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Muscle OIA OIA-Muscle
Question: Origin, Insertion, Action; Answer: Muscle
89
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/18/2009

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Cards

Term
Origin: temporal fossa of the temporal bone

Insertion: coronoid process of the mandible

Action: elevates mandible, and retracts mandible
Definition
temporalis
Term
Origin: zygomatic arch

Insertion: Mandibular angle and mandibular ramus

Action: elevates mandible
Definition
masseter
Term
Origin:manubrium of sternum, medial clavicle

Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone

Action: flexes head, rotates head laterally
Definition
sternocleidomastoid
Term
Origin: transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae

Insertion: anterior surface of ribs 1-2

Action: elevates ribs 1-2, flexes neck, rotates neck
Definition
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior)
Term
Origin: ribs 3-5

Insertion: coracoid process of the scapula

Action: depresses scapula, dowardly rotates scapula
Definition
pectoralis minor
Term
Origin: inferior border of ribs

Insertion: superior border of ribs

Action: elevates rib cage
Definition
external intercostals
Term
Origin: superior border of ribs

Insertion:inferior border of ribs

Action: depresses rib cage
Definition
internal intercostals
Term
Origin: ribs 1-8

Insertion: vertebral border of the scapula

Action: rotates inferior angle of scapula laterally
Definition
serratus anterior
Term
Origin: ribs 5-12

Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest, pubic tubercle, iliac crest

Action: flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall
Definition
external oblique
Term
Origin: lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament

Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest

Action: flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall
Definition
internal oblique
Term
Origin: pubic crest, pubic symphysis

Insertion: xiphoid process, ribs 5-7

Action: flexes lumbar region of vertebral column, rotates lumbar region of vertebral column
Definition
rectus abdominis
Term
Origin: occipital bone, spinous processes of C7-T12

Insertion: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion process of scapula

Action: elevates scapula, depresses scapula, rotates scapula, adducts scapula
Definition
trapezius
Term
Origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion process of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Action: abducts arm, flexes arm at shoulder, rotates arm medially, extends arm at shoulder, rotates arm laterally
Definition
deltoid
Term
Origin: spinous processes of T7-T12, ribs 9-12, iliac crest, inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: intertubercular groove of the humerus

Action: extends arm at shoulder, adducts arm, rotates arm medially
Definition
latissiumus dorsi
Term
Origin: sternal end of the clavicle, ribs 1-6

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Action: flexes arm shoulder, rotates arm medially, adducts arm
Definition
pectoralis major
Term
Origin: transverse processes of C1-C4

Insertion: vertebral border of the scapula

Action: elevates scapula, downwardly rotates scapula
Definition
levator scapula(e)
Term
Origin: spinous processes of T2-T5

Insertion:vertebral border of the scapula

Action: adducts scapula, downwardly rotates scapula
Definition
rhomboid major
Term
Origin: spinsous processes of C7-T1

Insertion: vertebral border of the scapula

Action: adducts scapula, downwardly rotates scapula
Definition
rhomboid minor
Term
Origin:supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: abducts arm
Definition
supraspinatus
Term
Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: rotates arm laterally
Definition
infraspinatus
Term
Origin: inferior angle of the scapula

Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: adducts arm, extends arm at shoulder, rotates arm medially
Definition
teres major
Term
Origin: lateral border of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: rotates arm laterally
Definition
teres minor
Term
Origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula

Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: rotates arm medially
Definition
subscapularis
Term
Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Insertion: radial tuberosity of the radius

Action: flexes forearm at elbow, supinates forearm
Definition
long head biceps brachii
Term
Origin: coracoid process of the scapula

Insertion: radial tuberosity of the radius

Action: flexes forearm at elbow, supinates forearm
Definition
short head biceps brachii
Term
Origin: anterior humerus

Insertion: coronoid process of the ulna

Action: flexes forearm at elbow
Definition
brachialis
Term
Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Insertion: olecranon process of the ulna

Action: extends forearm at elbow
Definition
long head triceps brachii
Term
Origin: posterior humerus

Insertion: olecranon process of the ulna

Action: extends forearm at elbow
Definition
lateral head triceps brachii
Term
Origin: posterior humerus

Insertion: olecranon process of the ulna

Action: extends forearm at elbow
Definition
medial head triceps brachii
Term
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: lateral radius

