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Muscle Tissue
info on muscle tissue not visual identification
52
Anatomy
12th Grade
12/06/2007

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Term
myology
Definition
the study of muscles
Term
average muscle tissue percentage of total body mass in men
Definition
40%
Term
average muscle tissue percentage of total body mass in women
Definition
35%
Term
muscle tissue comprises about ___% of total body mass on average
Definition
30-50%
Term
3/4ths of muscle mass is ...
Definition
water weight
Term
___% of a muscle's mass are the contractile proteins ____ and _____
Definition
20%; actin; myosin
Term
types of muscle tissue
Definition
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Term
this tissue is associated with muscles that are attached to bones by tendons that permit body movement or locomotion
Definition
skeletal
Term
voluntary muscle
Definition
large groups of muscle tissue that are innervated (stimulated) to execute precise movement subconsciously
Term
skeletal tissue is _____ which refers to the banding pattern that is seen microscopically
Definition
striated
Term
each muscle fiber (cell) has thousands of ______ to perform the overwhelming tasks of such large cells
Definition
mitonchondrid
Term
this muscle tissue is not striated
Definition
smooth
Term
skeletal tissue contains _______ to_______ of nuclei
Definition
dozen to hundreds
Term
this muscle tissue contracts automatically
Definition
cardiac
Term
when a tissue contract through vagus nerve impulses generated by the brain stem and thusly requires no conscious thought it is termed ______
Definition
involuntary muscle tissue
Term
cardiac muscle also possesses a much higher concentration (per cell size) of ____________ to meet the nonstop need for ____ energy to keep the heart beating
Definition
mitochondrion; ATP
Term
smooth muscle tissue is ____________
Definition
involuntary
Term
smooth can be found in the _____, ______, _______, and _______
Definition
digestive tract, bladder, bronchial passageways, and blood vessels
Term
smooth muscle is employed in areas that need to ___________ or __________
Definition
stretch or expand
Term
muscle tissue functions
Definition
movement, maintain posture, stabilizing joints, generating body heat
Term
how cardiac muscle uses movement
Definition
this muscle contracts and peristaltic wave motion forces blood through the vessels
Term
how smooth muscle tissues uses movement
Definition
this muscle contracts and peristaltic waves are conducted along the entire length of the digestive tract as well as the ureter connecting the kidneys to the bladder
Term
maintaining posture
Definition
slight tonic contractions that maintain muscle tension and balance (tonace)
Term
stabilizing joints
Definition
along with ligaments muscles help joint alignment
Term
generating body heat
Definition
through muscle physiology to help maintain a near perfect resting 98.6 degrees fahrenheit
Term
characteristics of muscle tissue
Definition
excitability (irritability), contractility, extensibility, elasticity
Term
excitability (irritability)
Definition
the ability of muscle tissue to respond to a stimulis
Term
contractility
Definition
the ability of the muscle to shorten - contract
Term
extensibility
Definition
the ability of the muscles to stretch
Term
elasticity
Definition
the ability of muscle to return to its original shape
Term
the tendon of origin
Definition
is usually attached to bones that remain stationary during a desired action. these tendons tend to be short and broad
Term
tendon of insertion
Definition
is usually attached to bones that are movable during a desired action these tendons are typically long and narrow
Term
the belly
Definition
the contractile portion of the muscle
Term
tendons
Definition
a collection of desnely packed collagen and elastic fibers that attach muscle to bone; usually fuse with bone and sometimes cartilage
Term
aponeuroses
Definition
strong, white, flat portions of fascia connecting halves of symmetrical parts. the junction point is called raphe
Term
types of fasciae
Definition
superficial, deep, subserous
Term
superficial
Definition
under skin, it attaches skin to muscle allowing suppleness or strong attachment. it is thin on the back of the hand and thicker on the abdominal wall
Term
deep fasciae
Definition
this type lines the body wall and extremities it holds muscles together and contains no fat
Term
subserous
Definition
covers the external surfaces of the viscera (organs) in the thoracic and abdominal cavities
Term
tendon sheaths
Definition
these are located in the foot ankle wrist and hand. these are lined by a synovial membrane which allows for the smooth operation of tendons while preventing its slipping. inflammation of these sheaths is called tendinitis or tenosynovitis. the best remedy is rest and the use of anti-inflammatory medications
Term
epimysium aka...
Definition
superficial fasciae
Term
epimysium
Definition
this is the covering of muscle tissue immediately deep to the skin and/or fat layer. it holds muscle together, connects it with upper tissues (skin), and sometimes blends with deeper fascia between neighboring muscle
Term
perimysium
Definition
within each muscle there are bundles of muscle fibers that are grouped into fascicles or bundles that are wrapped by perimysium much like if you were to wrap tightly several hundred strands of uncooked spaghetti with saran wrap
Term
endomysium
Definition
this connective tissue of reticular fibers encases each muscle fiber in its own wrapping
Term
sarcolemma
Definition
this is a very thin sheath of tissue that directly covers a few to several dozed myofibrils
Term
muscle fiber (cell)
Definition
contains dozens to hundreds of units called myofibrils
Term
myofibrils
Definition
continuous stands of connected sarcomeres which compromise the actual contractile units of skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue
Term
sarcomeres
Definition
these are connected contractile units within each myofibril. these run the entire length of the muscle's belly
Term
actin and myosin are...
Definition
myofilaments
Term
myofilaments
Definition
myosin filament comes in 2 distinct isoforms. this determines if the muscle fiber is a fast twitch or a slow twitch one
Term
t-tubules
Definition
run perpendicular to the sarcolemma
Term
terminal cisterns
Definition
RUN PARALLEL TO SARCOLEMMA
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