Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Muscles
Muscle Actions and Innervations
128
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/23/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Funtions of Axial Muscles
Definition
Stabilizes and move the head, facial expression, moves the thoracic cage for breathing
Term

Facial Nerve

(Cranial Nerve 7)

Definition
  • Occipitofrontalis
  • Epicranial Aponeurosis 
  • Orbicularis Oculi 
  • Orbicularis Oris
  • Zygomaticus Minor 
  • Zygomaticus Major 
  • Platysma
  • Levator Labii Superioris 
  • Buccinator 
  • Depressor Anguli Oris 
Term
Location of Zygomaticus Muscles
Definition
  • Zygomaticus Major: Located more laterally
  • Zygomaticus Minor: Located more medially 
Term
Muscles of Facial Expression: Action
Definition
  • Occipitalfrontalis: Raise the eye brows 
  • Orbicularis Oculi: Winking and closing the eye 
  • Buccinator + Orbicularis Oris: Holding air in, inflating cheeks. 
  • Zygomaticus Major + Minor: Moves lips to one side 
  • Levator Labii Superious + Depressor Labii: Grr face
  • Orbicularis Oculi: Kissy face
  • Depressor Anguli labii: Frown 
  • Playma: Contraction of neck
Term

Trigeminal Nerve 

(Cranial Nerves 5) 

Definition
  • Temporalis 
  • Masseter
Term
Temporalis & Masseter
Definition
  • Moves the mandible
  • elevates and retracts the mandible. 
  • CN5
  • The mandible is the insertion
  • The temporal bone is the orgin- because it does not move
Term
Buccinator
Definition
  • Facial expression muscle but helps with mastication
  • Moves food from cheeks to teeth
  • Important for infants shocking 
Term
Extrinsic Ey Muscles
Definition
  • Superior Rectus 
  • Inferior Rectus 
  • Lateral Rectus
  • Medial Rectus
  • Superior Oblique: Moves eye down and lateral 
  • Inferior Oblique: Up and lateral 
Term
Cranial Nerve 3, 4, 6
Definition
  • All extrinsic eye muscles
Term
Mylohyoid
Definition
  • Mandible to Hyoid 
  • Supports the floor of your mouth 
  • Depresses Mandible and elevates hyoid
Term
Digastric
Definition
  • Two Orgins: Mastoid Process (posterior) and Mandible (anterior)
  • Insertion on the hyoid
  • Depresses the mandible  
Term
Stylohyoid
Definition
  • Orgin at the styloid process
  • Insertion at the hyoid bone 
Term
Omohyoid
Definition
  • Origin: Shoulder/clavicle 
  • Insertion: Hyoid 
  • Depress hyoid because it is below hyoid
Term
Sternohyoid
Definition
  • Origin at the sternum specifically the manubrium
  • Depresses the hyoid (below the hyoid)
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
  • Origin at the clavicle and sternum 
  • Insetion in the mastoid process 
  • All together: the action is lateral flexion of the neck
  • One side contracts: turns face opposite way- rotation
Term
Scalenes
Definition
  • Orgin: Transverse and costal process 
  • Insertion: Superior surface of first and second ribs
  • When one side contracts: bends neck and rotates to the opposite side 
  • Together they elevate ribs and flex the neck
Term
External Intercostal Muscles
Definition
  • Decreases distance between the ribs when inhalation
  • Elevates the ribs 
Term

Internal Intercostal Muscles: 

 

Definition
  • Letting air out bring rib cage back out. 
  • Depress ribs
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
  • Takes up the thorax and abdominal regions 
  • Huge dome 
  • Right dome is higher than left dome because of the liver
  • Important for breathing
  1. Inspiration Maximum: Diaphragm is contracted. The diaphragm is pulled down to allow air to enter the lungs
  2. Expiration: Diaphragm relaxes 
Term
Intrinsic Muscles
Definition
  • Orginate from the vertebrae or ribs 
  • Insert on the vertebrae or rib 
  • Moves the trunk
Term
Thoracolumbar Fascia
Definition
  • Big sheet that seperates the intrinsic muscles from the extrinsic muscles 
Term
Splenius Capitis
Definition
  • This is a neck muscle 
  • It attaches to the back of the head 
  • Both sides contracts: Extension
  • One side contracts: lateral flexion
Term
Muscles in the Errector Spinae Group
Definition
Spinalis, Longissimus, and Iliocostalis
Term
Action of Errector Spinae Group
Definition
  • If all the muscles contract: extension, pull back and standing upright position
  • If on the Iliocostalis and Longissium Contract: Helps the body bend to the side or rotate 
Term

Abdominal Muscles:

 The Anterior Wall 

Definition
  • External Oblique: fibers are going to hand of pockets; Tendon raps around the rectus abdominis
  • Internal Oblique:  Fibers are going the opposite directions 
  • Transversus Abdominis: Transverse fibers; rectus sheet surronds the rectus abdominis
  • Rectus Abdominis 
Term

Abdominal Muscle:

