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Mr. Roman Global History Vocab
Final Exam review
131
History
9th Grade
04/07/2009

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Cards

Term
Cold War
Definition
High Tension between US and Soviet Union
Term
Samurai
Definition
A member of the hereditary warrior class in feudal Japan
Term
Caste System
Definition
Social Class system of the Hinduism beliefs
Term
Shogun
Definition
Hereditary commander of the Japanese army who until 1867 exercised absolute rule under nomial leaders
Term
African Trade States
Definition
African countries that rely on trade of salt gold and oil
Term
Seppuku
Definition
Ritual suicide practiced by Japanese samurais also called Hara-Kiri
Term
Civil Service Exams
Definition
Tests to see if you can do a cretain job
Term
Daimyo
Definition
a feudal lord of Japan who was a large landowner
Term
Parlimentary Democracy
Definition
Elected group of officials
Term
"Unequal Treaties"
Definition
Treaties that favored one side over the other
Term
Dictatorship
Definition
form of government which a ruler holds power by force
Term
Traditional Society
Definition
society that is how it starts and maintains itself
Term
Isolationism
Definition
policy of avoiding foreign involvements
Term

Confucianism

(5 relationships)

Definition

Ruler; Ruled

Friend; Friend

Husband; Wife

Older Brother; Younger Brother

Father; Son

Term
Feudalism
Definition
local lords ruled the land
Term
Filial Piety
Definition
Respect your elders
Term
One Child Policy
Definition
Policy in China that parents can only have one child
Term
Islamic Fundamentalism
Definition
Belief in one god; Muslim movement against westernization, return to values of the Koran
Term
Arab
Definition
Living in the Middle East belief in Muslim or Islam
Term
Culture
Definition
all the things that make up people's way of life
Term
Polygamy
Definition
practice of having more than one spouse
Term
Chinese Communist Revolution
Definition
When Mao Zedong lead the Chinese government; the creation of China's communist government
Term
Creoles
Definition
American born Spanish settler desendents
Term
Nonalighment
Definition
Policy that didn't favor the United States or the Soviet Union during the Cold War
Term
Dynastic Cycle
Definition

A new ruler: Unites China, founds a new dynasty, and gains the Mandate of Heaven. Under the new dynasty, achieves prosperity and a new golden age. The population increases

Corruption becomes rampant in the imperial court, and the empire begins to enter decline and instability.

The ruler loses the Mandate of Heaven

Term
Hunter and Gatherer
Definition
Nomadic people; people who follow their food
Term
Reincarnation
Definition
Belief that the souls of people are reborn when they die
Term
Hammurabi's Code
Definition

First set of laws made in history.

In Babylon written on a stone tablet

Term
Karma
Definition
Belief that every deed (mental, physical) in life affects a person's fate
Term
Cradles of Civilization
Definition

where the first cities and towns wee first started

usually along rivers

Tigris and Euphrates, Yellow, Indus, and Nile river valleys

Term
Western World
Definition
The land in the Americas
Term
Encomienda
Definition
Right to demand labor from the native people
Term
Islamic World
Definition
The main area of Islam, in the Middle East
Term
Enlightened Thought
Definition
Thoughts or ideas that will keep you well minded
Term
Untouchables
Definition
Lowest caste in the Caste System; do the worst jobs
Term
Mercantalism
Definition
Theory that a country's economic strength depends on trade
Term
Animism
Definition
Belief that everything has a living spirit
Term
Peninsulares
Definition
Officials sennt from Spain to Latin America
Term
Daoism
Definition
Chinese philosophy meaning "the way" emphasizing the link between people and nature instead of the proper behavior. Religion featuring the yin and the yang
Term
Conquistadors
Definition
Spanish Conquerors
Term
Sepoys
Definition

an indigenous soldier serving in the army of a foreign of a foreign conqueror, especially an Indian soldier serving under the British command in India

Lowest rank in the British Indian Army and its succerssors, equivalent to private

