Term
|
Definition
| German writer, won Nobel Prize in literature. Denounced Nazis and supported the Weimar Republic. Fled to Switzerland when Hitler rose to power. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Austrian-American filmmaker and screenwriter. His movie, Metropolis, garnered much positive criticism and was considered precursor to the film noir genre. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Socialist German poet and theatrical writer. Disliked Nazi ideology and fled to Sweden when Hitler rose to power. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bertholt Brecht and Kurt Weil's brainchild Marxist musical. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| German actress who moved to America and become a successful actress. Promoted U.S. government war bonds to oppose Nazi Germany. Starred in The Blue Angel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| First post-WWI president of Germany until his death in 1925. As an SPD supporter, he also supported the Freikorps in Weimar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1920 coup attempt aimed at overthrowing the Weimar Republic. Opposed the Treaty of Versailles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1922 treaty between Germany (Weimar) and USSR. Outlined plans to have German troops trained by USSR due to the Treaty of Versailles' limiting of the German army. Practiced flying airplanes in Russia. France was opposed to this. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| German-Jewish foreign minister during Weimar Republic who negotiated the Treaty of Rapallo. Racially-charged assassination by the Freikorps in Berlin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Capital building, where the parliament was housed. Used until 1933, where it was severely burned supposedly by Marinus van der Lubbe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Minister of Food and Agriculture for a period before being promoted to Chancellor of Germany for less than a year. Became president of Reichsbank; mortgages country to clear debts. Important figure during war guilt discussions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conservative. Chancellor and foreign minister during Weimar Republic. Supported democracy and helped decrease national inflation. Wanted Rentenbank to enact a currency reform to abolish worthless currency. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conservative politician who refused to aide Hitler in the Beer Hall Putsch after he raided it in Munich. His role in the failure of the coup cost him the support of right-wing nationalist forces in Bavaria and after Hitler's trial revealed his administration's involvement in the preparations of the coup. Forced to resign, and then assassinated in Rohm Putsch. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Many Germans didn't lose WWI but were instead betrayed by citizens. German gov't leaders who signed armistice on Nov 11, 1918 were known as the November Criminals. Nazis promoted this view and used it to prosecute Jews and Bolsheviks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1931 Weimar, formed to oppose Chancellor Bruning. Large coalition consisting of members of DNVP, Hugenberg, Stahlhelm, and NSDAP. Failed to win a vote of no confidence against Bruning in the Reichstag. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Communist executed for committing arson to the Reichstag building to protest fascism. No one knows for sure if he actually did it, but he claimed he did. Was used along with article 48 to strip rights. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Passed by Reichstag and signed by Hindenburg, which gave Hitler total control. Country moves to a dictatorship. Cabinet passes laws with no opposition. End of the Weimar Republic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Former estate of Paul von Hindenburg. Foreclosed and bought back for him by the Junkers for his 80th birthday. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Strip of land given to Poland for war crimes from Germany. Provided Poland with access to the ocean. Hitler believed it to be German territory and demanded highways so Germany and Prussia were connected. Poland refuses. Germany invades and starts WWII. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chancellor of German Reich 1923-25, and from 1926-28. Member of Reichstag until 1932 when Nazis took over. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| President from 1925-34. Appoints chancellor and cabinet. Can dismiss chancellor at will. Assigned Hitler to chancellor in 1932 and eventually played an important role of the Nazi rise to power. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gave Chancellor the ability to create and enact legislation without consent from Reichstag. Used, obviously, to strip basic rights. Along with Reichstag Fire Decree, people were screwed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chancellor of Germany from 1930-32; longest serving chancellor of the Weimar Republic. Catholic Centre party. Harzburg front tried to overthrow him but failed. Eventually was replaced by von Papen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chancellor in 1932, then vice chancellor under Hitler 33-34. Staged a coup in Prussia against center-left gov't. Close advisor to Hindenburg who supported Hitler's rising to power, stating that he could be controlled. Thought he and Hitler would be co-chancellors, but were not. Left the gov't after Rohm Putsch (Night of the Long Knives.) Defendant in war crimes trial. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Volunteer paramilitary organization that appeared after WWI consisting of young, unemployed ex-soldiers. Known for violence against communists. Extremely right-wing. They assassinated Walther Rathenau. Nazis saw them as a nuisance and dissolved the group into the SA and SS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Paramilitary corps defending the Republic. Flag was black, red, gold, present in Weimar. Recruited men, supporters of Republic and SPD. |
