Term
| Abductor Digiti Minimi (Foot) |
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Definition
ORIGIN
Medial and lateral processes of posterior calcaneal tuberosity
INSERTION
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe and 5th metatarsal
ACTION
Flexes and abducts 5th toe. Supports lateral longitudinal arch |
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Term
| Abductor Digiti Minimi (Hand) |
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Definition
ORIGIN
Pisiform bone, pisohamate ligament and flexor retinaculum
INSERTION
Ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger and extensor expansion
ACTION
Abducts little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Medial process of posterior calcaneal tuberosity & flexor retinaculum
INSERTION
Medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx of big toe via medial sesamoid
ACTION
Flexes and abducts big toe. Supports medial longitudinal arch |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Tubercle of scaphoid & flexor retinaculum
INSERTION
Radial sesamoid of proximal phalanx of thumb & tendon of extensor pollicis longus
ACTION
Abducts thumb at metacarpophalangeal & carpometacarpal joints |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Upper posterior surface of ulna and middle third of posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane between
INSERTION
Over tendons of radial extensors and brachioradialis to base of 1st metacarpal and trapezium
ACTION
Abducts and extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Inferior ramus and body of pubis
INSERTION
Upper third of linea aspera
ACTION
Adducts hip |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Oblique head: base of 2, 3, 4 metatarsals. Transverse head: plantar metatarsal ligaments and deep transverse ligament
INSERTION
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe and lateral sesamoid.
ACTION
Adducts and flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe. Supports transverse arch |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Body of pubis inferior and medial to pubic tubercle
INSERTION
Lower two thirds of medial linea aspera
ACTION
Adducts and medially rotates hip |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Adductor portion: ischiopubic ramus. Hamstring portion: lower outer quadrant of posterior surface of ischial tuberosity
INSERTION
Adductor portion: lower gluteal line and linea aspera. Hamstring portion: adductor tubercle
ACTION
Adductor portion: adducts and medially rotates hip. Hamstring portion: extends hip |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Oblique head: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, trapezoid and capitate. Transverse head: palmar border and shaft of 3rd metacarpal
INSERTION
Ulnar sesamoid then ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx and tendon of extensor pollicis longus
ACTION
Adducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Smooth surface at lower extremity of posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
Lateral side of olecranon
ACTION
Weak extensor of elbow. Moves (abducts) ulna in pronation |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Deep distal surface of medial head of triceps
INSERTION
Posterior capsule of elbow joint
ACTION
Lifts capsule away from joint |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Two slips from anterior femur below vastus intermedialius
INSERTION
Apex of suprapatellar bursa
ACTION
Retracts bursa as knee extends |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Apex of arytenoid cartilage
INSERTION
Lateral border of epiglottis
ACTION
Aids closure of additus of larynx |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Cartilage of auricle
INSERTION
Galeal aponeurosis
ACTION
Adjusts position of ear |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Long head:supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Short head: coracoid process of scapula with coracobrachialis
INSERTION
posterior border of bicipital tuberosity of radius (over bursa) and bicipital aponeurosis to deep fascia and subcutaneous ulna
ACTION
Supinates forearm, flexes elbow, weakly flexes shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Long head: upper inner quadrant of posterior surface of ischial tuberosity. Short head:middle third of linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge of femur |
[image] |
INSERTION
Styloid process of head of fibula. lateral collateral ligament and lateral tibial condyle |
ACTION
Flexes and laterally rotates knee. Long head extends hip |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Anterior lower half of humerus and medial and lateral intermuscular septa |
[image] |
INSERTION
Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna |
ACTION
Flexes elbow |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Upper two thirds of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus and lateral intermuscular septum |
[image] |
INSERTION
Base of styloid process of radius |
ACTION
Flexes arm at elbow and brings forearm into midprone position |
