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Muscles- Function & Innervation
N/A
83
Anatomy
Graduate
08/30/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Trapezius
Definition

Function: raise shoulder (shrugging), prime mover for lateral rotation of scapula (raise arm above shoulder), prime mover for retraction of shoulder

 

Innervation: Accessory nerve

Term
Levator scapulae
Definition

Function: Raise shoulder, medially rotate scapula

 

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5), and nerve fibers from C3 & C4

Term
Rhomboid major and minor
Definition

Function: Retract shoulder, medially rotate scapula

 

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Term
Serratus anterior
Definition

Function: Prime mover for protraction of shoulder, prime mover for lateral rotation of scapula (raise arm above shoulder)

 

Innervation: Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Term
Pectoralis minor
Definition

Function: Lowers  and protracts the shoulder

 

Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

Term
Subclavius
Definition

Function: lowers the shoulder

 

Innervation: nerve to subclavius (C5 & C6)

Term
Supraspinatus
Definition

Function: initiates first 5-10° of abduction of the arm at shoulder joint, assists deltoid in abduction after 10°

 

Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Term
Infraspinatus
Definition

Function: externally rotates arm

 

Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Term
Teres minor
Definition

Function: externally rotates arm

 

Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Term
Subscapularis
Definition

Function: internally rotates arm

 

Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5 & C6)

Term
Deltoid
Definition

Function: prime mover for abduction from 10-180°, flex, internally rotate, extend and externally rotates arm (swings arms back and forth during walking gait)

 

Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Term
Pectoralis major
Definition

Function: prime mover for adduction, prime mover for internal rotation of arm, flexes arm

 

Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Term
Teres major
Definition

Function: prime mover for adduction, prime mover for internal rotation of arm

 

Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve

Term
Latissimus dorsi
Definition

Function: prime mover for adduction, prime mover for internal rotation of arm, extends arm

 

Innervation:

 

Thoracodorsal nerve (middle subscapular nerve)

Term
Gluteus maximus
Definition

Function:

      extends the thigh, helps you stand from seated position, helps oppose tendency for body to fall forward during IC and LR phases, keeping body erect, restrains forward movement of thigh during TSW phase

 

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve

Term

Gluteus medius and minimus

Definition

Function:

chief abductors of thigh, exerts a lateral tilting action during IC, LR, & MST phases to minimize tilting at ipsilateral hip joint, raising opposite side of hip

 

Innervation:

 

Superior gluteal nerve

Term
Tensor fasciae latae
Definition

Function: abducts the thigh, exerts lateral tilting action during IC, LR, MST, and TST phases

 

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Term
Piriformis, Superior gamellus, Obturator internus, Inferior gamellus, Quadratus femoris
Definition

Function: externally rotate the thigh

 

Innervation: Nerves from the sacral plexus

Term
Semitendinosus and semimembranosus
Definition

Function: extend the thigh, flex and internally rotate the leg

 

Innervation: Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve (nerve fibers from L5, S1, and S2)

Term
Biceps femoris – long head
Definition

Function: extend the thigh, flex and externally rotate the leg

 

Innervation: Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve (nerve fibers from L5, S1, and S2)

Term

Biceps femoris – short head

Definition

Function: flex and externally rotate the leg

 

Innervation: Common fibular portion of the sciatic nerve

Term
Adductor magnus – adductor part
Definition

Function: adducts the thigh

 

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

Term

 

Adductor magnus – hamstring part

Definition

Function: extends the thigh

 

Innervation: Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve

Term
Gracilis
Definition

Function: adducts the thigh, flex and internally rotates the leg, flexes thigh during early part of ISW phase to accelerate forward mvt of thigh

 

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Term
Adductor brevis
Definition

Function: adducts the thigh

 

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Term
Obturator externus
Definition

Function: externally rotates thigh

 

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Term
Adductor longus
Definition

Function: adducts the thigh, flexes thigh during TST, PSW, and ISW phases to accelerate forward mvt of thigh

 

Innervation: Obturator nerve

Term
Pectineus
Definition

Function: adducts thigh, flexes the thigh

 

Innervation: Femoral and obturator nerves

Term
Iliacus
Definition

Function:

  flexes the thigh, flexes trunk of body when rising from a lying down position (recumbent) to a seated position

 

Innervation: 

Femoral nerve

Term
Psoas major
Definition

Function: flexes the thigh, flexes trunk of body when rising from a lying down position (recumbent) to a seated position 

 

Innervation: Branches of the anterior rami of L1, L2, and L3

Term
Vastus medialis
Definition

Function: extends the leg

 

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Term
Vastus lateralis
Definition

Function: extends the leg

 

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Term
Rectus femoris
Definition

Function: extends the leg, flexes thigh at hip joint

 

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Term
Vastus intermedius
Definition

Function: extends the leg

 