Term
Cultural Diffusion
Definition
in anthropology, the process by which a cultural trait, material object, idea, or behavior pattern is spread from one society to another; also called diffusion
Term
Boxer Rebellion
Definition
The Boxer movement or Boxer Rebellion was a Chinese uprising from November 1899 to Siptember 7, 1901, against foreign influence in areas such as trade, politics, religion, and technology that occured in China during the final years of the Qing Dynasty
Term
O.P.E.C.
Definition
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Term
Imperialism
Definition
Policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies
Term
Mandates
Definition
  1. Authoritative command or instruction
  2. a Command or and authorization given by a political electorate to its representative
Term
Muezzin
Definition
The crier who, from a minaretor other high part of a mosque, at stated hours 5 time daily, intones a loud call summoning Muslims to prayer.
Term
Crusades
Definition
  1. Often Crusades of any military on any expeditions undertaken by European Christians in the 11th 12th and 13th centuries to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims
  2. Holy war under taken with papal sanction
Term
Regionalism
Definition
Strong local traditions that divide people within a country or region
Term
Jihad
Definition
A holy war undertaken as a sacred duty by Musilims
Term
Tiananmen Square
Definition
an extensive open area in central Beijing, China, the world's larges public square. In 1989 chinese troops fired on student demonstrators killing and estimated 2,000 or more
Term
Monotheism
Definition
Belief in a single God
Term
Opium War
Definition
War between Great Britain and China that began in 1839 as a conflict over the opium trade and ended in 1842 with the Chinese cession of Hong Kong to the Brithish, the opening of 5 Chinese ports to foreign merchants and the grant of other commercial and diplomatic privaleges in the Treaty of Nanking.
Term
Polytheism
Definition
the worship or belief in more than one god
Term
Bushido Code
Definition

Samurai warrior code was a strict code that demanded

  • Loyalty
  • devotion
  • and honor to the death
Term
Genocide
Definition
The systematic and planned extermination of an entire national, racial, political, or ethnic group
Term
Nationalism
Definition
  • Devotion to the intrests or culture of one's nation
  • Belief that nations benefit from acting independently, emphasizing national goals
  • Aspirations for national independance in a country under foreign domination
Term
Balfour Declaration
Definition
statement issued by the British government n November 2, 1917 favoring the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jews without prejudice to the civil and religous rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine
Term
White Man's Burden
Definition
supposed or presumedresponsibility of white people to govern and impart their culture to non white people, often advanced as a justification for European colonialism
Term

P.alestine

L.iberation

O.rganization

Definition
Organization established by Palestinian leaders in 1964 to set up a Palestine state, associated with terrorism
Term
Colonialism
Definition
  • the control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory or people
  • system or policy by which a nation matains or advocates such control or influence.
  • an dea, custom, or practice peticular to a colony
Term
Zionism
Definition
The belief that Jews should have their own nation; Jewish nationalism. The return of Jews to Palestine
Term
Communism
Definition
a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribedto the community as a whole or to the state
Term
Sepoy Mutiny
Definition
Revolt of the Sepoy troops in the British Indian Army (1857-1859) resulting in the transfer of the administration of India from the East India Company to Britain
Term
Cultural Diversity
Definition
Ethnic, Gender, Racial, and Socioeconomic varety in a situation, istitution, or group; the coexistance of different ethic, gender, tacial, and socioeconomic grous with one social unit
Term
Desertification
Definition
  • Process by which an area becomes a desert.
  • rapid depletion of plant life and the loss of topsoil at desert boundries and in semiarid regions, usually caused by combination of drought and the overexploitation of grasses and other vegetation by people
Term
Diet
Definition

The foods eaten, as by a particular person or group" The native diet consits of fish and fruit.

 

Food or feen habitually provided or partaken of: Televison has given us a steady deit of game shows and soap operas