Posterior Wall

Definition
  • Psoas Major: Postural muscle, helps the body not fall forward. Muscle attaches to femur.
  • Iliacus: Located in the illiac fossa
  • Quadratus Lumborum: Four sides to the muscle insertion at the lumbar region to origin in the pelvic 
  • Transversus Abdominis
Term
Torso Flexion
Definition
  • Starting bended Backwards going to upright position
  • Psoas Major 
  • Rectus Abdominis
Term
Torso Extension
Definition
  • Starting from bended forward position going to upright position
  • Errector Spinae Group
Term
Torso Lateral Flexion
Definition
  • External Oblique (anterior part)
  • Internal Oblique (anterior part)
  • Internal Oblique and External Oblique (Lateral Part)
  • Quadratus Lumborum 
Term
Innervation of Muscles for the Upper Limb
Definition
C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
Term
Brachial Plexus Nerve
Definition
  • Axillary Nerve
  • Musculocutaneous Nerve
  • Radial Nerve 
  • Ulna Nerve 
  • Median Nerve

 

Term
Musculocutaneous Nerve
Definition
Infront of the Humerus
Term
Radial Nerve
Definition
Ends at the radius
Term
Medial Nerve
Definition
Middle of the arm all the way down the arm
Term
Trapezius
Definition
  • Insertion on the scapula and clavicle 
  • Retracting the scapula= pulling shoulder back
  • Elevate scapula and clavicle 
Term
Elevates Scapula
Definition
  • Trapezius 
  • Levator Scapulae= attaches to the cervical vertebrae
Term
Retracts Scapula
Definition
  • Rhomboids major and minor= they also are between the scapula and spine 
Term
Protract Scapula
Definition
  • Pectoralis Minor 
  • Serratus Anterior 
Term
Depresses Scapula
Definition
Pectoralis Minor
Term
Pectoralis Minor
Definition
  • Depresses Scapula 
  • Protracts Scapula 
Term
Deltoid
Definition
  • Innervation: Axillary Nerve
  • Abducts arm 
  • Insertion: deltoid tuberosity 
Term
Abducts Arm
Definition
Deltoid
Term
Adducts Arm
Definition
  • Latissimus Dorsi
  • Pectoralis Major 
Term
Extends Arm
Definition
Lattisimus dorsi
Term
Latissimus Dorsi
Definition
  • Extends Arm 
  • Adducts Arm 
Term
Medially Rotates Arm
Definition
  • Pectoralis Major
  • Teres Major 
Term
Pectoralis Major
Definition
  • Adducts arm
  • Medially rotates arm 
Term
Rotator Cuff Muscle
Definition
  • Supraspinatus 
  • Infraspinatus 
  • Teres Minor 
  • Subcapularis 
Term
Lateral Rotators
Definition
  • Supraspinatus 
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres minor 
Term
Medial Rotator
Definition
Subscapularis
Term
Posterior Compartment of the Arm
Definition
Radial Nerve
Term
Anterior Compartment of the arm
Definition
musculocataneous nerve
Term
Flexes Arm
Definition
  • Coracobrachialis
  • Biceps Brachii
Term
Flexes Forearm
Definition
  • Biceps Brachii
  • Brachialis
Term
Biceps Brachii
Definition
  • Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
  • Actions: Flexes forearm, flexes arm, and helps hold the humeral head in glenoid fossa
Term
Extends Forearm
Definition
  • Triceps Brachii 
Term
Brachialis
Definition

Innervation: Musculocataneous Nerve

Flexes Forearm 

Crosses the elbow joint 

Term
Triceps Brachii
Definition
  • Innervation: Radial Nerve
  • Action: Extends forearm, and adducts arm
  • Long head, Lateral Head, Medial Head
Term
Posterior Compartment of Forearm
Definition
Radial Nerve
Term

Deep Anterior Compartment/ 

Superficial Anterior Compartment 

Definition
Median and Ulnar Nerve
Term
Innervation by Ulnar Nerve:
Definition
  • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris 
  • Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Term
Innervation by the Median Nerve
Definition
  • Pronator tere
  • Flexor Carpi Radialis 
  • Palmaris longus 
  • Flexor digitorum superficialis 
  • Flexor pollicis longus 
  • pronator quadratus 
Term
Pronator teres
Definition
Pronates the forearm
Term
Palmaris longus
Definition
Flexes wrist
Term
Flexor carpi radialis
Definition

Flexes and abducts hand at the wrist 

Going down the radius 

Term
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
Flexor and adducts hand at the wrist
Term
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Definition

flexes phalanges of digits 2-5

Curling fingers 

Term
Flexor digitorum profundus
Definition

Flexes phalanges of digits 2-5

 

Term
Flexor pollicis longus
Definition
Flexes pollex
Term
Pronator quadratus
Definition

