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Muscle Anatomy
Action/Origin/Insertion
80
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/31/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

 

FRONTALIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Raise eyebrows

Wrinkles forehead

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: galea aponeurotica

I: skin of eyebrow, nose

 

Term

 

 

 

 

OCCIPITALIS

Definition

 


ACTION:

Tenses and retracts the scalp

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: occipital bone, mastoid

I: galea aponeurotica

 

Term

 

 

 

 

TEMPORALIS

Definition

 

 

ACTION:

Elevate Mandible

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Temporal Lines of Skull

I: Coronoid Process of Mandible

Term

 

 

 

 

ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR

Definition

 

ACTION:

Elevate, retract corner of mouth

"Smile" Muscle

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: ZYGOMATIC BONE

I: CORNER ORBICULARIS ORIS

Term

 

 

 

 

NASALIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Compreses Bridge of Nose

Elevates Nostril Corners

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Maxillary Bone, Cartlage

I: Bridge of Nose

Term

 

 

 

 

MASSETER

Definition

 

ACTION:

Elevates Mandible

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Zygomatic Arch

I: Mandible (lateral ramus)

Term

 

 

 

 

ORBICULARIS OCULI

Definition


ACTION:

Closes Eyelids

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Medial Orbit Bones

I: Skin of Eyelid

Term

 

 

 

 

ORBICULARIS ORIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Closes Lips, Puckers

Shapes Lips for Speech

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Maxillary Bone, Mandible

I: Mucosa of Lips

Term

 

 

 

 

BUCCINATOR

Definition

 

ACTION:

Compresses Cheeks

Creates Suckling Action Infants

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Maxillary Bone, Mandible

I: Orbicularis Oris

Term

 

 

 

 

MENTALIS

Definition

 

 

ACTION:

Elevates, Protrudes the Lower Lip (pout)

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Fossa on Mandible

I: Skin of Chin

Term

 

 

 

 

STERNOCLEIDO-MASTOID

Definition

 

ACTION:

Both Together: Flex Neck

Each Singly: Rotate/Turn Head

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Sternum (manubrium), Clavicle

I: Mastoid Process

Term

 

 

 

 

PLATYSMA

Definition

 

ACTION:

Tenses Skin of Neck and

Depresses Mandible

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Superior Thorax (between acromian Process & Cartilage Rib #2)

I: Mandible and Skin of Cheek

Term

 

 

 

 

SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Both Together: Extend Head

Each Singly: Extends/Tilts Head

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Processes lower cervical and

upper thoracic vertebrae

I: Occipital Bone

Term

 

 

 

 

SPLENIUS CAPITIS

Definition

ACTION:

Both Together: Extend Head

Both Singly: Extend/Tilt Head

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Spinous Processes & Ligament

Lower C. Upper T. Vertebrae

 

I: Mastoid Process (temporal) bone

Occipital Bone, Upper C. Vertebrae

 

Term

 

 

 

 

TRAPEZIUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Elevates Clavicle

Adducts, Elevate, Retracts, and Depresses Scapula

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Occipital Bone, All Cervical and

Thoracic Vertebrae

 

I: Clavicle, Scapula

Term

 

 

 

 

LATISSIMUS DORSI

Definition

 

ACTION:

Extends, Adducts & Medially

Rotation Shoulder

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Lower Thoracic, Lumbar &

Sacral Vertebrae & Ribs 8-12

 

I: Humerus - Intertubercular Groove

 

Term

 

 

 

 

TERES MAJOR

Definition

 

 

ACTION:

Extention, Adduction & Medial Rotation of Shoulder

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Inferior Angle of Scapula

I: Humerus -Intertubercular Groove

 

Term

 

 

 

 

TERES MINOR

Definition

 

 

ACTION:

Lateral Rotation at Shoulder

 

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Lateral Border Scapula

I: Greater Tubercle - Humerus

 

Term

 

 

 

 

INFRASPINATUS

Definition

 

 

ACTION:

Lateral Rotation at Shoulder

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Infraspinous Fossa

I: Greater Tubercle - Humerus

 

Term

 

 

 


SUPRASPINATUS

Definition


ACTION:

