles.
Term
what are the parts of the brain stem
Definition

"lower brain"

-medulla oblongata

-pons

-midbrain

functions are homeostasis, coordination of movement and conduction of impulses to higher

Term
what are the four major parts of the brain
Definition
cerebrum, hempispheres, diencephaion, brain stem and cerebellum
Term
what are gyri and sulci
Definition
ridges and grooves which make up the surface of the cerebrum
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