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Neck Muscles
Triangles & Fascia
23
Anatomy
Professional
10/12/2009

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Term
posterior triangle borders
Definition
SCM, trapz, clavicle
Term
posterior triangle subdivisions
Definition
occipital and subclavian triangles
Term
post. occipital triangle borders
Definition
trapz, SCM, and inferior belly of omohyoid
Term
post. subclavian borders
Definition
SCM, inferior belly of omohyoid, and clavicle
Term
posterior triangle roof
Definition
platysma and superficial layer of cervical fascia
Term
posterior triangle floor
Definition
splenius capitis, levator scapulae, scalenus ant., med., and post.
Term
posterior triangle nerves
Definition
CN 10/vagus, CN 11, LON/C2, greater auricular nerve/C2-3, transverse cervical nerve C2-3, supraclavicular nerves/C3-4
Term
posterior triangle veins
Definition
external and internal jugular veins
Term
posterior triangle arteries
Definition
common carotid, occipital, suprascapular, transverse cervical, subclavian
Term
superficial fascia
Definition
internal surface of the skin; includes platysma
Term
investing fascia
Definition
surrounds the entire neck
Term
infrahyoid fascia
Definition
superficial layer: encloses sternohyoid and omohyoid
deep layer: sternohyoid and thyrohyoid
Term
cervical visceral fasciae
Definition
pre-tracheal: covers larynx and trachea, encloses thyroifd cartilage
buccopharyngeal: covers cheek and dorsal esophagus
Term
paravertebral fascia
Definition
encloses the vertebral column and muscles
axillary sheath: encloses subclavian vessels and brachial plexus
Sibson's: deep to scalene muscles
Term
carotid sheath
Definition
invests the common carotid arteries, internal jugular veins, vagus nerve, lymph nodes etc.
Term
anterior triangle
Definition
symphisis menti, SCM, and mandible
Term
anterior triangle roof
Definition
cervical fascia
Term
anterior triangle floor
Definition
pharynx, larynx, and thyroid
Term
suprahyoid muscles: digastric
Definition
1. Anterior belly of digastric muscle’s origin is inside of mandible, posterior is mastoid. Real origin is horn of hyoid. When muscles have 2 bellies assume they can act independently. This muscle can be used to open the mouth. It also has multiple innervations, front muscle is innervated by CN5, back muscle is CN7.
Term
suprahyoid muscles: stylohyoid
Definition
raises it up the jaw and puts it back, innervated by CN7. This muscle’s origin is more anterior compared to the digastric posterior as it descends it passes the digastric muscles over. It also elevates the hyoid bone. Innervated by CN5.
Term
infrahyoid muscle: sternohyoid
Definition
depresses (take it down) the hyoid to take it out of the way, also steadies the pharynx and larynx. It’s innervated by branches of ansa cervicalis C1-C3mainly.
Term
infrahyoid muscle: sternothyroid
Definition
underneath sterno hyoid. It originates in the sternum and inserts in an oblique line of the thyroid cartilage. It rotates the thyroid cartilage forward to open up your airway. Innervated by ansa cervicalis C2-C3 mainly.
Term
infrahyoid muscles: thyrohyoid
Definition
depresses the hyoid bone, also can act antagonistic to sternothyroid and put the thyroid cartilage back in place to close the orifice. The innervation for this muscle is C1.via Hypoglossal nerve CN XII
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