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| a small area in the desert watered by springs and wells |
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| a member of a group that moves from place to place following food, water and grazing land for thier herds |
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| any system of social organization made up of village, bands, or other groups with a common ancestry, language, culture and name |
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| an image used as an idol of worship |
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| a journey to a sacred place or shrine |
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| a respected elder who guided the tribe |
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| cube shaped shrine built by Abraham & Ishmael about 4000 years ago according to Islamic teachings |
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| the sacred book of Islam that is believed to contain the relevations made to Muhammad by Allah |
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| the belief that there is only one god |
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| a religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad that believes in 1 god Allah' the laws of Islam are found in the Qur'an and the Sunna |
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| a believer/follower in/of Islam |
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| a Muslim house of worship |
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| traditional Islamic law observed by Orthodox Muslims and based on the teachings of Muhammad |
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| the civil and religious ruler of a Muslim state |
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| an assembly called to pick the next Muslim caliph |
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| the branch of Islam that follows orhtodox tradition and accepts the validity of the 1st 4 caliphs elected as successors to Muhammad |
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| a member of the branch of Islam that supports the descendants of Muhammad as his rightful successors |
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| one of Muhammads advisers who told Muslims that they worshiped Allah, not Muhammad |
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| a political unit often made up of a number of territories states or nations ruled by a single supreme authority |
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| a type of organization structured like a pyramid with one person at the top and many at the bottom workers at each level supervise those below them |
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| a prince, chieftain or governor especially in the middle east |
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| to disagree especially with the accepted doctrine of an established religion |
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| mountain range which somewhat seperated Spain and France |
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| something handed down from an ancestor something from the past |
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| King of Aragon in 1492/King of Spain |
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| Queen of Castile in 1492/Queen of Spain |
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| caliph from 685-705 who declared Arabic as official language, set common coinage and had religious architecture built |
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| Abbasid caliph who moved capital of Muslim Empire from Damascus to Baghdad |
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| famous Abbasid mathematician in early 800s; algebra is based upon his explorations in math |
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| Persian born physician of 900s who wrote 1st description of measles and small pox |
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| School in Baghdad(813-833) founded by Caliph al Mamun |
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| towers from where people would chant |
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| pulpit; where Imam would preach from |
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| calls people to prayer from minaret |
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