Abduction at Shoulder

 

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Supraspinous Fossa - Scapula

I: Greater Tubercle - Humerus

 

Term

 

 

 

 

DELTOID

Definition

 

 

ACTION:

Abduct, Flex, Extends and Rotates Shoulder

 

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Clavicle, Scapula

I: Humerus (Deltoid Tuberosity)

 

Term

 

 

 

 

PECTORALIS MAJOR

Definition

 

ACTION:

Flex, Adduct and Medial Rotation

at Shoulder

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Clavicle, Sternum (body) and

costal cartilage Ribs 2-6

I: Humerus -greater tubercle and

Intertubercular groove

 

Term

 

 

 

 

PECTORALIS MINOR

Definition

 

ACTION:

Depress and Protract Shoulder

Rotate Scapula Downward

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O:Ventral Surfaces of Ribs 3-5

I: Coracoid Process - Scapula

 

Term

 

 

 

 

SERRATUS ANTERIOR

Definition

 

ACTION:

Lateral and Upward

Rotation of Scapula

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Ribs 1-9 Anterior/Superior Margins

I: Anterior Scapula

 

Term

 

 

 

 

EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Elevate Ribs during

Inhalation

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Inferior Edge of Upper Rib

I: Superior Edge of Lower Rib

 

Term

 

 



INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Pulls Ribs in and Down

During EXHALATION

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Superior Edge of Lower Rib

I: Inferior Edge of Upper Rib

 

Term

 

 

 

 

DIAPHRAGM

Definition

 

ACTION:

Floor of Thoracic Cavity Contraction

*Breath in Moves Floor Downward

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Ribs, Xiphoid Process & Lumbar Vertebrae

I: Tendon of Diaphragm

 

Term

 

 

 

 

TRICEPS BRACHII

Definition


ACTION:

Extends Shoulder

Extends Forearm

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Scapula (1) and Humerus (2)

I: Ulna - Olecranon Process

 

Term

 

 

 

 

BICEPS BRACHII

Definition

 

ACTION:

Flexes Shoulder, Flex Forearm

Supinate Forearm

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Scapula

I: Radial Tuberosity

 

Term

 

 

 

 

BRACHIALIS

Definition

 


ACTION:

Flexes Forearm



ATTACHMENT:

O: Humerus

I: Ulna

 

Term





BRACHIORADIALIS

Definition


ACTION:

Flexes Forearm

Supinates Forearm



ATTACHMENT:

O: Humerus - Lateral Epicondyle

I: Radius (styloid process)


Term

 

 



PRONATOR TERES

Definition


ACTION:

Pronates Forearm

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Humerus and Ulna

I: Radius (lateral surface)

 

Term

 

 

 

 

WRIST FLEXOR GROUP


FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

Definition

 

 



ACTION: 

 

FLEX AND ABDUCT WRIST

Term

 

 

 

 

WRIST FLEXOR GROUP


FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS

Definition

 

 

 

 

ACTION:


Flex and Adduct Writs

Term

 

 

 

 

WRIST FLEXOR GROUP


PALMARIS LONGUS

Definition

 

 

 


ACTION:


Flex Wrist

Term

 

 

WRIST EXTENSOR GROUP


EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS

Definition

 


ACTION:


Extends and Abducts Wrist

Term

 

 

WRIST EXTENSOR GROUP


EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS

Definition

 

 

ACTION:


Extends and Abducts Wrist

Term

 

 

WRIST EXTENSOR GROUP


EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS

Definition

 

 

ACTION:


Extends and Adducts Wrist

Term

 

 

 

WRIST EXTENSOR GROUP


EXTENSOR DIGITORUM

Definition

 

 

 

ACTION:


Extends Wrists and Fingers

Term

 

 

 

WRIST EXTENSOR GROUP


EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI

Definition

 

 

ACTION:


Extends the 5th Digit

Term

 

 

 

 

RECTUS ABDOMINIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Compresses Abdomen

Flexes Vertebran Column Anteriorly

Depress Ribs


ATTACHMENT:

O: Pubic Symphysis/Crest

I: Xiphoid and Costal Cartilage

for Ribs 5-7

 

Term

 

 

 