Action: pronates forearm
Definition
pronator teres
Term
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Action: flexes hand at wrist, abducts hand
Definition
flexor carpi radialis
Term
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: palmar aponeurosis

Action: flexes hand at wrist
Definition
palmaris longus
Term
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, olecranon process of the ulna, shaft of the ulna

Insertion:pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal

Action: flexes hand at wrist, adducts hand
Definition
flexor carpi ulnaris
Term
Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of ulna, shaft of radius

Insertion: middle phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit

Action: flexes hand at wrist, flexes proximal interphalangeal joints
Definition
flexor digitorum superficialis
Term
Origin: ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit

Action:flexes distal interphalangeal joints
Definition
flexor digitorum profundus
Term
Origin: anterior radius, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of pollux

Action: flexes 1st interphalangeal joint
Definition
flexor pollicis longus
Term
Origin: distal and anterior ulna

Insertion: distal and anterior radius

Action: pronates forearm
Definition
pronator quadratus
Term
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

Insertion: styloid process of the radius

Action: flexes forearm at elbow, stabilizes elbow during flexion and extension
Definition
brachioradialis
Term
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

Insertion: 2nd metacarpal

Action: extends hand at wrist, abducts hand
Definition
extensor carpi radialis longus
Term
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: 3rd metacarpal

Action: extends hand a wrist, abducts hand
Definition
extensor carpi radialis brevis
Term
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: distal phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit

Action: extends distal interphalangeal joints, extends hand at wrist
Definition
extensor digitorum
Term
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior ulna

Insertion: 5th metacarpal

Action: exxtends hand at wrist, adducts hand
Definition
extensor carpi ulnaris
Term
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus, proximal ulna

Insertion: proximal end of radius

Action: supinates forearm
Definition
supinator
Term
Origin: posterior radius, posterior ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: trapezium, 1st metacarpal

Action: abducts pollex
Definition
abductor pollicis longus
Term
Origin: posterior radius, posterior ulna, interosseous membrane Insertion: proximal phalanx pollex Action: extends 1st metacarpal-phalangeal joint
Definition

extensor pollicis brevis

Term
Origin: posterior radius, posterior ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx pollex

Action: extends 1st interphalangeal joint
Definition
extensor pollicis longus
Term
Origin: posterior ulna, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of 2nd digit

Action: extends 2nd distal interphalangeal joint
Definition
extensor indicis
Term
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: distal phalanx of 5th digit

Action: extends 5th distal interphalangeal joint
Definition
extensor digiti minimi
Term
Origin: scaphoid, trapezium, flexor retinaculum

Insertion: proximal phalanx of pollex

Action: abducts pollex
Definition
abductor pollicis brevis
Term
Origin: trapezium, flexor retinaculum

Insertion: 1st metacarpal

Action: opposes pollex
Definition
opponens pollicis
Term
Origin:trapezium, flexor retinaculum

Insertion: proximal phalanx of pollex

Action: flexes 1st metacarpal-phalangeal joint
Definition
flexor pollicis brevis
Term
Origin: capitate, 2nd-4th metacarpals

Insertion: proximal phalanx of pollex

Action: adducts pollux, opposes pollex
Definition
adductor pollicis
Term
Origin: iliac fossa, ala of the sacrum, transverse processes of T12-L5

Insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur

Action: flexes thigh at hip, flexes vertebral column
Definition
iliopsoas
Term
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: medial tibia

Action: flexes thigh at hip, rotates thigh laterally, flexes leg at knee, rotates knee medially
Definition
sartorius
Term
Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of qudriceps femoris and patellar ligament

Action: extends leg at knee, flexes thigh at hip
Definition
rectus femoris quadriceps femoris
Term
Origin: greater trochanter of the femur, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera of the femur

Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament

Action: extends leg at knee, stabilizes knee
Definition
vastus lateralis quadriceps femoris
Term
Origin: linea aspera of the femur, intertrochanteric line

Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament

Action: extends leg at knee, stabilizes patella
Definition
vastus medialis quadriceps femoris
Term
Origin: shaft of the femur

Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament

Action: extends leg at knee
Definition
vastus intermedius quadriceps femoris
Term
Origin: superior ramus of pubic

Insertion: linea aspera of femur

Action: adducts thigh, flexes thigh at hip, rotates thigh medially
Definition
pectineus
Term
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crest

