Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Muscles
Selected cat and human muscles
63
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/15/2008

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Cards

Term
Sternomastoid (or sternocleidomastoid)
Definition

O: manubrium and medial end of clavicle

I: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone

A: lateral flexion, rotation of head to opposite side (unilateral action);

flexes neck (bilateral action)

Term
Sternohyoid
Definition

O: manubrium and medial end of clavicle

I: hyoid bone

A: depresses larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is fixed

Term
Digastric
Definition

O: lower margin of mandible (anterior belly) and mastoid process (posterior belly)

I: hyoid bone via fascia (CT) loop

A: raises hyoid bone, opens mouth, depresses mandible

Term
Mylohyoid
Definition

O: medial surface of mandible

I: hyoid bone

A: raises hyoid bone and base of tongue during swallowing

Term
Masseter
Definition

O: zygomatic arch and maxilla

I: ramus and angle of mandible

A: prime mover of jaw closure,

elevates mandible

Term
Orbicularis oris
Definition

O: maxilla and mandible;

blend with fibers from around mouth

I: muscle and skin around mouth

A: closes mouth, purses and protrudes lips

(kiss muscle)

Term
Orbicularis oculi
Definition

O: frontal and maxillary bones, ligaments around orbit

I: skin around eyelids

A: closes eyes, winking, blinking, squinting

(blink muscle)

Term
Temporalis
Definition

O: temporal lines on parietal bone

I: Coronoid process of mandible

A: raises and retracts mandible, closes jaw

Term
Clavotrapezius (cat)
Definition

O:

I: clavicle

A: extends humerus

Term
Acromiotrapezius (cat)
Definition

O: clavicle, cervical and t1 vertebrae

I: scapular spine

A: extend humerus

Term
Spinotrapezius (cat)
Definition

O: thoracic vertebrae

I: scapular spine

A: extends humerus

Term
Trapezius
Definition

O: occiptal bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of c7-t12

I: clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

A: (superior fibers) raise and superiorly rotate scapula; (middle fibers) retract scapula;

(inferior fibers) depress scapula

Term
Levator scapulae ventralis (cat)
Definition

O: occipital bone

I: vertebral border of scapula

A: elevates scapula

Term

Clavodeltoid, Acromiodeltoid,

Spinodeltoid (cat)

Definition

O:  clavicle, acromion and scapular spine

I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

A: abducts arm, raise and rotate humerus

Term
Deltoid
Definition

O: Acromial end of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

A: (anterior fibers) flex and medially rotate arm; (middle fibers) prime mover of arm abduction; (posterior fibers) extend and laterally rotate arm

Term
Splenius (capitis and cervicus)
Definition

O: ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of c7-t6

I: occipital bone, mastoid process of temporal bone, and transverse processes of c2-c4

A: turns or rotates head toward same side (unilateral action); extends and hyperextends head/neck

(bilateral action)

Term
Supraspinatus
Definition

O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

I: greater tubercle of humerus

A: abducts arm

Term
Infraspinatus
Definition

O: infraspinous fossa of scapula

I: greater tubercle of humerus

A: adducts and laterally rotates arm

Term
Subscapularis
Definition

O: subscapular fossa of scapula

I: lesser tubercle of humerus

A: medially rotates arm

Term
Rhomboid capitis (cat)
Definition

O: vertebrae

I: scapular spine

A: hold dorsal part of scapula to cat's back

Term
Rhomboideus
Definition

O: vertebrae

I: scapular spine

A: hold dorsal part of scapula to cat's back

Term
Latissimus dorsi
Definition

O: spinous process of t7-t12, lumbar vertebrae, ribs 8-12, iliac crest

I: intertubercular groove of humerus

A: prime mover of arm extension, adducts and medially rotates arm (swimmer's muscle)

Term
Teres major
Definition

O: lateral border and inferior angle of scapula

I: lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove of humerus

A: extends, adducts and medially rotates arm

Term
Pectoantebrachialis (cat)
Definition

O: manubrium

I: humerus

A: adduct arm

Term
Pectoralis major
Definition

O: medial clavicle, body of sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1-6, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

I: intertubercular groove of humerus

A: prime mover of arm flexion, adducts and medially rotates arm

Term
Pectoralis minor
Definition

O: anterior surface of ribs 3-5 near costal cartilage

I: coracoid process of scapula

A: protracts and depresses scapula

Term
Xiphihumeralis (cat)
Definition

O: xiphoid process

I: humerus

A: adducts arm

Term
External intercostals
Definition

O: inferior border of superior rib

I: superior border of inferior rib

A: elevates rib cage during inhalation

Term
Internal intercostals
Definition

O: superior border of inferior rib

I: inferior border of superior rib

A: depresses rib cage during forced exhalation (antagonistic to external intercostals)

Term
Serratus ventralis (or anterior)
Definition

O: lateral aspect of ribs 1-8

I: medial border and anterior surface of scapula

A: prime mover in scapula protraction, superiorly rotates scapula, stabilizes scapula

