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Muscle Functions
Muscle Functions
54
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
05/27/2008

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Term
frontalis
Definition
raises eyebrows
Term
occipitalis
Definition
pulls back scalp
Term
orbicularis oculi
Definition
closes eyes, squinting, blinking
Term
zygomaticus
Definition
smiling muscle
Term
orbicularis oris
Definition
kissing muscle
Term
masseter
Definition
closes jaw, elevates mandible
Term
temporalis
Definition
closes jaw, elevates mandible
Term
buccinator
Definition
compresses cheek (whistling), holds food between teeth during chewing
Term
platysma
Definition
downward sag of mouth
Term
sternocleidomastoid
Definition
flexion of neck (simultanous), rotates head in opposite direction (independent)
Term
pectoralis major
Definition
arm flexion, arm adduction, medially rotates arm
Term
deltoid
Definition
arm abduction, (flexion, extension and rotation of humerus)
Term
trapezius
Definition
extends neck, retracts scapula (adduction)
Term
latissimus dorsi
Definition
arm extension, arm adduction, medial rotation
Term
rhomboids (major and minor)
Definition
retract scapula (adduction), pulling shoulder back
Term
supraspinous
Definition
lateral rotation of arm, holds humerus in place
Term
infraspinous
Definition
lateral rotation of arm, holds humerus in place
Term
teres minor
Definition
lateral rotation of arm, holds humerus in place
Term
subscapularis
Definition
medial rotation of arm, holds humerus in place
Term
transversus abdominis
Definition
compresses abdominal contents
Term
rectus abdominis
Definition
flexes vertebral column, increases abdominal pressure
Term
external oblique
Definition
flexes vertebral column, increases abdominal pressure
Term
internal oblique
Definition
flexes vertebral column, increases abdominal pressure
Term
intercostal muscles
Definition
assist in forced inhalation and exhalation
Term
erector spinae
Definition
extends vertebral column, extends head
Term
biceps brachii
Definition
flexes elbow, supinates forearm
Term
brachialis
Definition
arm flexor
Term
brachioradialis
Definition
helper of brachialis in forearm flexion
Term
pronator teres
Definition
pronates forearm
Term
flexor carpi radialis
Definition
wrist flexor, abducts hand
Term
flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
wrist flexor, adducts hand
Term
flexor digitorum superficialis
Definition
wrist flexor, flexes middle (2-5) phalanges of fingers
Term
triceps brachii
Definition
extends forearm
Term
extensor carpi radialis longus
Definition
extends wrist, abducts wrist
Term
extensor digitorum
Definition
extends fingers, extends wrist, adduction of fingers
Term
extensor carpi ulnaris
Definition
extends wrist, adducts wrist
Term
iliopsoas
Definition
flexes trunk on thigh, major flexor of hip
Term
sartorius
Definition
flexes thigh, latterally rotates thigh, flexes knee
Term
gluteus maximus
Definition
extends hip
Term
gluteus medius
Definition
abducts thigh, medially rotates thigh, steadies pelvis while walking
Term
adductor magnus, adductor longus
Definition
adducts thigh, laterally rotates thigh, extends thigh
Term
quadriceps- rectus femoris
Definition
extends knee, flexes thigh at hip
Term
quadriceps- vastus lateralis
Definition
extends knee
Term
quadriceps- vastus medialis
Definition
extends knee
Term
quadriceps- vastus intermedius
Definition
extends knee
Term
hamstrings- biceps femoris
Definition
extends thigh, laterally flexes knee
Term
hamstrings- semitendinosus
Definition
extends thigh, flexes knee, medially rotates leg
Term
hamstrings- semimembranosus
Definition
extends thigh, flexes knee, medially rotates leg
Term
tibialis anterior
Definition
dorsiflexion (stands on heels), inverts (turns medially) foot
Term
extensor digitorum longus
Definition
toe extension, dorsiflexes (stand on heels) foot
Term
fibularis muscles
Definition
plantar flexes foot (stand on toes), eversion (lateral rotation)
Term
gastrocnemius
Definition
plantar flexes foot (stand on toes), flexes knee when foot on heels
Term
soleus
Definition
plantar flexes foot (stand on toes)
Term
popliteus
Definition
slight rotation and flexion of knee, unlocks knee
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