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Muscles
Contraction, types of muscles, parts of muscles, origin, insertion, action
34
Anatomy
12th Grade
01/31/2012

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Term
What is the difference Between aerobic and anaerobis respiration?
Definition
aerobic respiration is the complete energy releasing, breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen. Anaerobic is the same but does not involve oxygen and creates less energy
Term
What is the role of actin, moysin, and cross bridges in a muscle contraction?
Definition
Myosin and actin link, myosin crossbridges pull actin filaments inward.
Term
What is oxygen debt?
Definition
The amount of oxygen required after physical activity to convert accumulated lact acid to glucose.
Term
What is a neuromuscular junction?
Definition
The connection between the motor neuron and the muscle fiber. It is responsible for causing the muscle to contract.
Term
What is the name of tissue that connect muscle to bone?
Definition
tendons
Term
What is an isometric contraction?
Definition
where the muscle generates force while muscle length remains the same
Term
What is an isotonic contraction?
Definition
Where the muscle shortens under a constant load.
Term
What is a tetanus contraction?
Definition
When resulting forceful, sustained contraction lackes even partial relaxation.
Term
What is a prime mover?
Definition
Provides the most movement
Term
What is an atagonist muscle?
Definition
A muscle that resists prime movers action and cause movement in the opposit direction
Term
What is a synergistic muscle?
Definition
A muscle that contracts and assists the prime mover
Term
Explain the difference between origin and insertion.
Definition
Origin is where the muscle starts..also known as the immoveable part. The Insertion is the moveable part of the muscle.
Term
What are Myofibrils?
Definition
thread like protein filaments
Term
What is the sarcomere?
Definition
the segment of a myofibril that extends from one z line to the next.
Term
What is the difference between acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase?
Definition
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that stimulates contractions. Acetylcholinesterase breaks done acetylcholine.
Term
What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction?
Definition
Calcium diffuses into the sarcoplasm and binds to troponin then casuses that and tropomyosin to expose binding sites on actin.
Term
Where are cardiac muscles found?
Definition
only in the heart
Term
Where are smooth muscles found?
Definition
irises of the eye, stomach, uterus...
Term
Where are skeletal muscles found?
Definition
everywhere
Term
Which types of muscles are involuntary?
Definition
Smooth and Cardiac muscles
Term
Which types of muscles are voluntary?
Definition
Skeletal muscles
Term
Which types of muscles are straited?
Definition
skeletal and cardiac
Term
Which types of muscles are unstriated?
Definition
smooth
Term
Where does a muscle get the energy it needs for a muscle contraction?
Definition
ATP
Term
What is abduction?
Definition
moving away from the midline of the body
Term
What is adduction?
Definition
moving closer to the midline of the body
Term
What is circumduction?
Definition
moving in a circular path
Term
What is dorsiflexion?
Definition
bending the foot towards the shin
Term
What is eversion?
Definition
turning the foot so the sole faces outward
Term
What is extension?
Definition
straightening parts at a joint so the anger between them increases
Term
What is inversion?
Definition
turning the foot so the sole is facing inward
Term
What is plantar flexion?
Definition
bend the foot towards the sole (down
Term
What is pronation?
Definition
turing the hand to the palm is facing downward
Term
What is supination?
Definition
turning the hand so the palm is facing upward
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