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Muscles Part 2
Human Anatomy - Dr. Gardner
98
Anatomy
Not Applicable
10/26/2011

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Term
Muscles of the pectoral girdle and upper extremity may be classified into what five groups?
Definition
Intrinsic muscles of the hand
Muscles that move the:
Pectoral Girdle
Glenohumero Joint
Wrist joint, hands and fingers
Term
Pectorals Minor: Origin
Definition
Sternal ends of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs
Term
Pectoralis Minor: Insertion
Definition
Coracoid process of the scapula
Term
Pectoralis Minor: Action
Definition
Pulls scapula forward and downward
Term
Serratus Anterior: Origin
Definition
External surfaces oflateral parts of ribs 1-8/9
Term
Serratus Anterior: Insertion
Definition
Anterior vertebral border of the scapula
Term
Serratus Anterior: Action
Definition
Pulls scapula forward and downward
Term
Trapezius: Origin
Definition
Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, and spines of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae
Term
Trapezius: Insertion
Definition
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula
Term
Trapezius: Action
Definition
Elevates, retracts and rotates scapula;
Superior fibers elevate;
Middle fibers retract;
inferior fibers depress scapula;
Superior and inferior fibers work together in superior rotation of scapula
Term
Levator Scapulae: Origin
Definition
Posterior tubercles of transverse process of C1-C4
Term
Levator Scapulae: Insertion
Definition
Superior part of verebral border of scapula
Term
Levator Scapulae: Action
Definition
Elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
Term
Rhomboieus Minor: Origin
Definition
Inferior portion of nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T1
Term
Rhomboieus Minor: Insertion
Definition
Vertebral border of the scapula just below the level of the spine
Term
Rhomboideus Minor: Action
Definition
Adducts scapula and rotates it
Term
Rhomboidus Major: Origin
Definition
Spinous Process of T2-T5
Term
Rhomboideus Major: Insertion
Definition
Vertebral border of the scapula from the inferior border of the rhomboideus minor to the inferior angle of the scapula
Term
Rhomboideus Major: Action
Definition
Adducts scapula and rotates it to depress clenoid cavity
Term
Latissimus Dorsi: Origin
Definition
Spines of sacral, lumbar, and lower thoracic vertebrae;
iliac cres and lower 4 ribs
Term
Latissimus Dorsi: Insertion
Definition
Intertubular groove of the humerus
Term
Latissimus Dorsi: Action
Definition
Extends, adducts and rotates jumerus medially;
Retracts shoulder
Term
Pectoralis Major: Origin, Clavicular Head
Definition
Anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Term
Pectoralis Major: Origin, Sternocostal Head
Definition
Anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages and aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique
Term
Pectoralis Major: Insertion
Definition
Crest of greater tubercle of humerous
Term
Pectoralis Major: Action
Definition
Adducts and medially rotates humerus;
Draws shoulder joint anterioly and inferiorly
Term
Deltoid: Origin
Definition
Clavicle, acromion process, spine of the scapula
Term
Deltoid: Insertion
Definition
Deltoid tuberosity o the humerus
Term
Deltoid: Action, Anterior Part
Definition
Flexes and medially rotates arm
Term
Deltoid: Action, Middle Part
Definition
Abducts arm
Term
Deltoid: Action, Posterior Part
Definition
Extends and laterally rotates arm
Term
Coracobrachialis: Origin
Definition
Coracoid process of the scapula
Term
Coracobrachialis: Insertion
Definition
Middle third of medial surface of humerus
Term
Coracobrachialis: Action
Definition
Flexes and adducts arm at shoulder joint
Term
Teres Major: Origin
Definition
Inferior angle and lateral border of scapula
Term
Teres Major: Insertion
Definition
Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Term
Teres Major: Action
Definition
Medially rotates and adducts arm
Term
Subscapularis: origin
Definition
Subscapular Fossa
Term
Subscapularis: Insertion
Definition
Lesser tubercle of humerus
Term
Subscapularis: Action
Definition
Extends humerus, adducts and rotates arm medially
Term
Supraspinatus: Origin
Definition
Suprspinous fossa of the scapula
Term
Supraspinatus: Insertion
Definition
Greater tubeucle of the humerus
Term
Supraspinatus: Action
Definition
Abducts and laterally rotates humerus
Term
Infraspinatus: Origin
Definition
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Term
Infraspinatus: Insertion
Definition
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Term
Infraspinatus: Action
Definition
Rotates arm laterally
Term
Teres Minor: Origin
Definition
Superior part of axillary border of scapula
Term
Teres Minor: Insertion
Definition
Greater tubercle of humerus
Term
Teres Minor: Action
Definition
Rotates arm laterally
Term
List the four muscles that make up the rotator cuff
Definition
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Term
What is the main funtion of the rotator cuff?
