Muscle of the scalp

Epicranius

(occipitofrontalis)

Bipartite muscle consisting of the frontalis and occipitalis muscles connected by a cranial aponeurosis, the galea aponeurotica; these two muscles pull scalp forward and backward

Frontalis

Covers forehead and dome of skull; no bony attachments

O- galea aponeurotica

I-skin of eyebrows and root of nose

A-With aponeurosis fixed, raises the eyebrows (as in suprise); wrinkles forehead skin horizontally

Occipitalis

Overlies posterior occiput; by pulling on the galea, fixes origin of frontalis

O- occipital and temporal bones

I- galea aponeurotica

A- Fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly

Muscles of the face

Corrugator supercilii

Small muscle; activity associated with that of orbicularis oculi

O- arch of frontal bone above nosal bone

I- Skin of eyebrow

A- Draws eyebrows together and inferiorly; wrinkles skin of forehead vertically(as in frowning)

Orvicularis oculi

Thin,tripartite sphincter muscle of eyelid; surronds rim of the orbit

O- frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around orbit

I- tissue of eyelid

A- Protects eyes from intense light and injury

Zygomaticus-major & minor

Muscle pair extending diagonally from cheek-boneto corner of mouth

O- zygomatic bone

I- skin and muscle at corner of mouth

A- Raises laterla corners of mouth upward (smiling muscle)

Risorius

Slender muscle inferior and lateral to zygomaticus

O- lateral fascia associated with masseter muscle

I- skin at angle of mouth

A- Draws corner lip laterally;tenses lips;synergist of zygomaticus