Insertion: iliotibial tract

Action: flexes thigh at hip, abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially
Definition
tensor fascia(e) latae
Term
Origin: inferior ramus of the pubis, body of the pubis

Insertion: medial surface of the tibia

Action: adducts thigh, flexes leg at knee, rotates leg medially
Definition
gracilis
Term
Origin: pubis (near pubc symphysis)

Insertion: linea aspera of the femur

Action: adducts thigh, flexes thigh at hip, rotates thigh medially
Definition
adductor longus
Term
Origin: body of the pubis, inferior ramus of the pubis

Insertion: linea aspera of the femur

Action: adducts thigh, rotates thigh medially
Definition
adductor brevis
Term
Origin: inferior ramus of the pubis, ischial ramus, ischial tuberosity

Insertion: linea aspera of the femur

Action: adducts thigh, rotates thigh laterally, flexes thigh at hip
Definition
adductor magnus
Term
Origin: posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx

Insertion: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Action: extends thigh at hip, rotates thigh laterally, abducts thigh
Definition
gluteus maximus
Term
Origin: lateral surface of the ilium

Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur

Action: abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially
Definition
gluteus medius
Term
Origin: lateral surface of the ilium

Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur

Action: abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially
Definition
gluteus minimis
Term
Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: head of the fibula, lateral condyle of the tibia

Action: extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee, rotates leg laterally
Definition
long head biceps femoris
Term
Origin: linea aspera

Insertion: head of the fibula, lateral condyle of the tibia

Action: extends thigh at hip, flexes let at knee, rotates leg laterally
Definition
short head biceps femoris
Term
Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: medial tibia

Action: extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee, rotates leg medially
Definition
semitendinosus
Term
Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: medial condyle of the tibia

Action: extends thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee, rotates leg medially
Definition
semimembranosus
Term
Origin: lateral surface of the sacrum

Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur

Action: rotates thigh laterally when hip is extended
Definition
piriformis
Term
Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of the femur

Action: rotates thigh laterally, stabilizes hip
Definition
quadratus femoris
Term
Origin: lateral condyle of the tibia, interosseous membrane

Insertion: medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal

Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle, inverts foot
Definition
tibialis anterior
Term
Origin: anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of the hallux

Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle, extends 1st interphalangeal joint
Definition
extensor hallucis longus
Term
Origin: lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits

Action: extends 2nd-5th distal interphalangeal joints
Definition
extensor digitorum longus
Term
Origin: anterior fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: 5th metatarsal

Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle, everts foot
Definition
fibularis (peroneus) tertius
Term
Origin: head of the fibula

Insertion: medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, everts foot
Definition
fibularis (peroneus) longus
Term
Origin: distal fibula

Insertion: 5th metatarsal

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, everts foot
Definition
fibularis (peroneus) brevis
Term
Origin: lateral condyle of femur, medial condyle of the femur

Insertion: calcaneus

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle
Definition
gastrocnemius
Term
Origin: proximal tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: calcaneus

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle
Definition
soleus
Term
Origin: posterior tibia

Insertion: distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, inverts foot, flexes 2nd-5th distal interphalangeal joints
Definition
flexor digitorum longus
Term
Origin: middle shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: distal phalanx of hallux

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, inverts foot, flexes all joints of hallux
Definition
flexor hallucis longus
Term
Origin: proximal tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane

Insertion: navicular bone, 2nd-4th metatarsal

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle, inverts foot
Definition
tibialis posterior
Term
Origin: iliac crest, ribs 3-12

Insertion: inferior border of the ribs, transverse processes of C4-C6

Action: extends vertebral column laterally flexes vertebral column
Definition
iliocostalis erector spinae
Term
Origin: transverse processes of C4-L5

Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone

Action: extends vertebral column, laterally flexes vertebral colum
Definition
longissimus erector spinae
Term
Origin: spinous processes of T7-L3

Insertion: spinous processes of C4-T6

Action: extends vertebral column
Definition
spinalis erector spinae
Term
Origin: spinous processes of C6-T7

Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone, occipital bone

Action: exttends or hyperextends vertebral column
Definition
splenius capitis
Term
Origin: transverse processes of C7-T12

Insertion: occipital bone

Action: extends vertebral column
Definition
semispinalis capitis
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