Term
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior)
Definition

O: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

I: superior surface of ribs 1-2

A: flex neck, elevates ribs 1-2 during forced inhalation

Term
Epitrochlearis (cat)
Definition

O: facsia of latissimus dorsi

I: olecranon process of ulna

A: extends forelimb of cat

Term
Biceps brachii
Definition

O: (short head) coracoid process of scapula,

(long head) intertubercular sulcus of humerus

I: radial tuberosity

A: flexion of elbow, supinates forearm

Term
Triceps brachii
Definition

O: (long head) glenoid cavity; (lateral head) posterior humerus; (medial head) distal radial groove of posterior humerus

I: olecranon process of ulna

A: extends forearm

Term
Pronator teres
Definition

O: medial epicondyle of humerus,

coronoid process of ulna

I: lateral surface of radius

A: pronates forearm

Term
Linea alba
Definition
separates rectus abdominis muscles
Term
External oblique
Definition

O: Anterior surface of inferior eight ribs

I: linea alba, pubic crest and iliac crest

A: flexes and rotates vertebral column

Term
Internal oblique
Definition

O: Lumbar fascia, iliac crest and inguinal ligament

I: Linea alba, pubic crest, costal cartilage of ribs 8-10

A: flexes and rotates vertebral column

Term
Transverse (or transversus) abdominis
Definition

O: lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament, cartilages of inferior six ribs

I: linea alba and pubic crest

A: compresses abdominal contents

Term
Rectus abdominis
Definition

O: pubic crest and symphysis

I: xiphoid process and costal cartilage of ribs 5-7

A: flexes vertebral column

Term
Sartorius
Definition

O: anterior superior iliac spine

I: medial side of tibial tuberosity

A: flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee

Term
Gracilis
Definition

O: inferior ramus and body of pubis

I: medial surface of tibia just inferior to medial condyle

A: adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg, especially during walking

Term
Biceps femoris
Definition

O: (long head) ischial tuberosity;

(short head) linea aspera and distal femur

I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

A: extends thigh, laterally rotates leg, flexes knee

Term
Semimembranosus
Definition

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial condyle of tibia, lateral condyle of femur

A: extends thigh, flexes knee, medially rotates leg

Term
Semitendinosus
Definition

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial aspect of upper tibial shaft

A: extends thigh, flexes knee, medially rotates leg

Term
Adductor femoris (cat)
Definition

O: pubic ramus and ischium

I: femoral shaft

A: extend and adduct thigh

Term
Adductor longus
Definition

O: pubic bone

I: proximal surface of femur

A: adducts, flexes thigh

Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition

O: lateral and medial condyles of femur

I: calcaneus

A: plantar flexes foot, flexes leg

Term
Soleus
Definition

O: head and proximal shaft of fibula

and medial border of tibia

I: calcaneus

A: plantar flexes foot

Term
Calcaneal tendon of Achilles
Definition

O:

I:

A: Plantar flexes foot

Term
Iliopsoas (Psoas major)
Definition

O: transverse processes of t1-t12

and lumbar vertebrae

I: medial aspect of proximal femur

A: flexes and laterally rotates thigh

Term
Pectineus
Definition

O: pubis

I: proximal end of femur

A: adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

Term

Peroneus muscles

(fibularis longus, fibularis brevis, fibularis tertius) 

Definition

O: fibula

I: (longus) metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform

(brevis) proximal end of metatarsal 5

(tertius) dorsum of metatarsal 5

A: plantar flexes foot, everts foot

Term
Extensor digitorum longus
Definition

O: lateral condyle of tibia, proximal three-quarters of fibula, interosseous membrane

I: tendon divides into four parts, inserts into middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5

A: toe extension, dorsiflexion

Term
Tibialis anterior
Definition

O: lateral condyle and upper two-thirds of tibia, interosseous membrane

I: by tendon into inferior surface of first cuniform and metatarsal 1

A: dorsiflexion, inverts foot, supports longitudinal arch of foot

Term
Rectus femoris
Definition

O: iliac spine and acetabulum

I: tibial tuberosity and patella

A: extends knee and flexes thigh at hip

Term
Vastus medialis
Definition

O: linea aspera and intertrochanteric line

I: tibial tuberosity and patella

A: extends knee, stabilizes patella

Term
Vastus lateralis
Definition

O: greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line,

linea aspera

I: tibial tuberosity and patella

A: extends and stabilizes knee

Term
Vastus intermedius
Definition

O: anterior and lateral surface of femur

I: tibial tuberosity and patella

A: extends knee

Term
Tensor fascia latae
Definition

O: anterior aspect of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine

I: Iliotibial tract (lateral portion of fascia lata)

A: Flexes, adducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies trunk

Term
Caudofemoralis (cat)
Definition

O: caudal vertebrae

I:  patella via an aponeurosis

A: adducts thigh, flexes vertebral column

Term
Gluteus maximus
Definition

O: dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx

I: gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract

A: thigh extensor, antagonist of iliopsoas,

laterally rotates and abducts thigh

Term
Gluteus medius
Definition

O: upper lateral surface of ilium

I: greater trochanter of femus

A: abducts and medially rotates thigh;

steadies pelvis during walking

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