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Muscles
origin and insertion
77
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/16/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Buccinator
Definition

Cheek Presses cheek against molar teeth

 

attach to the Maxillary bone and the mandible bone

Term

Frontalis

 

 

 

 

Definition

Front of Forehead Draws scalp forward

 

Action: raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

 

No bony attachments

Term

Occipitalis

 

 

 

 

Definition

Back of the head

 

Action: Draws scalp backwards

 

occipital bone to the mastoid part of the temporal bone

Term

Orbicularis oris

 

 

Definition

Around the mouth

 

Compresses and purses lips (kiss muscle)

 

 

Term

Orbicularis oculi

 

Action

Definition

Around the eye

 

Closes eye (blink muscle)

Term

Platysma

 

Action

Definition

Under and around the chin

 

Pulls lower lip inferiorly, tense skin of neck

 

Fascia of deltoid and pectoralis major muscles and acromion of scapula

to

Skin of cheek and mandible

Term

Zygomaticus

 

Action

Definition

Pulls corners of mouth superiorly

 

smiling muscle

 

Zygomatic bone to the skin of the lip

Term

Temporalis

 

Orgin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Orgin: Paretal and frontal bones (temoral fossa)

 

Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible

 

Action: Elevates and retracts mandible

Term

Masseter

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Zygomatic arch

 

Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible

 

Action: Elevates and protracts mandible

Term

Sternocleidomastoid

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Sternum and clavicle

 

Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone

 

Action:

One side: lateral flextion with rotation of head to opposite side

both sides: flexes head and neck

Term

Splenius capitis

 

Origin 

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae (the connective tissue covering the spinal processes of the cervical vertebrae)

 

Insertion: Occipital bone

 

Action: One side: turns head to same side (rotation)

 

Both sides: extends head & neck

Term

External intercostals

 

Action

Definition
Elevates ribs during normal inspiration
Term

Internal intercostals

 

Action

Definition
Depresses ribs during forced exhalation; antagonist to external intercostals
Term

Diaphram Attachment

 

Action

Definition

Central tendon

 

Contraction depresses (flattens) diaphrapm and expands the thoracic cavity during normal inspiration

Term

External obliques

 

Action

Definition

Both sides: flex vertebral column & compress abdominal wall

 

One side: lateral flexion of vertebral column

Term

Internal obliques

 

Action

Definition

Both sides: flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall

 

One side: lateral flexion of vertebral column

Term

Rectus abdominis

 

Action

Definition
flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall
Term

Transversus abdomins

 

Action

Definition

Both sides: flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall

 

One side: lateral flexion of vertebral column

Term

Trapezuis

 

Action

Definition

Superior: elevates clavicle; elevates, retracts, rotates scapula;

 

inferior; depresses, extends the head

Term

Serratus anterior

 

action

Definition
Protracts and stabilizes scapula
Term

Pectoralis minor

 

Action

Definition
Protracts and depresses scapula
Term

Supraspinatus

 

Action

Definition
Stabilize and rotate glenohumeral joint
Term

Infraspinatus

 

Action

Definition
Stabilize and rotate glenohumeral joint
Term

Subscapularis

 

Action

Definition
Stabilize and rotate glenohumeral joint
Term
Teres minor
Definition
Stabilize and rotate glenohumeral joint
Term

Teres major

 

 Action

Definition
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm
Term

Latissimus dorsi

 

Action

Definition

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

 

 draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly

(swimming, climbing rope, hammering)

Term

Deltoid

 

Action

Definition
Abducts, flexes, extends, and rotates arm
Term

Pectoralis major

 

Action

Definition
Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm
Term

Biceps brachii - Long Head

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

 

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

 

Action:

Flexes arm (glenohumeral joint)

flexes and supinates forearm (elbow joint)

Term

Biceps brachii - Short Head

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Orgin: Coracoid process of scapula

 

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

 

Action:

Flexes arm (glenohumeral joint)

flexes and supinates forearm (elbow joint)

Term

Coracobrachialis

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Coracoid process of scapula

 

Insertion: Medial shaft of humerus

 

Action: Adducts and flexes arm (glenohumeral joint)

Term

Brachialis

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Distal, anterior surface of humerus

 

Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna

 

Action: Flexes forearm (elbow joint)

Term

Triceps brachii - Long head

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle

 

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna

 

Action:

Extends forearm

assists in arm adduction and extension

stabilizes shoulder joint

Term

Triceps brachii - Lateral head

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Posterior shaft of humerus

 

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna

 

Action: Extends forearm

Term

Triceps brachii - Medial head

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Posterior shaft of humerus distal to radial groove

 

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna

 

Action: Extends forearm

Term

Pronator teres

 

Action

Attachment (origin)

Definition

Action: Pronates hand

 

Attachment: Medial epicondyle of humerus

Term

Flexor carpi radialis

 

Action

Attachment (origin)

Definition

Action: Flexes wrist and abducts hand

 

Attachment (origin): Medial epicondyle of humerus

Term

Palmaris longus

 

