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Muscle innervations & actions
test 1
68
Anatomy
Professional
09/27/2010

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Term
trapezius
Definition
Accessory nerve (CNXI), C3 & C4 (sensory)
elevates, retracts and medially rotates scapula
Term
latissimus dorsi
Definition
thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)
extends, internally rotates and adducts humerus
Term
levator scapulae
Definition
dorsal scapular nerve (C5), sensory C3 & C4
elevates scapula
Term
rhomboid major and minor
Definition
dorsal scapular nerve (C4 & C5)
retract, medially rotate scapula and fix to thoracic wall
Term
serratus posterior superior
Definition
intercostal nerves 2-5
elevates ribs, proprioception
Term
serratus posterior inferior
Definition
thoracic spinal nerves T9-T12
depresses ribs, proprioception
Term
splenius cervicis
Definition
dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
unilateral: lateral flexion neck w/ rotation of face to same side, bilateral: extension of head and neck
Term
splenius capitis
Definition
dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
unilateral: lateral flexion of neck w/ rotation of head to same side, bilateral: extension of head and neck
Term
erector spinae
Definition
dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
bilateral: extends vertebral column/head
unilateral: lateral flexion of vertebral column
Term
semispinalis
Definition
dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
bilateral: stabilizes vertebrae w/ movement, extends head and vertebral column
unilateral: lateral bending/rotation of vertebral column
Term
multifidus
Definition
dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
bilateral: stabilizes vertebrae w/ movement, extends head and vertebral column
unilateral: lateral bending/rotation of vertebral column
Term
rotatores
Definition
dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
bilateral: stabilizes vertebrae w/ movement, extends head and vertebral column
unilateral: lateral bending/rotation of vertebral column
Term
interspinales
Definition
dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
extension/rotation of vertebral column
Term
intertranversarii
Definition
dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
stabilize vertebrae and assist w/ lateral bending of vertebral column
Term
levator costarum
Definition
dorsal primary rami C8-T11 spinal nerves
elevate ribs, assist w/ lateral bending
Term
deltoid
Definition
Axillary nerve
Abducts, flexes, extends, and medially/laterally rotates humerus
Term
supraspinatus
Definition
suprascapular nerve (C5 & C6)
initiates abduction of humerus
Term
infraspinatus
Definition
suprascapular nerve (C5 & C6)
laterally rotates humerus
Term
subscapularis
Definition
upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)
medially rotates humerus
Term
teres minor
Definition
axillary nerve (C5 & C6)
laterally rotates humerus
Term
teres major
Definition
lower subscapular nerve (C5 & C6)
adducts, extends and medially rotates humerus
Term
pectoralis major
Definition
lateral/medial pectoral nerves (C5-T1)
adducts, internally rotates and flexes humerus
Term
pectoralis minor
Definition
lateral/medial pectoral nerves (C5 & C6)
protracts scapula, depresses shoulder
Term
subclavius
Definition
nerve to subclavius (C5)
stabilizes sternoclavicular joint
Term
serratus anterior
Definition
long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)
protracts/laterally rotates scapula
Term
sternocleidomastoid
Definition
accessory nerve (CNXI), sensory- C2 & C3
tilts head to side, extends neck, flexes cervical vertebrae, extends upper cervical vertebrae, elevates manubrium
Term
omohyoid (inferior belly)
Definition
Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
depresses, retracts and stabilizes hyoid bone
Term
biceps brachii
Definition
musculocutaneous nerve (C5 & C6)
Supinates forearm and, when it is supine flexes forearm
short head: resists dislocation of shoulder
Term
coracobrachialis
Definition
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 & C6)
flex/adduct arm
Term
brachialis
Definition
