Term
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Definition
| Feeling, Thinking, remembering, moving, being aware of the world, and maintain homeostasis |
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Term
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Definition
masses of neurons
structual and functional units of the nervous system
specialized to react to phyzical and chemical changes in their surroundings |
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Term
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Definition
The way neurons transmit information
Electrochemical changes |
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Term
| *Typical Neuron structure |
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Definition
Rounded area called cell body
Two extensions
Dendrites-May be numerous and they recieve electrochemical messages
Axons-usually one and send messages |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| supporting cells (similar to connective tissue in other organs) |
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Term
| Central Nevous System (CNS) |
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Definition
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Term
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
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Definition
| Peripheral nerves (connects CNS to other body parts) |
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Term
| Together these systems provide 3 general functions: |
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Definition
| sensory, integrative, and motor |
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Term
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Definition
found at the ends of the peripher neurons
these gather information by detecting changes inside and outside the body
monitor external environment
light and sound
monitor internal enviornment
temperature and oxygen concentration |
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Term
| the sensory receptors also |
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Definition
convert information inot nerve impluses and sent to CNS
create sensations
add to memory
help produce thoughts
translate sensations in perceptions (integrative)
make consious or subconscious decisions (if we act on those decisions- motor) |
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Term
| the perpipheral neurons also send signals from CNS |
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Definition
to effectors
including muscles that contract
including glads that secrete |
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Term
| Motor functions can be divided into 2 categories |
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Definition
1) Somatic nervous system
-Consciously controlled
-Control skeletal muscle
2) Autonomic nervous system
-Involuntary
-heart
-smooth muscle (blood vessels)
-various glands |
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Term
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Definition
vary in size and shape, but all have common features.
- Cell body, dendrites and axon |
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Term
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Definition
Consists of:
-Cytoplasm
-Cell membrane
-Organelles (mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosome, golgi, and neurofibrils)
-Neurofibrils extend into axon
-Nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
Short
highly branched
mainreceptive surface
communicate with axons from other neurons |
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Term
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Definition
axon hillock (sligh elevation of cell body)
conducts impulses away from cell body
may have extensions near theend
larger axons (of PNS)
*enclosed in schwann cells
*layer composed of melin (liquid protein)
~form myelin around axon
*nodes of ranvier: gaps in myelin sheath between shwann cells
-Myelinated: axons with myelin sheaths
*appear white (white matter of CNS)
-Unmyelinated: lack sheaths
*form gray matter within CNS |
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Term
| When peripher nerves are damaged |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
2 processes
~one is axon, one is dendrite
specialized parts of eyes, nose, and ears |
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Definition
single process
single axon
one branch is associated with peripheral body part
other enters brain or spinal cord |
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Definition
Many processes
only on is axon
most neurons within brain and spinal cord |
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Definition
| Carry informations from peripheral body part to bain or spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
lie entirely within brain or spinal cord
link other neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| carry messages out of brain or spinal cord to effectors |
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