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Muscles
Muscles of the Upper and Lower Extremities
152
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
04/12/2011

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Cards

Term
Pectoralis Major Origin
Definition
Sternal End of Clavicle
Sternum
Ribs 1-6
Term
Pectoralis Major Insertion
Definition
Greater Tubercle of Humerus
Intertubercle Sulcus of Humerus
Term
What is the prime mover of arm flexion?
Definition
Pectoralis Major
Term
What are the actions of the Pectoralis Major?
Definition
  • Prime Mover of Arm Flexion
  • Rotates Arm Medially
  • Adducts arm against resistance
  • Lifts Rib Cage

 

Term
What is the origin of Pectoralis Minor?
Definition
Ribs 3-5
Term
Where is the insertion of Pectoralis Minor?
Definition
  • Coracoid Process
Term
What are the actions of the Pectoralis Minor?
Definition
  • With ribs fixed, moves scapula forward and downward
  • With scapula fixed, draws ribs superiorly
Term
Where are the origins of Latissimus Dorsi?
Definition
  • Indirect attachment via lumbodorsal fascia into spines of last 6T
  • L vertebrae
  • Lower 3-4 ribs
  • iliac crest
Term
Where is the insertion of Latissimus Dorsi?
Definition
  • Intertubercular groove of humerus
Term
Actions of the Latissimus Dorsi
Definition
  • Prime Mover for arm extension

 

  • arm adductor

 

  • medially rotates arm at shoulder
Term
Origins of Deltoid
Definition
  • Trapezius
  • Lateral Clavicle
  • Scapula
Term
Insertions of Deltoid
Definition
  • Deltoid Tuberosity
Term
The deltoid is the Prime Mover of ____________.
Definition
Arm abduction
Term
The deltoid is the antagonist of ___________?
Definition
Pec Major and Latissimus Dorsi
Term
Name the Four Muscles of the Rotator Cuff.
Definition
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
  • Subscapularis
Term
Origin of the Subscapularis
Definition
Subscapular fossa
Term
Insertion of Subscapularis
Definition
Lesser Tubercle of humerus
Term
Actions of the Subscapularis
Definition
  • Prime medial rotator of humerus
  • Stabilizes Shoulder Joint
Term
Origin of Supraspinatus
Definition
Supraspinous fossa
Term
Insertion of Supraspinatus
Definition
Superior Greater Tubercle
Term
Actions of Supraspinatus
Definition
  • Stabilizes shoulder joint
  •  prevents dislocation of humeruswhen carrying heavy object
  • Initiates abduction
Term
Origin of Infraspinatus
Definition
Infraspinous Fossa
Term
Insertions of Infraspinatus
Definition
  • Greater Tubercle
  • posterior to supraspinatus
Term
Actions of Infraspinatus
Definition
  • Rotates arm laterally
  • Holds humerusin glenoidcavity
Term
Origin of Teres Minor
Definition
Lateral Border of dorsal scapular surface
Term
Insertion of Teres Minor
Definition

Greater tubercle of humerus inferior to infraspinatus insertion

Term
Actions of Teres Minor
Definition
  • Rotates Arm Laterally
  • Holds humerus in glenoid cavity
Term
Origin of Teres Major
Definition
Inferior angle of scapula
Term

Insertion of Teres Major


Definition
Anterior Lesser Tubercle
Term
Actions of Teres Major
Definition
  • Synergist of Lats
  • Moves humerus: Extesion, Medial Rotation Adduction
Term
Origin of Serratus Anterior
Definition
Ribs 1-8
Term
Insertion of Serratus Anterior
Definition
Anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula
Term
Actions of Serratus Anterior
Definition
  • Rotates scapula so its inferior angle moves laterally and upward
  • Protracts and holds scapula against chest wall
  • abduction and raising of arm and in horizontal arm movements (punching)
Term
Origin of Coracobrachialis
Definition
Coracoid Process of Scapula
Term
Insertion of Coracobrachialis
Definition
Medial surface of humerus shaft
Term
Actions of Coracobrachialis
Definition
  • Synergist of Pec Movement
  • Moves Humerus: Flexion and Adduction
Term
Origins of Trapezius
Definition
  • Occipital Bone
  • Ligamentum nuchae
  • Spines of C7-T12
Term
Insertions of Trapezius
Definition
  • Scapular spine
  • acromium
  • lateral 3rd of clavicle
Term
Actions of Trapezius
Definition
  • Moves scapula

Stabilize
Elevate
Retract
Rotate

Term
Origin of Levator Scapulae
Definition
Tranverse Process C1-4
Term
Insertion of Levator Scapulae
Definition
  • medial border of scapula

 

