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Nervous System
Page 2
23
Anatomy
11th Grade
10/14/2010

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Term
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Definition
brain and spinal cord
Term
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Definition
nerves arising from brain and spinal cord
Term
Afferent Division
Definition

aka Sensory Division

-incoming sensory pathways

-sense ograns to CNS

-interneuron

Term
Interneuron
Definition
connects afferent and efferent, lies entirely within the CNS
Term
Efferent division
Definition

aka motor divison

-outgoing motor pathways

-CNS to muscles or glands

-somatic nervous system

-autonomic nervous system

Term
Somatic Nervous System
Definition
voluntary; carries info to skeletal muscles
Term
Autonomic Nervous System
Definition

involuntary; carries into to smooth muscles, glands and cardiac muscle

-sympathetic

-parasympathetic

Term
Sympathetic
Definition
prepares body for "flight or fight"
Term
Parasympathetic
Definition

coordinates body's normal resting activities

-ex: digestion

Term
Reflex Arc
Definition

simplest concept of impulse conduction

-receptor

-sensory neuron

-interneuron

-motor neuron

-effector

Term
Nerve Impulses
Definition
wave of electrical fluctuation that travels along a plasma membrane
Term
Membrane Potential
Definition

difference in eletrical charge across plasma membrane of a neuron

 

-polarized

Term
Polarized
Definition
term referring to a neuron that has membrane potential
Term
Resting Membrane Potential
Definition
when a nerve isnt conducting an impulse; -70 mV
Term
Voltage Gated Channels
Definition
open in response to voltage fluctuation; ex: sodium-potassium pump
Term
Action potential
Definition
membrane potential of an active neuron, aka nerve impulse, all-or-none response
Term
Stages/steps of a nerve impulse
Definition

-stimuli causes Na+ to come into cell

-influx causes adjacent gates to open, creating a nerve impulse

-depolarization occurs

Term
Repolarization
Definition
after impulse, membrane moves back to resting membrane potential; must occur before a new impulse is detected
Term
Relative Refractory Period
Definition
milliseconds after impulse, membrane is repolarizing, will only respond to a very strong stimulus
Term
Anesthesia
Definition
work by inhibitng the opening of the sodium channels, thus inhibiting the impulse
Term
__  _______ ions are pumped ____ of the neuron for every __ _______ ions pumped ____ the neuron
Definition

3

sodium

out

2

potassium

into

Term
Salatary Conduction
Definition
type of impulse conduction where impulse "jumps" from Node of Ranvier to Node of Ranvier
Term
The _______ the diameter of a nerve the _______ the impulse
Definition

larger

 

faster

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