Definition
To hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity during movements of the shoulder joint
Term
What separates the limbs into compartments?
Definition
Deep Fascia
Term
What two compartments occour in the brachium?
Definition
Anterior (Flexor) Compartment
Posterior (Extensor) Compartment
Term
Biceps Brachii: Origin, Short Head
Definition
Coracoid process of scapula
Term
Biceps Brachii: Origin, Long Head
Definition
Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Term
Biceps Brachii: Insertion
Definition
Radial tuberosiy and facia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
Term
Biceps Brachii: Action
Definition
Flexes and supinates forearm
Term
Brachialis: Origin
Definition
Distal half of anterior shaft of the humerus
Term
Brachialis: Insertion
Definition
Coronoid process of the ulna
Term
Brachialis: Action
Definition
Flexes the elbow
Term
Brachioradialis: Origin
Definition
Proximal two thirds of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Term
Brachioradialis: Insertion
Definition
Lateral surface of distal end of radius
Term
Brachioradialis: Action
Definition
Flexes elbow
Term
Triceps Brachii: Origin, Long Head
Definition
Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Term
Triceps Brachii: Origin, Lateral head
Definition
Posterior surface of humerus superior to radial nerve groove
Term
Triceps Brachii: Origin, Medial Head
Definition
Posterior surface of humerus inferior to the radial nerve groove
Term
Triceps Brachii: Insertion
Definition
Olecranon process of the ulna
Term
Triceps Brachii: Action
Definition
Extends forearm;
Long head steadies head of abducted humerus
Term
Pronator Teres: Origin
Definition
Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna
Term
Pronator Teres: Insertion
Definition
Middle of lateral surface of the radius
Term
Pronator Teres: Action
Definition
Pronates forearm
Term
Pronator Quadratus: Orighin
Definition
Distal fourth of anterior surface of ulna
Term
Pronator Quadratus: Insertion
Definition
Distal fourth of anterior surface of radius
Term
Pronator Quadratus: Action
Definition
Pronates Hand
Term
Supinator: Origin
Definition
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and crest of the ulna
Term
Supinator: Insertion
Definition
Lateral surface of the proximal third of the radius
Term
Supinator: Action
Definition
Supinates forearm
Term
Identify the group of muscles in the anterior forearm.
Definition
Flexors
Term
Extensors: Origin
Definition
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus;
Posterior surfaces of radius and ulna;
Interosseous membrane
Term
Extensors: Insertion
Definition
Carpals, Metacarpals, and Phalanges
Term
Extensors: Action
Definition
Extend wrist and digits
Term
Flexors: Origin
Definition
Medial epicondyles of the humerus;
Proximal ulna nad radius;
Interosseous mebrane
Term
Flexors: Insertion
Definition
Carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges
Term
Flexors: Action
Definition
Flex wrist and digits
Term
What is another name for the flexor retinaculum of the wrist?
Definition
Carpal Ligament
Term
The flexor retinaculum of the wrist and the arch of the carpals form what strucure?
Definition
Carpal Tunnel
Term
What group of muscles forms the thick, fleshy mass at the base of the thumb and work to abduct, flex, or oppose the thumb?
Definition
Thenar Group
Term
What group of muscles forms the small fleshy mass at the base of the fifth digit of the hand and work to abduct, flex, and oppose the 5th digit?
Definition
Hypothenar Group
Term
Within the hand, what group of muscles lies between the 1st and 5th digits?
Definition
Midpalmar Group
Term
Lumbrical Muscles: Origins
Definition
Tendons of a flexor which sends a tendon to the distal phalanx of digits 2-5
Term
Lumbrical Muscles: Insertions
Definition
Lateral sides of extensor expansions of digits 2-5
Term
Lumbrical Muscles: Action
Definition
Flex digits at metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints
Term
Dorsal Interossei: Origin
Definition
Adjacent sides of two meta carpal bones
Term
Dorsal Interossei: Insertion
Definition
Extensor expansions and bases of proximal phlanges of digits 2-4
Term
Dorsal Interossei: Action
Definition
Abducts Digits 2-4
Term
Palmar Interossei: Origins
Definition
Palmar surfaces of metacarpals 2, 4, and 5
Term
Palmar Interossei: Insertion
Definition
Extensor expansions of digits and bases of proximal phalanges of digits 2, 4, and 5
Term
Palmar Interossei: Action
Definition
Adduct digits 2, 4, and 5
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