 

EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

Definition

 

ACTION:

Both Together:  Compresses Abdomen

On Side At a Time - Flex Spine Laterally

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Lower 8 Ribs

I: Iliac Crest, Linea Alba

Term

 

 

 


INTERNAL OBLIQUE

Definition

 

ACTION:

Both Together:  Compresses Abdomen

On Side At a Time - Flex Spine Laterally

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Iliac Crest

I: Linea Alba, Lower Ribs & Xiphoid Process

Term

 

 

 

 

TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Compresses Abdomen

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Iliac Crest and Costal Cartilage

of the Lower Ribs

I: Pubis, Linea Alba

Term

 

 

 

 

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Extends and Laterally Rotates the Thigh

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Ilium, Sacrum and Coccyx

I: Femur

Term

 

 

 

 

GLUTEUS MEDIUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Abducts and Medially Rotates the Thigh

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Ilium

I: Femur-Greater Trochanter

Term

 

 

 

 

TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE

Definition

 

 

ACTION:

Flex, abduct, medially the thigh

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Iliac crest and ASIS

I: Iliotibial Tract

Term

 

 

 

 

Iliotibial Tract

Definition

 

 

 

Non Muscular Structure (ID Only)

Term

 

 

 

 

ADDUCTOR MAGNUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Adducts, Flexes and Medially Rotates,

and extends thigh

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Ishium, Pubic Ramus

I: Femur, Linea Aspera

Term

 

 

 

 

ADDUCTOR LONGUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Adducts, Flex and Medially Rotates,

and extends thigh

 


ATTACHMENT:

O: Inferior Ramus -Pubis

I: Femur -Linea Aspera

Term

 

 

 

GRACILIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Flex Leg, adducts and

Medially Rotates Thigh


 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Inferior Ramus -Pubis

I: Medial Tibia

Term

 

 

 

 

ILIOPSOAS ILIACUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

 

Flexes and Laterally Rotates Thigh;

Also Flex Lumbar Spine

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Iliac Fossa -Ilium

I: Lesser Trochanter

Term

 

 

 

 

ILIOPSOAS PSOAS MAJOR

Definition

 

ACTION:

Both: Flexes and Laterally Rotates Thigh;

Also Flex Lumbar Spine

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Vertebrae T12-15

I: Lesser Trochanter

Term

 

 

 

 

SARTORIUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Flexes Leg, Flexes Thigh, Crosses Leg

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

I: Tibia (medial surface)

Term

 

 

 


QUADRICEPS


RECTUS FEMORIS

Definition

 

 

ACTION:

Extends Knee and Flexes Thigh

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine

 

I: Patella & Tibia, via Patellar Tendon

Term

 

 

 

QUADRICEPS


VASTUS MEDIALIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Extends Knee

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Linea Aspera of Femur

 

I:  Patella & Tibia, via Patellar Tendon

Term

 

 

 

QUADRICEPS


VASTUS LATERALIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Extends Knee

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Linea Aspera and below the Greater Trochanter

 

I:  Patella & Tibia, via Patellar Tendon

Term

 

 

QUADRICEPS


VASTUS INTERMEDIUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Extends Knee

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Femur, Linea Aspera

 

I:  Patella & Tibia, via Patellar Tendon

Term

 

 

 

HAMSTRINGS


BICEPS FEMORIS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Flexes Knee, Extends Thigh,

Lateral Rotation Thigh

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Ishial Tuberosity and

Linea Aspera of Femur

 

I:  Fibual Head, Tibia

Term

 

 

 

HAMSTRINGS


SEMI-TENDINOSUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Flexes Knee, Extends Thigh,

Medial Rotation Thigh

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Ishial Tuberosity

 

I:  Tibia

Term

 

 

 

HAMSTRINGS


SEMI-MEMBRANOSUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Flexes Knee, Extends Thigh,

Medial Rotation Thigh

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Ishium

 

I:  Tibia, Femur

Term

 

 

 


TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

Definition

 

ACTION:

Dorsiflexes and Inverts Foot

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Tibia -Lateral Condyle

 

I:  Medial Cuneiform & Calcaneal Tendon

Term

 

 

 

