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Details

Muscular System
Actions, Origins, & Insertion
35
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/18/2008

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
 
 
 
 
ORBICULAR ORIS
 
 
 
 
 
Definition

 

 

Action:

compresses and purses lips

 

Origin:

Maxilla and Mandible

 

Insertion:

encircling mouth; skin & muscles at angles to mouth

Term

 

 

 

 

ORBICULAR OCULI

Definition

 

Action:

closes eye; produces winking, blinking & squinting

 

Origin:

medial wall or margin of orbit

 

Insertion:

skin surrounding eyelids

Term

 

 

 

 

MASSETER

Definition

 

Action:

elevates and protracts mandible; prime mover of jaw closure

 

Origin:

 Zygomatic Arch

 

Insertion:

coronoid process; lateral surface and angle of mandible

Term

 

 

 

 

STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

Definition

Action:

unilateral action: lateral flexion, rotation of head to opposite side, bilateral action: flexes neck

 

Origin:

manubrium & sternal end of clavicle

 

Insertion:

mastoid process

Term

 

 

 

 

RECTUS ABDOMINUS

Definition

 

Action:

flexes vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall

 

Origin:

superior surface of pubis near symphysis

 

Insertion:

Xiphoid process of sternum; inferior surfaces of ribs 5-7

Term

 

 

 

 

EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

Definition

 Action:

unilateral action: lateral flexion of vertebral column; rotation of vertebral to opposite side bilateral action: flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall

 

 Origin:

external & inferior borders of the inferior 8 ribs

 

Insertion:

linea alba by a broad aposeurosis; some iliac crest

Term

 

 

 

 

RHOMBOID MAJOR

Definition

 

Action:

elevates and retracts (adducts) scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula

 

Origin:

spinous processes of T2-T5

 

Insertion:

medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle

 

Term

 

 

 

 

TRAPEZIUS

Definition

 

Action:

superior fibers: elevate & superiorly rotate scapula; middle fibers: retracts scapula; inferior fibers: depress scapula

 

Origin:

occipital bone (superior nuchal line), ligamentum nuchae; spinous process of C7-T12

 

Insertion:

clavicle; acromion process and spine of scapula

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

DELTOID

Definition

 

Action:

anterior fibers: flex & medially rotate arm; middle fibers: prime mover of arm abduction; posterior fibers: extend and laterally rotate arm

 

Origin:

acromial end of clavicle; acromion & spine of scapula

 

Insertion:

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Term

 

 

 

 

 

LATISSIMUS DORSI

Definition

 

Action:

prime mover of arm extention; also adducts and medially rotates arm

 

Origin:

spinous processes of T7-T12, ribs 8-12, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fasia

 

Insertion:

intertubercular groove of humerus

Term

 

 

 

 

 

PECTORALIS MAJOR

Definition

 

Action:

prime mover of arm flexion; also adducts and medially rotates arm

 

Origin:

medial clavicle, costal cartilages of ribs 2-6, body of sternum

 

Insertion:

lateral part of intertubercular groove of humerus

Term

 

 

 

 

 

TERES MAJOR

Definition

 

Action:

extends, adducts and medially rotates arm

 

Origin:

inferior lateral border and inferior angle of scapula

 

Insertion:

lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove of humerus

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

SUPRASPINATUS

Definition

 

Action:

abducts arm

 

Origin:

suprapinous fossa of scapula

 

Insertion:

greater tubercle of humerus

Term

 

 

 

 

 

INFRASPINATUS

Definition

 

Action:

adducts arm laterally rotates arm

 

Origin:

infraspinous fossa of scapula

 

Insertion:

greater tubercle of humerus

Term

 

 

 

 

 

BICEPS BRACHII

Definition

 

Action:

flexes arm

 

Origin:

supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

 

Insertion:

radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

BRACHIALIS

Definition

 

Action:

primary flexor of forearm

 

Origin:

distal anterior surface of humerus

 

Insertion:

tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

Term

 

 

 

 

 

TRICEPS BRACHII

Definition

 

Action:

extends and adducts arm

 

Origin:

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

 

Insertion:

olecranon process of ulna

Term

 