|
|
Term
| Sturm Abteilung (SA) "Storm Troopers" |
|
Definition
| This Nazi faction was a paramilitary corps that combated left-wing. It was not elite; you paid dues and were accepted. Nicknamed "brown shirts" because of their uniforms. Terrorists, essentially. Group was seen as a threat by Hitler, who had the leaders assassinated. Rohm, homosexuality, blonde hair blue eyes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Paramilitary corps operating under DNVP (German National Party.) Hitler's personal bodyguard unit, lead by Heinrich Himmler. Gained independence from SA. Had to prove Aryan ancestry. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attorney, civil servant and diehard Nazi. Served as minister of interior of the Third Reich. Helps Hitler write "Mein Kampf" because of his imprisonment due to Beer Hall Putsch. Introduced anti-Semitic legislation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Leading Nazi "blut und boden" ideologist. Served as minister of food and agriculture for the Reich. Plant and farm expert. Tried to recruit farmers into the party. Nazis gained large support from rural areas thanks to him. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| War veteran and fighter pilot. After hearing Hitler's speech, he fell in love with his politics and appointed leader of SA, whom Rohm recruited for. Head of Gestapo and merges Prussian police into one. Expands into Eastern Europe. Solidified Nazi hold on government through force. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Articulate orator and extremely anti-Semitic. Wrote much propaganda and leading propagandist that helped win public support. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| War hero in Freikorps, helped defeat Spartacus uprising. Participated in Beer Hall Putsch and helped editing with "Mein Kampf." Served as assistant to Hitler. One of first to join NSDAP, Deputy Fuhrer to Hitler. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nazi who worked close with Hitler and Himmler and played an influential role in the Holocaust. Helped organize Gestapo with Hitler. Assassinated by British in Czechoslovakia, which pissed Hitler off. Hitler then killed 10,000 Czechs, all Jews. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chief of German Police, including Gestapo. One person who was directly responsible for the Holocaust. Proponent of concentration camps. Master race proponent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Co-founder of SA and later command |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Co-founder and commander of SA. Homosexual. Close to Hitler, but executed after he became "too ambitious." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wessel had a prostitute as a girlfriend. SS member. Assassinated by a communist. His death was martyred in a song about him that became the Nazi Anthem. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Head of office of president through Weimar and Nazi eras. Played important role in Hitler's rise to chancellorship. Close adviser to von Hindenburg. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of leading German nationalists prior to WWII. Key to Hitler's upbringing to power, thinking he could use Hitler as a political tool. Served on Hitler's first cabinet. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Soldier before Hitler seized power. Became one of Hitler's most empathetic supporters and eventually became Minister of Defense under Hitler. Took role in the purging of the SA. Resigned after his young bride was found in porn. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Publisher, founder of Der Strummer, a Nazi propaganda newspaper. Extremely anti-Semitic and endeared Hitler. Hated by many Nazis for being to graphic in articles; executed after WWII. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Name roughly translates to "Creeper." Commander of Bavarian paramilitary and last Chancellor of Germany. He and his wife were assassinated by Hitler in the Rohm Putsch (NotLK). Hitler thought he was going to kidnap Hindenburg so he put the SA on alert and von Papen wanted him dismissed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Party Leader of regional branches of NSDAP. Second highest paramilitary rank in Nazi era. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| meaning "coordination." Nazi term for process by which the Nazis established a system of totalitarian control and tight coordination over all aspects of society. |
|
|
Term
| SPD (Soc. Democratic Party) |
|
Definition
| Socialist party made of workers. |
|
|
Term
| DVP (German People's Party) |
|
Definition
| Party of economic liberalism, business. Ambivalent about Weimar Republic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nationalist party. Ultra-conservative party that tried to undermine Weimar Repub. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Communist party. Pinko-commy bastards. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Communist party. Pinko-commy bastards. |
|
|
