Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Nervous System 4
(Exam 3)
37
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/05/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

How many vertebrae are in the spinal cord? How many are there of each type?

Definition

31 segments:

8 cervical

12 thoracic

5 lumbar

5 sacral

1 coccygeal

Term

 

 

What are the enlargements and plexuses of the spinal cord?

Definition

 

 

cervical enlargement -> brachial plexus

lumbar enlargement -> lumbosacral plexus

Term

 

 

Where does the spinal cord begin?

Definition

 

 

 

 

at the foramen magnum

Term

 

 

Where does the spinal cord terminate?

Definition

 

 

at the conus medullaris (L1/L2)

Term

 

 

What is the organization of gray and white matter in the spinal cord?

Definition

 

 

white matter is on the outside (external) while gray matter is internal

Term

 

 

What are the 3 funiculi of the spinal cord?

Definition

 

1. posterior (dorsal)

2. anterior (ventral)

3. lateral

Term

 

 

What is a funiculus?

Definition

 

 

groups of spinal cord white matter that contain ascending and descending tracts

Term

 

 

Which funiculus is solely concerned with ascending tracts?

Definition

 

 

posterior (dorsal) funiculi

Term

 

 

Wht is the function of the ascending tracts?

Definition

 

 

To convey sensory information from the periphery to the brain

Term

 

 

How many neurons are involved in relaying an impulse in an ascending tract?

Definition

 

 

3

Term

 

 

What happens to the fibers in an ascending tract on their way to the brain?

Definition

 

 

They all become crossed to the contralateral side of the cord; either at the same level or one or two levels up

Term

 

 

What is the function of the descending tracts?

Definition

 

 

to convey impulses from the brain to lower motor neurons

Term

 

 

What are the 2 main groups of descending tracts?

Definition

 

 

1. pyramidal

2. extrapyramidal

Term

 

 

How are non-segmental nerves arranged and when do they form a plexus?

Definition


Non-segmental nerves split and combine with other nerves to form a network of nerves called a plexus. A plexus of nerves is then capable of sending fibers from multiple spinal cord levels to specific areas of the body

Term

 

 

Which part of the spinal nerve contributes to the plexus?

Definition

 

 

the ventral primary rami

Term

 

 

What happens to the dorsal rami of a non-segmental spinal nerve?

Definition


the same thing that happens to the dorsal ramus in typical nerves: it is distributed to the dorsal body wall for sensory and motor innervation

Term

 

 

 

From what vertebral levels do the 3 plexuses arise?

Definition

 

 

brachial plexus: C5-T1

lumbosacral plexus: L1-S4

Term

 

 

 

What is each plexus responsible for innervating?

Definition

 

 

brachial plexus = upper limb

lumbosacral plexus = lower limb

Term

 

 

 

What is meant by the term "typical" spinal nerve?

Definition

 

 

the typical spinal nerve distributes to the periphery without ramifying with any other nerves to form a plexus

Term

 

 

 

What vertebral levels exhibit typical spinal nerves?

Definition

 

 

 

T2-T11 are great examples of typical spinal nerves

Term

 

 

What does a typical spinal nerve supply?

Definition

 

 

a typical body segment; a dermatome with sensory and motor innervation

Term

 

CN I

 

Olfactory nerve

Definition

 

 

special sense of smell

Term

 

CN II

 

Optic nerve

Definition

 

 

Special sense of sight

Term

 

CN III

 

Oculomotor nerve

Definition

 

 

Motor to selected extraocular muscles;

Parasympathetic to ciliary & sphincter pupillae muscles via the ciliary ganglion

Term

 

CN IV

 

Trochlear nerve

Definition

 

 

Motor to superior oblique extraocular muscle

Term

 

CN V

 

Trigeminal nerve

Definition

 

 

Ophthalmic division (V1) – sensory to orbit & forehead

Maxillary division (V2) – sensory to upper jaw & region

Mandibular division (V3) – sensory to lower jaw & region, 

                                           motor to muscles of mastication

Term

 

CN VI

 

Abducens nerve

Definition

 

 

Motor to lateral rectus extraocular muscle

Term

 

CN VII

 

Facial nerve

Definition

Motor to muscles of facial expression;

Carries special sense of taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue;

Parasympathetic to sublingual to submandibular salivary glands via the submandibular region;

Parasympathetic to lacrimal gland via pterygopalatine ganglion

Term

 

CN VIII

 

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Definition

 

 

 

Special senses of hearing, balance, & acceleration

Term

 

CN IX

 

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Definition

 

 

 

Sensory to pharyngeal wall & tongue;

Parasympathetic to parotid gland via otic ganglion

Term

 

CN X

 

Vagus nerve

Definition

 

 

Parasympathetic to organs in thoracic & abdominal regions via local ganglion

Term

 

CN XI

 

Accessory nerve

Definition

 

 

 

Motor to sternocleidomastoid & trapezius

Term

 

CN XII

 

Hypoglossal nerve

Definition

 

 

 

Motor to muscles of tongue

Term

 

 

What are the purely sensory cranial nerves?

Definition

Olfactory (CN I)

Optic (CN II)

Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

2 divisions of trigeminal (CN V):

    --ophthalmic division (V1 )

   --maxillary division (V2)

 
Term

 

 

What are the purely motor cranial nerves?

Definition


Trochlear (CN IV)

Abducens (CN VI)

Accessory (CN XI)

Hypoglossal (CN XII)

Term

 

 

What are the motor & sensory (mixed) cranial nerves?

Definition

 

 

1 division of trigeminal (CN V):

--mandibular division (V3)

Term

 

 

What is the motor & parasympathetic cranial nerve?

Definition

 

 

 

Oculomotor (CN III)

Supporting users have an ad free experience!