Term
Sahel
Definition
The arid area on the South Flank of the sahara dwsert that streaches across six countries from Senegal to Chad
Term
Meiji Restoration
Definition
A turning point in Japanese history in 1868 when the last shogun was overthrown and the emperor assumed direct control over the nation. The following Meiji Period (1868-1912) was marked by Japan's opening to the West and the establishment of a strong central government
Term
Monsoons
Definition
  • Wind system that influences large climatic regions and reverses direction seasonally
  1. Wind from S or SW brings eavy rainfall to southern Asia in the summer.
  2. The rain that accompanies this wind
Term
Vertical Agriculture
Definition
Terracing or the planting of frost resistant potatoes in the Andes
Term
Deforestation
Definition
The conversion of forestedareas to non-forested land; the removal or destruction of significant areas of forest cover
Term
Pampas
Definition
The grassy plains that stretch from Argentina into Uraguay-known as the Breadbasket of South America
Term
Population Density
Definition
The average number of people that live on a square unit of land
Term
Tropics
Definition
Region of the world located between the earth's two "Sun Lines"
Term
Mediterranen Climate
Definition
Cool, wet winters an hot dry summers
Term
Veticle Climate
Definition
Where mountains and elevation make a huge impact on the climate on a region; temperatures decreases as elevation increases
Term
Savannahs
Definition
Open tropical grassland sometimes with scattering of shrubs and trees
Term
Tierra Fria
Definition
Climate in Latin American highlands with elevationsabove 6,000 ft; Spanish for cold land
Term
Rift Valley
Definition
3,700 mile crack in the earth's surface running from Syria to Mozambique
Term
Terracing
Definition
a leveled section of a hilly or mountainous in order to cultivate crops
Term
Silt
Definition
Soil that is deposited by water and usuallt rich and suitable fo agriculture
Term
Isthmus
Definition
Narrow strip of land. In Panama the site of the Panama Canal
Term
Barbarian
Definition
A term for an uncivilized uncultured person; Chinese viewed al westerners this way
Term
Archipelago
Definition
Large chain of islands
Term
Pan Africanism
Definition
Nationalist movement that began in the earlly 1900's and called for unifying all of Africa
Term
Ring of Fire
Definition
Area of earthquakes and volcanoes bordring Japan and other Pacific Islands
Term
Nationalist Movements
Definition
Pride in one's nation that is often showed through independence movements
Term
Amozonia
Definition
Largest lowland area in South America and site of the world's largest rain forest
Term
Chasqui
Definition
Ican "runner" of messages
Term
Coastal Plain
Definition
Low land areas that border oceans
Term
Conquistadors
Definition
Spanish Conquerors of Latin America
Term
Rain Shadow
Definition
When mountains block the flow of rain producing clouds
Term
Columbian Exchange
Definition
Global Exchange of people, goods, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres and or between the "New" World and the "Old" World
Term
Latin America
Definition
Regio of the world located south of the Rio Grande River including Central and South America and the Carribean
Term
Interdependance
Definition
Mutual Dependance of countries on goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the world
Term
Apartheid
Definition
Rigid seperation of the races by law in the Republic of South Africa
Term
Mestizo
Definition
People of mixed European and Native American ancestry
Term
Caudillo
Definition
Latin American military leader who seizes power and rules as a dictator
Term
Friendly Tyrant
Definition
Cold War dictator that helped with the U.S.policy to block the spread of communism in Latin America, Africa and Asia
Term
Deng Xiaoping
Definition
Gave economic freedom to the Chinese
Term
Fidel Castro
Definition
Leadr of Communist Cuba agreed to make Cuban Missle Crisis
Term
Vasco Da Gama
Definition
Portuguese captain who reached India in 1498 by sea
Term
Sun yat-sen
Definition
First president of Taiwan
Term
Jomo Kenyatta
Definition
Kenya's 1rst president
Term
Gamal abdul Nasser
Definition

President of Egypt

was assassinated

Term
Nelson Mandela
Definition
South African activist
Term
Kwame Nkrumah
Definition
Ghana's President lead the gold Coast to independance over the British in 1956
Term
Jawaharlal Nehru
Definition
Prime Minister of Asia
Term
Simon Bolivar
Definition
lead independence movement in South America
Term
Hernando Cortes
Definition
Spanish Conqueror of the Aztecs
Term
Miguel Hidalgo
Definition
Preist of Mexico lead an independence movement
Term
Mao Zedong
Definition
Communist leader of China
Term
Mansa Musa
Definition
emperor of Mali in 1324
Term
Confusis
Definition
Leader of Confusism believes in harmony
Term
Chiang Kai Shek
Definition
Friendly Tyrant of China to the US
Term
Mohandas Gandhi
Definition

Indian independance leader

leader of the Salt March

Term
Indira Gandhi
Definition
Indian political leader (Doughter of Jawaharlal Nehru)
Term
Siddhartha Guatama
Definition

Founder of the Buddist Religion

"reached Nirvana"

Term
Queen Victoria
Definition
Ruled in England during the British rule in India is known for her marble boat
Term
Mohammed
Definition
the messenger of god for the Islamic belief
Term
Mohammed Ali Jinnah
Definition
Muslim politician and leader of the All India Muslim League who founded Pakistan and served as its first Governor-General
Term
Shi Huangdi
Definition
Ruler during the Qin Dynasty unified china the 1rst emperor of China. Known for the introduction of Legalism
Term
Kim II Sung
Definition
North Korean political leader, cheifof state of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
Term
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Definition
Was the first founder and first shogun of Japan which ruled from 1603 til 1605 where he abdicated from office but remained in power until 1616 when he died
Term
Matthew Perry
Definition
He ws the US Navy Commander that opened trade with Japan
Term
Moctezuma
Definition
Was the fifth Aztec emperor.
Term
Emperor Hirohto
Definition
Japanese Emperor that led to Japan's involvement in World War 2
Term
Bartholomè de las Casas
Definition
born is Sivile in 1484. He became a priest in Cuba. Attempted to create a more equitable colonial society in Venezuela.
Term
Toussaint L'Ouverture
Definition
Leader of The independance movement in Hati. Freed blacks and secured native control over the colony in 1797 while nominally governor of the colony
Term
Augustin Pinochet
Definition
Chilean military leader and dictator. He used harsh measures to retain power and gain wealth through many unfair policies
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