 

GASTROCNEMIUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Plantar Flexes, Inverts foot

Adducts Foot, Flexes Knee

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Femoral Condyles

 

I:  Calcaneus via the Calcaneal Tendon

Term

 

 

 


SOLEUS

 

Definition

 

ACTION:

Plantar Flexes, Inverts foot

Adducts Foot

 

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Fibula, Tibia

I:  Calcaneus via the Calcaneal Tendon

Term

 

 

 


ACHILLES TENDON

CALCANEAL TENDON

Definition

 

 

 

 

Non-Muscular Structure (ID Only)

Term

 

 

 

 

FIBULARIS LONGUS

Definition

 

ACTION:

Everts Foot, Plantar Flexes Foot

Support Arch

 

ATTACHMENT:

O: Tibia, Fibia

 

I:  First Matatarsal Bone

Medial Cuneiform

Term

 

 

 

 

SARCOLEMMA

[image]

[image]

Definition

 

The Plasma/Cell Membrane of a muscle cell.


It consists of a true cell membrane, called the plasma membrane, and an outer coat made up of a thin layer of polysaccharide material that contains numerous thin collagen fibrils. At each end of the muscle fiber, this surface layer of the sarcolemma fuses with a tendon fiber, and the tendon fibers in turn collect into bundles to form the muscle tendons that then insert into bones. The membrane is designed to receive and conduct stimuli.

Term

 

 

 

 

SARCOPLASM

Definition


the cytoplasm of a muscle cell.

 

It is a water solution containing ATP and phosphagens, as well as the enzymes and intermediate and product molecules involved in many metabolic reactions. The most abundant metal in the sarcoplasm is potassium

Term

 

 

 

 

MYOFIBRIL

Definition

 

 

 

Organized collections of myofilaments in skeletal and cardia muscle cells

Term

 

 

 

 

MITOCHONDRIA

Definition

 

 

 

An intracellular organelle responsible for generating most of the ATP required for cellular operations

Term

 

 

 

 

SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Definition

 

The special type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum found in smooth and striated muscle fibers whose function is to store and release calcium ions.

 

The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions during muscle contraction and absorb them during relaxation.

 

 

Term

 

 

 

 

TRANSVERSE TUBULES

(T-Tubes)

 

Definition

 

 

The Transverse, tubular extension of the Sarcolemma that extend deep into the sarcoplasm,

contacting cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Term

 

 

 

 

THICK FILAMENTS

Definition

 

 

A cytoskeletal filament in a skeletal or cardiac muscle cell, composed of:

  •  myosin with a core of titin
Term

 

 

 

 

THIN FILAMENTS

Definition

 

 

A cytoskeletal filament in a skeletal or cardiac muscle cell, consists of:

  •  actin
  •  troponin
  •  tropomyosin

Actin forms the backbone of a thin filament (associate the "tin" in actin with thin) The thin filaments look light and form the I-Band

 

 

Term

 

 

 

 

SARCOMERE

Definition

 

 

 

The smallest contractile unit of a

striated muscle cell

 

The sarcomeres are what give skeletal and cardiac muscles their striated appearance

Term

 

 

 

 

A BAND

Definition

 

 

The A Bands are called dArk

 

The length of the A-band equals the length of a thick filament but has some thin filament.

It also contains subdivisions of M Line, H-Band, and Zone of Overlap

Term

 

 

 

 

I BAND

Definition

 

 

Each I-Band, contains thin filaments only.

 

Extends from A-Band of one sarcomere to the A-Band of the next sarcomere

 

 

(Light Band)

Term

 

 

 

 

Z-LINE

Definition

 

 

 

Marks the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres. 

 

Consists of proteins called actinins which interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres.

 

(middle line of light band)

Term

 

 

 

 

H-ZONE

Definition

 

 

In a resting sarcomere,

H Zone/(band) is the lighter region on either side of the M-Line.  Contains only thick filaments

 

(line on either side of middle line of dark area)

Term

 

 

 

 

M LINE

Definition

 

 

 

The central portion of each thick filament is connected to its neighbors by proteins of the M-Line. 

These dark staining proteins help stabilize the positions of the thick filaments

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