Pronates forearm 

Going across radius and ulna

Term
Radial Nerve
Definition
  • Extensor Carpi ulnaris 
  • Extensor digitorum
  • Extensor digiti minimi
  • Supinator
  • Abductor pollicis longs 
  • Extensor pollicis longus and brevis 
  • Extensor Indicis
  • Braciaoradialis 
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus 
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Definition
  • Extends and adducts hand at the wrist
Term
Extensor digitorum
Definition
extends phalanges of digits 2-5
Term
Extensor digiti minimi
Definition
Extends phalanges of digits 5
Term
Supinator
Definition
Supinates forearm
Term
Abductor pollicis longus
Definition
Abducts phalanges of pollex
Term
Extensor Pollicis longus and brevis:
Definition
Extends phalanges of the pollex
Term
Extensor Indicis
Definition
Extends phalanges of digit 2
Term
Brachioradialis
Definition
Flexes forearm
Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
Definition
Extends and abducts hand at the wrist
Term
Flexor Retinaculum
Definition

Flexor Tendon sheaths 

Anterior View

Term
Extensor Reticulum
Definition

Extensor tendon sheaths 

Posterior view

Term
The carpal tunnel
Definition
Median nerve
Term
Anatomical Snuffbox
Definition
  • Extensor pollicis longus tendon 
  • Extensor pollicis brevis tendon 
Term
Lower Limb Innervation
Definition

Femoral Nerve: Stays infront of femur 

Obturator Nerve: Anterior passes through obturator foramen 

Sciatic Nerve: Back of the thigh and splits into tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

Common fibular nerve divides into two nerves Superficial fibular nerve and Deep fibular nerve

Term
Gluteal Compartment
Definition

Gluteus Maximus 

Gluteus Medius 

Gluteus Minimus 

Tensor Fasciae Lata

Term
Gluteus Minimus
Definition
Located below the gluteus medius
Term
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Definition
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimis, and tensor of the fascia lata
Term
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Definition
Gluteus Maximus
Term
Gluteus Maximus
Definition
Extends and Abducts the thigh
Term
Gluteus Medius and minimis
Definition
Abduct and medially rotate thigh
Term
All other muscles in the gluteal compartment
Definition
Laterally rotate thigh, steady head of the femur in the hip joint
Term
Posterior Compartment of the Thigh
Definition
Sciatic Nerve
Term
Medial Compartment of the thigh
Definition
Obturator and Femoral Nerve
Term
Anterior Compartment of the thigh
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
Iliopsoas
Definition

Innervation Femoral nerve

Flexes thigh

 

Term

Quadriceps Femoris Group

 

Definition

Vastus Intermedius 

Vastus Lateralis

Vastus Medialis

Rectus Femoris 

Term
Rectus Femoris
Definition

Attaches to the tibia eventually crosses bothe the hip and knee joints

Innervation: Femoral Nerve

Extends leg and flexes thigh

Term
Quadriceps femoris
Definition

Femoral nerve 

Extends leg

Term
Sartorius
Definition

Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh 

Tailor muslce and leg cross position

Term
Adducts thigh
Definition

Adductor brevis 

Adductor longus 

gracilis

Adductor magnus- biggest of medial muscles

Adductor hiatus

Term
Adductor Hiatus
Definition
Through femoral artery and vein travel way to hte leg
Term
Obturator Nerve
Definition

Adductor brevis 

Adductor longus 

gracilis

Adductor magnus

Adductor hiatus

Term
Femoral nerve
Definition
Pectineus muscle
Term
Addutor Magnus
Definition
Adducts, flexes and extends thigh
Term
Muscles of Hamstrings
Definition

Semitendinosus

Biceps Femoris (short and long head)

Semimembranosus 

 

Term
Hamstring Information
Definition

Innervation: Sciatic nerve

Actions: Extend thigh and flex leg 

A lot of the muscles cross both the hip and knee joint

Term
Superficial/Deep Posterior Compartment of Leg
Definition
Tibial Nerve
Term
Lateral Compartments of the leg
Definition
Superficial fibular nerve
Term
Anterior Compartment of the leg
Definition
Deep fibular Nerve
Term

TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

Definition

Attaches to the tarsals- only muscles that does not go to the toes

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Inverts foot

 

Term

EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS

Definition

Keeps toe straight only going to the hallux

Extends hallux

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term
Extensor digitorum longus
Definition

Extends digits 2-5

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve

Term
Dorsiflex Foot
Definition

Tibialis anterior 

Extensor hallucis longus 

Extendor digitorum longus

Term
Fibularis Longus and Brevis
Definition

Attaching to the lateral side of the tarsal bones 

Evert foot

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve

Term
Gastrocnemius
Definition

Flexes Leg

Innervation: Tibial nerve

Term
Gastrocnemius+Soleus
Definition

Plantarflex foot

Tibial nerve

Term
Plantaris
Definition

Plantarflexes foot 

Proprioceptor 

Tibial nerve

Term

TIBIALIS POSTERIOR- 

Definition

does not go to toes

Tibial nerve

Inverts foot and plantarflexes 

Term

Popliteus 

 

Definition

Unlocks fully extended knee

Tibial Nerve

Term
Flexor digitorum longus
Definition
Flexes digits 2-5
Term
Flexor hallucis longus
Definition
flexes hallux
Supporting users have an ad free experience!