 

 

 

 

FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

Definition

 

Action:

flexes wrist and abducts hand

 

Origin:

medial epicondyle of humerus

 

Insertion:

base of metacarpals II & III

Term

 

 

 

 

 

FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS

Definition

 

Action:

flexes wrist and adducts hand

 

Origin:

medial epicondyle of humerus; olecranon and posterior surface of ulna

 

Insertion:

pisiform and hamate bones; base of metacarpal V

Term

 

 

 

 

 

EXTENSOR DIGITORUM

Definition

 

Action:

extends wrist, extends 2nd-5th MP joints, PIP joints, and DIP joints

 

Origin:

lateral epicondyle of humerus

 

Insertion:

distal and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

Term

 

 

 

 

 

EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS

Definition

 

Action:

extends wrist, adducts hand

 

Origin:

lateral epicondyle of humerus

 

Insertion:

base of metacarpal V

Term

 

 

 

 

 

ADDUCTOR LONGUS

Definition

 

Action:

adducts thigh; flexes thigh

 

Origin:

pubis near pubic symphysis

 

Insertion:

linea aspera of femur

Term

 

 

 

 

 

PSOAS MAJOR

Definition

 

Action:

flexes thigh

 

Origin:

transverse processes and bodies of T12-L5 vertebra

 

Insertion:

lesser trochanter of femur with iliacus

Term

 

 

 

 

 

GRACILIS

Definition

 

Action:

adducts and flexes thigh; flexes leg

 

Origin:

inferior ramus and body of pubis

 

Insertion:

upper medial surface of tibia

Term

 

 

 

 

 

SARTORIUS

 

 

 

Definition

 

Action:

flexes thigh and rotates thigh laterally; flexes leg and rotates leg medially

 

Origin:

anterior superior iliac spine

 

Insertion:

tibial tuberosity, medial side

Term

 

 

 

 

 

RECTUS FEMORIS

Definition

 

Action:

flexes thigh, extends leg

 

Origin:

anterior inferior iliac spine

 

Insertion:

quadracepts tendon to patella and then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Term

 

 

 

 

 

VASTUS LATERALIS

Definition

 

Action:

extends leg

 

Origin:

greater trochanter and linea aspera

 

Insertion:

quadraceps tendon to patella and then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Term

 

 

 

 

 

VASTUS MEDIALIS

Definition

 

Action:

extends leg

 

Origin:

intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of femur

 

Insertion:

quadraceps tendon to patella and then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Term

 

 

 

 

 

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

Definition

 

Action:

extends thigh; laterally rotates thigh

 

Origin:

iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx

 

Insertion:

iliotibial tract of fascia lata; linea aspera and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Term

 

 

 

 

 

GLUTEUS MEDIUS

 

 

 

 

 

Definition

 

Action:

abducts thighs; medially rotates thigh

 

Origin:

posterior iliac crest; lateral surface between posterior and interior gluteal lines

 

Insertion:

greater trochanter of femur

Term

 

 

 

 

 

BICEPS FEMORIS

Definition

 

Action:

extends thigh; flexes leg; laterally rotates leg

 

Origin:

ischial tuberosity, linea aspera of femur

 

Insertion:

head of tibia

Term

 

 

 

 

 

SEMIMEMBRANOSUS

Definition

 

Action:

extends thigh & flexes leg medially rotates leg

 

Origin:

ischial tuberosity

 

Insertion:

posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

Term

 

 

 

 

 

SEMITENDINOSUS

Definition

 

Action:

extends thigh and flexes leg; medially rotates leg

 

Origin:

ischial tuberosity

 

Insertion:

proximal medial surface of tibia

Term

 

 

 

 

 

GASTROCNEMIUS

Definition

 

Action:

flexes leg; plantar flexes foot

 

Origin:

superior posterior surfaces of lateral and medial condyles of femur

 

Insertion:

calcaneous (via calcaneal tendon)

Term

 

 

 

 

 

TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

Definition

 

Action:

dorsi flexes foot; inverts foot

 

Origin:

lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia; interosseous membrane

 

Insertion:

metatarsal I and first (medial) cuneiform

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