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Term
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Definition
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BUCCINATOR
ORIGIN
External alveolar margins of maxilla and mandible by molar teeth, to maxillary tubercle and pterygoid hamulus and posterior mylohyoid line respectively, then via pterygomandibular raphe between bones |
[image] |
INSERTION
Decussates at modiolus of mouth and interdigitates with opposite side |
ACTION
Aids mastication, tenses cheeks in blowing and whistling, aids closure of mouth |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Perineal body (and midline raphe over corpus spongiosum in male) |
[image] |
INSERTION
Superficial perineal membrane and dorsal penile/clitoral aponeurosis |
ACTION
Male:aids emptying of urine and ejaculate from urethra. Female: closes vaginal introitus |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Cricopharyngeus: lateral aspect of arch of cricoid cartilage. Thyropharyngeus: oblique line of laminar of thyroid cartilage and fibrous cricothyroid arch |
[image] |
INSERTION
Cricopharyngeus: continuous with muscle of opposite side, behind pharynx. Thyropharyngeus : lower pharyngeal raphe |
ACTION
Aids swallowing . Cricopharyngeus acts as upper esophageal sphincter |
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Term
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Definition
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MIDDLE CONSTRICTOR
ORIGIN
Lower third of stylohyoid ligament, lesser cornu and superior border of greater cornu of hyoid bone |
[image] |
INSERTION
Middle portion of pharyngeal raphe |
ACTION
Aids swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
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[image]
SUPERIOR CONSTRICTOR
ORIGIN
Lower two thirds of medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphe and posterior end of mylohyoid line on mandible |
[image] |
INSERTION
Upper midline pharyngeal raphe and pharyngeal tubercle of clivus of occiput |
ACTION
Aids swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Coracoid process of scapula with biceps brachii |
[image] |
INSERTION
Upper half medial border of humerus |
ACTION
Flexes and weakly adducts arm |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Medial superciliary arch |
[image] |
INSERTION
Skin of medial forehead |
ACTION
Wrinkles forehead |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Lower border of internal oblique and transversus abdominis in inguinal canal |
[image] |
INSERTION
Loops around spermatic cord and tunica vaginalis and some fibers return to attach to pubic tubercle |
ACTION
Retracts testis |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Anterolateral aspect of cricoid cartilage |
[image] |
INSERTION
Inferior cornu and lower laminar of thyroid cartilage |
ACTION
Lengthens and tenses vocal cords by tilting thyroid cartilage forwards |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Subcutaneous tissue of scrotum, superficial to superficial fascia (Colles) |
[image] |
INSERTION
Skin and midline fibrous septum of scrotum |
ACTION
Corrugates scrotal skin |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Medial aspect of ischiopubic ramus and body of ischium |
[image] |
INSERTION
Midline raphe and perineal body |
ACTION
Fixes perineal body and supports pelvic viscera |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula to deltoid tubercle |
[image] |
INSERTION
Middle of lateral surface of humerus (deltoid tuberosity) |
ACTION
Abducts arm, anterior fibers flex and medial rotate, posterior fibers extend and lateral rotate |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Outer surface of mandible posterior to oblique line |
[image] |
INSERTION
Modiolus at angle of mouth |
ACTION
Depresses and draws angle of mouth laterally |
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Term
| Depressor Labii Inferioris |
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Definition
ORIGIN
Outer surface of mandible along oblique line |
[image] |
INSERTION
Skin of lower lip |
ACTION
Depresses and draws lower lip laterally |
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Term
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Definition
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DIAPHRAGM
ORIGIN
Vertebral:crura from bodies of L1, 2 (left), L1-3 (right). Costal: medial and lateral arcuate ligs, inner aspect of lower six ribs . Sternal: two slips from posterior aspect of xiphoid |
[image] |
INSERTION
Central tendon |
ACTION
Inspiration and assists in raising intra-abdominal pressure |
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Term
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Definition
ORIGIN
Anterior belly: digatric fossa on posterior surface of symphysis menti. posterior belly: base of medial aspect of mastoid process |
[image] |
INSERTION
Fibrous loop to lesser cornu of hyoid bone |
ACTION
Elevates hyoid bone. Aids swallowing and depresses mandible |
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