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Muscles of the neck
posterior triangle and its contents
29
Anatomy
Graduate
06/30/2011

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Cards

Term
Superficial muscles of the neck
Definition

platysma

sternocleidomastoid

Term
Platysma Origin
Definition
fascia and skin over pectoralis major and deltoid muscles
Term
Platysma Insertion
Definition
inferior border of mandible and skin over lower face
Term
Platysma Innervation
Definition
cervical branch of the facial nerve 7
Term
Platysma Function (2)
Definition

tenses skin of neck

retracts and depresses the angle of the mouth

Term
Sternocleidomastoid Origin (2)
Definition

upper part of the anterior surface of the manubrium sterni

medial third of the clavicle

Term
Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
Definition

mastoid process of the temporal bone

superior nuchal line

Term
Sternocleidomastoid Innervation
Definition

spinal part of the accessory nerve 11

ventral ramus of c2

Term
Sternocleidomastoid Function (2)
Definition

laterally bends head to  same side

rotates head so face turns superiorly to opposite side

Term
Which muscle divides the side of the neck into anterior and posterior triangles?
Definition
Sternocleidomastoid
Term
What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle (5)
Definition
  • Anteriorly - posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
  • Posteriorly - anterior border of trapezius
  • Inferiorly - middle 1/3 of clavicle
  • Roof - deep fascia, superficial fascia, platysma, skin
  • Floor - splenius capitis, levator scapulae, scalenus medius, and scalenus posterior
Term
Scalenus Posterior Origin
Definition
posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the 4th, 5th, and 6th cervical vertebrae
Term
Scalenus Posterior Insertion
Definition
2nd rib
Term
Scalenus Posterior Innervation
Definition
ventral primary rami of c6-c8
Term
Scalenus Posterior Function (2)
Definition

raises the 2nd rib

flexes the cervical region of spinal column

Term
Scalenus Medius Origin
Definition
posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of all the cervical vertebrae
Term

Scalenus Medius Insertion

Definition
upper surface of the 1st rib
Term

Scalenus Medius Innervation

Definition
branches of the lower cervical spinal nerves
Term

Scalenus Medius Function (2)

Definition

Raises 1st rib

flexes cervical region of spinal column

Term

Scalenus Anterior Origin

Definition
anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th cervical vertebrae
Term

 

Scalenus Anterior Insertion

 

Definition
scalene tubercle on inner border of 1st rib
Term

 

Scalenus Anterior Innervation

 

Definition
branches of the lower cervical spinal nerves
Term

 

Scalenus Anterior Function

 

Definition
raises the 1st rib and rotates the rib
Term
Which muscle divides the posterior triangle into a large occipital and a small supraclavicular triangle?
Definition
inferior belly of the Omohyoid
Term
Omohyoid Muscle Origin
Definition

inferior belly - upper border of scapula ending in a tendon under stern mastoid muscle

Superior belly - extends upward from this tendon

Term
Omohyoid Muscle Insertion
Definition
hyoid bone
Term
Omohyoid Muscle Innervation
Definition
c1-c3
Term
Nerves of the posterior triangle (7)
Definition
  • accessory - divides the triangle into equal superior and inferior; supplies the sternocleidomastoid then passes postero-inferiorly to disappear deep to the trapeius
  • lesser occipital - ascends along the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid; divides to supply skin of neck and scalp
  • great auricular - ascends on sternocleidomastoid; supplies skin of neck and behind ear
  • transverse cervical - passes transversely across the sternocleidomastoid to supply skin over anterior triangle
  • supraclavicular - single trunk which divices into medial intermediate, and lateral branches; supplies skin overanterior chest and shoulder
  • phrenic - descends on scalenus anterior to enter the thorax
  • brachial plexus - supraclavicular part in posterior triangle; lies anterior to the scalenus medius muscle 
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