Action

Attachment (origin)

Definition

Action:

Weak wrist flexor

tenses fascia of palm

 

Attachment (origin): Medial epicondyle of humerus

Term

Flexor carpi ulnaris

 

Action

Attachment (origin)

Definition

Action: Flexes wrist and adducts hand

 

Attachment (origin): Medial epicondyle of humerus

Term

Flexor digitorum superficialis

 

Action

Attachment (origin)

Definition

Action: Flexes proximal interphalangeal joint

 

Attachment (origin): Medial epicondyle of humerus

Term

Brachioradialis

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

 

Insertion: Syloid process of radius

 

Action: Flexes forearm (elbow joint)

Term

Extensor carpi radialis longus

 

Action

Definition
Action: Extends wrist, abducts hand
Term

Extensor carpi ulnaris

 

Action

Definition
Action: Extends wrists, adducts hand
Term

Adbuctor pollicis longus

 

Action

Definition
Action: Abducts thumb; extends wrist
Term

Extensor pollicis longus

 

Action

Definition
Action: Extends MP and IP joints of thumb; extends wrist
Term

Sartoris

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Anterior/superior iliac spine

 

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity, medial side

 

Action:

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh

flexes leg and rotates leg medially (sitting crosslegged on floor)

Term

Rectus femoris

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Anterior/inferior iliac spine

 

Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon and      

           then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

 

Action: extends leg; flexes thigh

Term

Vastus lateralis

 

Insertion

Action

Definition

Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

 

Action: Extends leg

Term

Vastus medialis

 

Insertion

Action

Definition

Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

 

Action: Extends leg

Term

Vastus intermedius

 

Insertion

Action

Definition

Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon and then

            tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

 

Action: Extends leg

Term

lliacus

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: lliac fossa

 

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

 

Action: Flexes thigh

Term

Psoas major

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: T12 - L5 vertebrae

 

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

 

Action: Flexes thigh

Term

Pectineus

 

Action

Definition
Adducts thigh; flexes (weak) thigh
Term

Adductor longus

 

Action

Definition
Adducts thigh; flexes (weak) thigh
Term

Adductor brevis

 

 Action

Definition
Adducts thigh
Term

Adductor magnus

 

 Action

Definition
Adducts thigh; flexes or extends and laterally rotates thigh depending on starting position
Term

Gracilis

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Inferior ramus and body of pubis

 

Insertion: Upper medial surface of tibia

 

Action: Adducts & flexes (weak) thigh; flexes leg

Term

Semitendinous

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

 

Insertion: Proximal medial

 

Action: Extends thigh & flexes leg; medially rotates let

Term

Semimembranosus

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

 

Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia

 

Action: Extends thigh & flexes leg; medially rotates leg

Term

Biceps femoris (long head)

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Ishial tuberosity

 

Insertion: Head of fibula

 

Action: Extends thigh; flexes and laterally rotates leg

Term

Gluteus maximus

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: lliac crest, sacrum, coccyx

 

Insertion: lliotibial tract of tensor fascia lata

 

Action: Extends thigh; laterally rotates thigh

Term

Gluteus medius

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: lliac crest

 

Insertion: Greater trochaner of femur

 

Action: Abducts thigh; medally rotates thigh

Term

Gluteus minimus

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Lateral surface of ilium

 

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

 

Action: Abducts thigh; medially rotates thigh

Term

Tensor fascia latae

 

Origin

 Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: lliac crest & anterior superior iliac spine

 

Insertion: lliotibial tract

 

Action: Abducts thigh; medially rotates thigh

Term

Tibialis anterior

 

Origin

 Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia

 

Insertion: Metatarsal I and first (medial) cuneiform

 

Action: Dorsiflexes foot; inverts foot

Term

Extensor digitorum longus

 

Action

Definition
Extends toes 2-5; dorsiflexes foot
Term

Extensor hallucis longus

 

Action

Definition
Extends great toe; dorsiflexes foot
Term

Fibularis (peroneus) longus

 

Action

Definition
Everts foot; weak plantar flexor
Term

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis

 

Action

Definition
Everts foot; weak plantar flexor
Term

Gastrocnemius

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Lateral and medial condyles of femur

 

Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

 

Action: Plantar flexes foot and flexes leg

Term

Soleus

 

Origin

Insertion

Action

Definition

Origin: Head and proximal shaft of fibula; medial border of tibia

 

Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

 

Action: Plantar flexes foot

Term

Tibialis posterior

 

Action

Definition
Plantar flexes foot; inverts foot
Term

Flexor digitorum longus

 

Action

Definition
Plantar flexes foot; flexes MP, PIP, and DIP joints of toes 2-5
Term

Flexor hallucis longus

 

Action

Definition
Plantar flexes foot; flexes MP, PIP, and DIP, jonts of great toe
Term
The major function of the axial skeleton
Definition
  • Framework
  • Support
  • Protection

                                    of the organs

 

Term
Articulating Surface
Definition

The surface of a joint at which the ends of the bones meet.

 

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