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| Automatic Private IP Address (APIPA) is a feature in which clients obtain IP addresses when DHCP servers are down |
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| Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a command which displays IP address to MAC address mappings |
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| A forwarding technique which connects multiple network segments |
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| A shared communications line which uses a common backbone to connect all devices |
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| A switch in which the transmission is broken into smaller, fixed length pieces and is individually transmitted |
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| A switch which establishes a dedicated circuit for the duration of the transmission. Circuit switching opens communication lines through the telephone system |
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| An IP address system which organizes IP addresses into classes |
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| The first form of the Ethernet cable used in 10Base5 and 10Base2 networks. Coaxial cables contain an outer layer of insulation, an outer conductor, another insulating layer, and a central conductor |
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| A collection of computers and devices interconnected by communication channels that facilitate communications among users and allows users to share resources |
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| Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a TCP/IP protocol which temporarily assigns an IP address to a host automatically when the host connects to the network |
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| Domain Name System (DNS) is a naming system for computers, services, or any resources connected to the Internet or a private network |
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| Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) is a digital communication technology which uses copper telephone wiring to deliver high-speed transmissions |
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| A connection which uses a plain old telephone system or a public switched telephone network. Dial-up connections are much slower than wireless connections available today |
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| A number randomly assigned to a computer or network device by a DHCP server |
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| Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) is any disturbance that interferes with the operation of another electrical device. EMI may be caused by microwaves, electrical motors, fluorescent lighting, and many other factors |
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| A network type which allows organizations to share data with authorized users in outside organizations or companies |
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| A type of network media which contains glass fibers in which pulses of LED light are transmitted. Fiber optic cables are considered to be very fast and are not susceptible to EMI |
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| A computer security system which limits access to a computer or computer network while permitting authorized communications |
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| Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is an organization which oversees core Internet infrastructure management parameters, including port assignments |
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| Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a body which coordinates the technological development of the Internet, including standards |
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Definition
| A number assigned to each computer's or other device's network interface(s) which are active on a network supporting the Internet Protocol |
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Definition
| A protocol suite for securing Internet Protocol (IP) communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet of a data stream |
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Definition
| A connectionless protocol used on Ethernet networks. IPv4 is a unique identifier for a computer or device |
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Definition
| The newest version of IP, designed as the successor to IPv4. IPv6 has increased in address space from 32 to 128 bytes |
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| Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a high-speed digital network which comes from telephone services |
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| International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international-standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations |
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| International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the global technical standard-setting body for telecommunication services |
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| A global system of interconnected computer networks which use TCP/IP network protocols to facilitate data transmissions and exchange |
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Definition
| A private, internal computer network which uses Internet protocols to provide secure communication and data transmission |
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Definition
| A command which displays all TCP/IP network configuration values as well as refreshes DHCP and DNS settings |
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Definition
| Local area network (LAN) a computer network covering a small physical area, like a home, office, or small group of buildings |
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| A device which processes, forwards, or routes data at the data-link layer of the OSI model |
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Definition
| A device which will utilize the IP address rather than MAC address to perform functions. Performs similar functions as layer 2 switches |
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Definition
| Media Access Control (MAC) tables are switches which maintain a database of MAC addresses for both manually configured and dynamically learned entries |
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Definition
| Each node in the network acts as an independent router, the network hops from node to node until the destination is reached |
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| A component of dynamic routing which determines the best path to a destination by comparing a set of algorithms against the routing tables |
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| High-speed wireless Internet connection services designed to be used from arbitrary locations |
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| A command which displays current TCP/IP network connections |
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| An interconnected system of people or computers which communicate with each other through various means |
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| Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model is an abstract networking model used by network engineers when developing product lines. It is grouped into seven layers: the physical, data-link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layers |
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Definition
| A command which displays the degree of packet loss along any given network path |
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Definition
| A test to see if a particular host is reachable |
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Definition
| A switch which breaks transmissions into smaller, fixed length pieces and is individually transmitted. Packet switching is the most common form of data sharing |
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Definition
| A distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers. Peers are equally privileged, equivalent participants in the application |
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Definition
| A set of rules used by computers to communicate with each other across a network |
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Definition
| Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is a command which displays MAC address to IP address mappings, used for dumb terminals |
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Definition
| Data that travels from node to node, with each node along the way handling every packet, which forms a single continuous pathway for signals |
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Definition
| A hardware or software based device which interchanges data packets between computer networks. Routers are always connected between two networks |
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Definition
| A network cable which uses shielding cancellation that reduces electrical noise and prevents EMI |
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Definition
| One central switch, hub, or computer, which acts as a conduit to transmit messages |
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Definition
| A number permanently assigned to a computer or network device by the Network Administrator. Generally static IP addressing is used for higher-end servers and addresses that are not wanted to change |
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| A bridge with numerous ports |
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Definition
| Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a protocol developed for the Internet to get data from one network device to another |
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Definition
| A built-in, command line and terminal emulation application used to program a router |
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Definition
| A command which shows the route taken by packets across an IP network |
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Definition
| A type of network media which contains a pair of wires, which may be shielded or unshielded, in order to transmit electric signals between computer systems |
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Definition
| User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is an Internet Protocol which transmits data packets without error checking |
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Definition
| A network cable which contains eight individual color coded copper wires that are twisted together in pairs |
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| Virtual private network (VPN) is a computer network which uses tunneling protocols to provide secure access over an unsecure connection, such as a Wi-Fi hot spot |
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Definition
| Wide area network (WAN) is a network which is geographically widespread. WANs can be multiple networks or a single network |
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Definition
| A password which is exchanged between a wireless device and a router on routers using WEP security |
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Definition
| Electromagnetic waves or radio frequencies which carry a signal over an entire communication path |
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Definition
| A method which makes voice band and radio band frequencies work together |
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Term
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Definition
| Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge |
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