Term
Actions of Levator Scapulae
Definition
  • Elevates scapula
  • Adducts scapula
Term
Origins of Biceps Brachii
Definition
  • short head: Coracoidprocess
  • long head: supra glenoidtubercle and lip of glenoidcavity
  • Tendon of long head runs into capsule and into intertuberclesulcus
Term
Insertions of Biceps Brachii
Definition
Radial Tuberosity
Term
Actions of  Bicep Brachii
Definition
  • Flexes Elbow
  • Supinates Forearm
Term
Origin of Brachialis
Definition
Distal Humerus
Term
Insertion of Brachialis
Definition
Proximal Ulna
Term
Action of Brachialis
Definition
Major Forearm Flexor
Term
Origin of Anconeus
Definition
Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus
Term
Insertion of Anconeus
Definition
Lateral olecranon process of ulna
Term
Actions of Anconeus
Definition
  • Synergist of triceps brachii during elbow extension
  • Abducts ulna during forearm pronation
Term
BREVIS
Definition
Short
Term
DIGITORIUM
Definition
Fingers
Term
Superficialis
Definition
Surface
Term
PROFUNDUS
Definition
Deep
Term
POLLICIS
Definition
Thumb
Term

Carpi

 

Definition
Wrist
Term
INDICIS
Definition
Index Finger
Term
MUSCLES that FLEX the Wrist
Definition
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
  • Palmaris longus
Term
Origin of Rectus Abdominus
Definition
  • Pubic Crest
  • Pubic Symphysis
Term
Insertion of Rectus Abdominus
Definition
  • Xiphoid Process
  • Cartilage of Ribs 5-7
Term
Action of Rectus Abdominus
Definition
  • Flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column

–Stabilize pelvis during walking


–Increase intra-abdominal pressure

Term
Origin of External Oblique
Definition
Outer Surface of Lower 8 Ribs
Term
Insertion of External Oblique
Definition
  • Linea alba
  • Pubic Crest
  • Pubic Tubercle
  • Iliac Crest
Term
Actions of External Oblique
Definition
  • Flexion of the vertebral column
  • Compresses abdominal wall
  • Trunk rotation
  • Lateral flexion
Term
Origin of Internal Oblique
Definition
  • Lumbar Fascia
  • Iliac crest
  • Inguinal Ligament
Term
Insertion of Internal Oblique
Definition

Linea Alba

Pubic Crest

Last 3-4 Ribs

Term
Actions of  Internal Obliques
Definition
-Flexion of the vertebral column
–Compresses abdominal wall
–Trunk rotation
–Lateral flexion
Term
Origin of Transverse Abdominus
Definition
Inguinal Ligament, Lumbar Fascia, Costal Cartilages of Last 6 Ribs, Iliac Crest
Term
Insertion of Transverse Abdominus
Definition

Linea Alba

 

Pubic Crest

Term
Actions of Transverse Abdominus
Definition
Compression of Abdominal Contents
Term
Origins of the Diaphram
Definition
  • inferior, internal surface of rib cage & sternum

•Costal Cartilages of last 6 ribs


•Lumbar vertebrae

Term
Insertions of the Diaphram
Definition
Central Tendon
Term
Actions of the Diaphram
Definition
Prime mover of inspiration
Term
Origin of External Intercostals
Definition
Inferior border of rib above
Term
Insertion of External Intercostals
Definition
superior border of rib below
Term
Actions of External Intercostals
Definition
pulls ribs towards one another to elevate rib cage
Term
Origin of Internal Intercostals
Definition
superior border of ribs below
Term
Insertion of Internal Intercostals
Definition
inferior border of rib above
Term
Actions of Internal Intercostals
Definition
Aides in forced expiration
Term
Origin of Sternocleidomastoid
Definition

manubrium

 

medial portion of clavicle

Term
Insertion of Sternocleidomastoid
Definition

mastoid process

 

superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Term
Action of Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
Flexes and laterally rotates head
Term
Origin of Psoas Major
Definition
Transverse Processes, bodies, and discs of the Lumbar vertebrae and T12
Term
Insertion of Psoas Major
Definition
Lesser Trochanter
Term
Action of Psoas Major
Definition
  • Lateral flexion of vertebral column