musculocutaneous (C5 & C6) and radial nerve (C5 & C7)
primary elbow flexor
Term
triceps brachii
Definition
radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
long head: weak extensor and adductor of shoulder
all heads: primary elbow extensor
Term
anconeous
Definition
radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
stabilizes/extends elbow
Term
pronator teres
Definition
median nerve (C6-T1)
pronates/flexes elbow
Term
flexor carpi radialis
Definition
median nerve (C6-T1)
flexion/radial deviation of wrist
Term
flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
ulnar nerve (C8 & T1)
flexion/ulnar deviation of wrist
Term
palmaris longus
Definition
median nerve (C5-T1)
minimal flexion of wrist, tenses palmar skin
Term
flexor digitorum superficialis
Definition
median nerve (C6-T1)
flexes wrist and metacarpophalangeal/proximal interphalangeal joints digits 2-5
Term
flexor digitorum profundus
Definition
medial 1/2: ulnar nerve (C8 & T1), lateral 1/2: anterior interosseous branch median nerve (C6-T1)
flexes wrist and digits at MP, PIP and distal interphalangeal joints digits 2-5
Term
flexor pollicis longus
Definition
anterior interosseous branch median nerve (C6-T1)
flexes thumb at MP & IP joints
Term
pronator quadratus
Definition
anterior interosseous branch median nerve (C6-T1)
pronates forearm
Term
brachioradialis
Definition
radial nerve (C5-T1)
flexes elbow in midpronated position
Term
extensor carpi radialis longus
Definition
radial nerve (C5-T1)
extension/radial deviation of wrist
Term
extensor carpi radialis brevis
Definition
deep branch radial nerve (C5-T1)extension/radial deviation of wrist
Term
extensor digitorum
Definition
deep branch radial nerve (C5-T1)
extends wrist and digits 2-5 at MP, PIP and DIP joints
Term
extensor digiti minimi
Definition
deep branch radial nerve (C5-T1)
extends 5th digit at MP, PIP and DIP joints
Term
extensor carpi ulnaris
Definition
deep branch radial nerve (C5-T1)
extension/ulnar deviation of wrist
Term
supinator
Definition
deep branch radial nerve (C5-T1)
strong supinator of forearm
Term
abductor pollicis longus
Definition
posterior interosseous nerve (C5-T1)abducts 1st digit
Term
extensor pollicis brevis
Definition
posterior interosseous nerve (C5-T1)
extends 1st digit at MP joint
Term
extensor pollicis longus
Definition
posterior interosseous nerve (C5-T1)
extends 1st digit at MP & IP joint
Term
extensor indicis
Definition
posterior interosseous nerve (C5-T1)
extends wrist and 2nd digit
Term
abductor pollicis brevis
Definition
recurrent branch median nerve (C6-T1)
abducts thumb
Term
flexor pollicis brevis
Definition
recurrent branch median nerve (C6-T1)
flexes thumb
Term
opponens pollicis
Definition
recurrent branch median nerve (C6-T1)
opposes thumb
Term
opponens digiti minimi
Definition
deep ulnar nerve (C8 & T1)
laterally rotates 5th metacarpal at MCP joint
Term
abductor digiti minimi
Definition
deep ulnar nerve (C8 & T1)
abducts 5th digit
Term
abductor digiti minimi
Definition
deep ulnar nerve (C8 & T1)
abducts 5th digit
Term
abductor digiti minimi
Definition
deep ulnar nerve (C8 & T1)
abducts 5th digit
Term
flexor digiti minimi
Definition
deep ulnar nerve (C8 & T1)
flexes 5th digit
Term
adductor pollicis
Definition
deep ulnar nerve (C8 & T1)
adducts thumb
Term
lumbricals
Definition
median nerve (1 & 2), deep ulnar nerve (3 & 4)
flex digits 2-5 at MP joints, extend at IP joints
Term
palmar interossei
Definition
deep ulnar nerve (C8 &T1)
adduct digits 2, 4 and 5 at MP joint, extend at IP joint
Term
dorsal interossei
Definition
deep ulnar nerve (C8 & T1)
abduct digits 2, 3 & 4 at MCP joint, extend at IP joints
Term
rectus capitis posterior minor
Definition
suboccipital nerve (C1)
laterally rotates head
Term
rectus capitis posterior major
Definition
suboccipital nerve (C1)
laterally rotates head
Term
obliquus capitis superior
Definition
suboccipital nerve (C1)
lateral flexion and extension of head
Term
obliquus capitis inferior
Definition
suboccipital nerve (C1)
lateral rotation of head
Term
anterior/posterior/middle scalenes
Definition
ventral primary rami C4-C8
lateral flexion of neck, elevate ribs
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