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Muscles
Chapter 6
25
Anatomy
12th Grade
03/31/2011

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Term
What two factors of a muscle are influenced by the pattern of fascicle arrangement of a muscle?
Definition
Range of motion and power.
Term
What must happen for a skeletal muscle fiber to contract?
Definition
There muscle fib must receive a a nerve stimulus.
Term
Name the three types of muscle tissue.
Definition
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Term
Name the four most common patterns or arrangement of fascicles within the muscles. Give an example of each.
Definition
Parallel- Biceps Brachii
Pennate- Gastrocnemius, Biceps Femoris
Circular- Obicularis Oris/Oculi
Convergent- Pectoralis Major
Term
What are the three phases of muscle contraction?
Definition
Latent
Contraction
Relaxation
Term
Four functions of muscles
Definition
Generate heat
Maintain posture
Movement
Stabilize joints
Term
What are the three phases of muscle contraction?
Definition
Latent
Contraction
Relaxation
Term
The ability of a muscle to shorten when adequate stimulus is received is called..
Definition
Contractability
Term
The two ways that muscles are attached to bones.
Definition
Directly and indirectly
Term
The Two ways that muscular contractions can me graded
Definition
wave summation
motor unit summation
Term
Which division of the nervous system are skeletal muscles stimulated by?
Definition
Somatic division
Term
ENERGY PATHWAY
Slow Acting/Long Duration
Name:
Length:
Source:
Limitations:
Definition
Aerobic Respiration
lasts for hours
source- glucose and fatty acids
limitations- O2 debt, glucose/fatty acids availability
Term
ENERGY PATHWAY
Very Fast/ Very short duration
Name:
Length:
Source:
Limitations:
Definition
Direct Phosphorylation
lasts 10-20 seconds
Source- CP/ATP
Limitations- presence of CP
Term
ENERGY PATHWAY
Fast Acting/Short Duration
Name:
Length:
Source:
Limitations:
Definition
Anaerobic Respiration
Lasts 30-60 seconds
Source- glucose/glycogen
Limitations- buildup of Lactic Acid; availability of glucose
Term
The muscle tissue which is striated and voluntary
Definition
skeletal
Term
What is meant by the phrase "all-or-none response"?
Definition
Muscle fibers contract to the full extent of their ability or not at all.
Term
The muscle tissue that is striated and voluntary
Definition
cardiac
Term
The ability of a muscle to receive and respond to a stimulus is called
Definition
excitability/irritability
Term
Consists of a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it supplies
Definition
Motor unit
Term
The ability of a muscle to be stretched or extended is known as
Definition
extensability
Term
the muscle tissue that has no striations and is under involuntary control
Definition
smooth
Term
Muscles that require fine control have ___ motor units, whereas large, weight-bearing muscles have ____ motor units.
Definition
small, large
Term
The ability of a muscle fiber to resume its resting length after it as contracted or has been stretched is known as
Definition
elasticity
Term
Four actions within the sliding filament theory of contraction and how it works:
Definition
1. Cross bridge attachment
2. Power stroke of "oar" using ATP
3. Cross bridge detachment
4. "Cocking" of myosin head
Term
Sliding filament theory is like..
Definition
tug-o-war or Velcro
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