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| Second Industrial Revolution |
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| The Gilded Age in America was based on heavy industry such as factories, railroads and coal mining |
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| the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron. |
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| Transcontinental Railroad |
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| a railroad network of trackage that crosses a continental land mass |
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| an economic system in which the means of production are privately owned; supply, demand and price are mostly set by market forces rather than economic planning; and profit is distributed to owners who invest in businesses |
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| means allowing industry to be free from state intervention, especially restrictions in the form of tariffs and government monopolies |
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| Life to the fittest death to losers |
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| when a specific individual or an enterprise has sufficient control over a particular product or service to determine significantly the terms on which other individuals shall have access to it |
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| an American oil magnate. Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy |
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| was a Scottish-American industrialist, businessman, entrepreneur and a major philanthropist. |
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| the effort or inclination to increase the well-being of humankind, as by charitable aid or donations |
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| an American entrepreneur who built his wealth in shipping and railroads and was the patriarch of the Vanderbilt family. |
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| the largest and one of the most important American labor organizations of the 19th Century |
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| American Federation of Labor was one of the first federations of labor unions in the United States. It was founded in 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor |
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| an American inventor, scientist and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world |
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