•Flexion of thigh


•Flexing trunk on thigh

Term
Origin of Iliacus
Definition

Iliac Fossa and Crest

Sacrum

Term
Insertion of Iliacus
Definition
Lesser Trochanter
Term
Action of Iliacus
Definition
Thigh flexion and flexion of trunk on thigh
Term
Origin Gluteus Maximus
Definition
dorsal ilium, sacrum and coccyx
Term
Insertion of Gluteus Maximus
Definition

gluteal tuberosity of Femur

 

iliotibial tract

Term
Actions of Gluteus Maximus
Definition

extensor of thigh

 

abducts thigh

Term
Origin of Gluteus Medius
Definition
Lateral surface of Ilium
Term
Insertion of Gluteus Medius
Definition
greater trochanter
Term
Origin of Gluteus Minimus
Definition
laterla surface of ilium
Term
Insertion of Gluteus Minimus
Definition
greater trochanter
Term
Action for both Gluteus Minimus and Gluteus Medius
Definition
Abducts and medially rotates the thigh; steadies the pelvis during walking
Term
Origin of Tensor Fascia Latae
Definition
anterior aspect of ilian crest and iliac spine
Term
Insertion of Tensor Fascia Latae
Definition
iliotibial tract
Term
Action of Tensor Fascia Latae
Definition
Steadies the knee and trunk on thigh by making iliotibial tract taut
Term
Origin of Adductor Brevis
Definition
body and inferior ramus of pubis
Term
Insertion of Adductor Brevis
Definition
linea aspera
Term
Actions of Adductor Brevis
Definition
Adducts and medially rotates the thigh
Term
Origin of Adductor Longus
Definition
pubis near pubic symphysis
Term
Insertion of Adductor Longus
Definition
linea aspera
Term
Actions of Adductor Longus
Definition
adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh
Term
Origin of Adductor Magnus
Definition
ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity
Term
Insertion of Adductor Magnus
Definition

linear aspera

adductor tubercle of femur

Term
Actions of Adductor Magnus
Definition

Adducts and medially rotates and flexes the thigh

synergist in thigh extension

Term
Origin of Pectineus
Definition
pectineal line of pubic bone
Term
Insertion of Pectineus
Definition
lesser trochanter to linea aspera
Term
Actions of Pectineus
Definition
adducts flexes and medially rotates thigh
Term
Origin of Gracilis
Definition
inferior ramus and body of pubis
Term
Insertion of Gracilis
Definition
medial surface of tibia
Term
Action of Gracilis
Definition
adducts flexes and medially rotates thigh
Term
Origin of Sartorius
Definition
anterior superior iliac spine
Term
Insertion of Sartorius
Definition
medial aspect of proximal tibia
Term
Actions of Sartorius
Definition
flexes abducts and medially rotates the thigh
Term
Origin of Rectus Femoris
Definition
anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum
Term
Insertion of All Quadricep Muscles
Definition
patella and tibial tuberosity
Term
Actions of Rectus Femoris
Definition
extends knee and flexes hip
Term
Origin of Vastus Lateralis
Definition
greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
Term
Actions of Vastus Lateralis
Definition
extends and stabilizes knee
Term
Origin of Vastus Medialis
Definition
linea aspera and intertrochanteric line
Term
Actions of Vastus Medialis
Definition
extends knee and inferior fibers stablize pelvis
Term
Origins of Vastus Intermedius
Definition
anterior and laterla surfaces of proximal femur
Term
Action of Vastus Intermedius
Definition
Extends Knee
Term
Origins of Biceps Femoris
Definition
ischial tuberosity, linea aspera and distal femur
Term
Insertions of Biceps Femoris
Definition
via common tendon into head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia
Term
Actions of Biceps Femoris
Definition
Extends thigh, flexes knee
Term
Origins of Semitendinosus
Definition
ischial tuberosity
Term
Insertion of Semitendinosus
Definition
medial tibia
Term
Actions of Semitendinosus
Definition
extends thigh, flexes knee, medially rotates leg
Term
Origin of Semimembranosus
Definition
ischial tuberosity
Term
Insertion of Semimembranosus
Definition
medial condyle of tibia
Term
Actions of Semimembranosus
Definition
Extends thigh, flexes knee, and rotate leg
Term
Origin of Soleus
Definition
superior tibia
Term
Insertions of Soleus
Definition
posterior calcaneus
Term
Actions of Soleus
Definition
Plantar flexes foot
Term
Origin of Gastrocnemius
Definition
medial and lateral condyles of femur
Term
Insertion of Gastrocnemius
Definition
posterior calcaneus
Term
Action of Gastrocnemius
Definition
plantar flexes
Term
Origin of Tibialis Anterior
Definition
lateral condyle and upper tibial shaft
Term
insertion of Tibialis Anterior
Definition
medial cuneiform and first metatarsal
Term
Action of Tibialis Anterior
Definition
prime mover of dorsiflexion
Term
Origin of Plantaris
Definition
posterior femur above the lateral condyle
Term
Insertion of Plantaris
Definition
calcaneus or calcaneal tendon
Term
Action of Plantaris
Definition
assist in knee flexion and plantar flexion
Term
Origin of Popliteus
Definition
laterla condyle of femur and lateral meniscus
Term
Insertion of Popliteus
Definition
proximal tibia
Term
Action of Popliteus
Definition
flexes and rotates leg medially to unlock the knee
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