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Term
Sartorius
Definition

Function: flex, abduct, and externally rotate thigh, flex and internally rotate leg

 

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Term
Coracobrachialis
Definition

Function: flex & adduct arm at shoulder joint

 

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

Term
Biceps brachii
Definition

Function: chief supinator of forearm, major flexor of forearm

 

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

Term
Brachialis
Definition

Function: major flexor of forearm

 

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

Term
Triceps brachii
Definition

Function: chief extensor of forearm

 

Innervation: Radial nerve (C7, C8)

Term
Pronator quadratus
Definition

Function: chief pronator of forearm

 

Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve

Term
Pronator teres
Definition

Function: pronates and flexes forearm

 

Innervation: Median nerve

Term
Flexor carpi radialis
Definition

Function: flexes and abducts hand

 

Innervation: Median nerve

Term
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition

Function: flexes and adducts hand

 

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Term
Palmaris longus
Definition

Function: flexes hand

 

Innervation: Median nerve

Term
Flexor pollicis longus
Definition

Function: sole flexor of thumb’s distal phalanx

 

Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve

Term
Flexor digitorum profundus
Definition

Function: flexes distal phalanges of fingers

 

Innervation:

Medial part à ulnar nerve

Lateral part àmedian nerve

Term
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Definition

Function: flexes middle phalanges of fingers

 

Innervation: Median nerve

Term
Anconeus
Definition

Function: extends forearm

 

Innervation: Radial nerve

Term
Brachioradialis
Definition

Function: flexes forearm

 

Innervation: Radial nerve

Term
Supinator
Definition

Function: supinates forearm

 

Innervation: Deep radial nerve (C5, C6)

Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Definition

Function: extends and abducts hand

 

Innervation: Radial nerve

Term
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Definition

Function: extends and abducts hand

 

Innervation: Deep radial nerve

Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Definition

Function: extends and adducts hand

 

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve

Term
Abductor pollicis longus
Definition

Function: extends and abducts thumb

 

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve

Term
Extensor pollicis longus
Definition

Function: extends thumb

 

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve

Term
Extensor pollicis brevis
Definition

Function: extends thumb

 

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve

Term
Extensor digiti minimi
Definition

Function: extends phalanges of little finger

 

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve

Term
Extensor digitorum
Definition

Function: extends phalanges of fingers

 

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve

Term
Extensor indicis
Definition

Function: extends index finger

 

Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve

Term
Lumbricals (4)
Definition

Function: flex fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints, extend fingers at interphalangeal joints

 

Innervation:

1st and 2nd – median nerve

3rd and 4th – deep branch of ulnar nerve

Term
Dorsal interossei (4) DAB
Definition

Function: abducts fingers, except little finger

 

Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Term
Palmar interossei (3) PAD
Definition

Function: adducts fingers, except middle finger

 

Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Term
Abductor pollicus brevis
Definition

Function: abducts thumb

 

Innervation: Median nerve

Term
Flexor pollicus brevis
Definition

Function: flexes thumb

 

Innervation: Median nerve

Term
Opponens pollicis
Definition

Function: opposes the thumb (sole prime mover)

 

Innervation: Median nerve

Term
Adductor pollicis
Definition

Function: adducts thumb, flexes thumb

 

Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Term
Abductor digiti minimi
Definition

Function: abducts little finger

 

Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Term
Flexor digiti minimi
Definition

Function: flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint

 

Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve:

Term
Opponens digiti minimi
Definition

Function: flexes and laterally rotates 5th metacarpal

 

Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Term
Palmar brevis
Definition

Function: wrinkles skin over hypothenar muscles

 

Innervation: Superficial branch of ulnar nerve

Term

 

Tibialis anterior

Definition

Function: major dorsiflexor of foot, one of the chief supinators of foot

 

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term
Extensor hallucis longus
Definition

Function: extends big toe, major dorsiflexor of foot

 

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term
Extensor digitorum longus
Definition

Function: extends phalanges of 4 lateral toes

 

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term
Fibularis tertius
Definition

Function: helps with dorsiflexion and pronation of foot

 

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term
Fibularis longus
Definition

Function: chief pronator of foot

 

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve

Term
Fibularis brevis
Definition

Function: chief pronator of foot

 

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve

Term
Popliteus
Definition

Function: unlocks knee joint during 1st few degrees of flexion from anatomical position

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term
Tibialis posterior
Definition

Function: one of the chief supinators of foot

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term
Flexor digitorum longus
Definition

Function: flexes phalanges of the lateral 4 toes

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term
Flexor hallucis longus
Definition

Function: flexes phalanges of big toe

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term

 

Gastrocnemius

Definition

Function: major plantarflexor of foot

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term

 

Soleus

Definition

Function:

 

major plantarflexor of foot

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term
Plantaris
Definition

Function: plantarflexes the foot

 

Innervation: Tibial nerve

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