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Movements and Names of Skeletal Muscles
Names, locations and movements of major muscles as well as muscle terminology
50
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/28/2014

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Term
Origin
Definition
attachment of muscle to stationary base
Term
Insertion
Definition
muscle attached by a tendon to a movable bone
Term
Belly
Definition
thicker portion of muscle between tendons of origin and insertion
Term
Agonist
Definition
muscle that causes desired action; AKA prime mover
Term
Antagonist
Definition
relaxes while the prime mover contracts
Term
Synergists
Definition
movements that involve all muscles
Term
Fixators
Definition
reduce unnecessary movement to help agonist function more efficiently
Term
Biceps Brachii (Forearm)
Definition
origin- scapula
insertion- radius
action- flexion
Term
Triceps Brachii (Forearm)
Definition
origin- scapula/humerus
insertion- ulna
action- extension
Term
Supinator (Forearm)
Definition
origin- humerus/ulna
insertion- radius
action- supination
Term
Pronator Teres (Forearm)
Definition
origin- humerus/ulna
insertion- radius
action- pronation
Term
Pectoralis Major (Arm)
Definition
origin- clavicle/sternum
insertion- humerus
action- adduction/flexion/extension/rotation
Term
Deltoid (Arm)
Definition
origin- clavicle/scapula
insertion- humerus
action- abduction/flexion/extension/rotation
Term
Lattisimus Dorsi (Arm)
Definition
origin-T7-12/L1-5/pelvis
insertion- humerus
action- adduction/extension/rotation
Term
Rotator Cuff (Arm)
Definition
subscapularis/supraspinatus/infraspinatus/teres minor
Term
Rotator Cuff (Arm)
Definition
origin- scapula
insertion- humerus
action- rotation/abduction/adduction
shoulder strength, primary shoulder stability
(all 4)
Term
Brachialis (Forearm)
Definition
origin- humerus
insertion- ulna
action- flexion
Term
Pectoralis Minor (Shoulder)
Definition
origin- ribs 3-5
insertion- scapula
action- lateral, down and forward movements
Term
Serratus Anterior (Shoulder)
Definition
origin- ribs 1-9
insertion- scapula
action- "boxer's muscle"
Term
Trapezius (Shoulder)
Definition
origin- occipital/C7-T12
insertion- clavicle/scapula
action- medial and back movements/head extension
Term
Levator Scapulae (Shoulder)
Definition
origin- C1-5
insertion- scapula
action- elevation/rotation ("shoulder shrug")
Term
Rhomboid Major (Shoulder)
Definition
origin- T2-5
insertion- scapula
action- elevation/ medial and back movements
Term
Rectus Abdominus (Torso)
Definition
origin- pubis
insertion- ribs 5-7/ xiphoid
action- flexion/compression
Term
External Obliques (Torso)
Definition
origin- ribs 5-12
insertion- ilium/linea alba
action- flexion/lateral flexion/ rotation
Term
Intercostals (Breathing)
Definition
origin- ribs
insertion- ribs
action- contraction (inhalation)
Term
Diaphragm (Breathing)
Definition
origin- xiphoid/ribs 7-12/ L1-5
insertion- central tendon
action- relaxation (exhalation)
Term
Erector Spinae (Vertebral Column)
Definition
origin- all ribs/C, T, and L's
insertion- occipital/temporalis/ribs/vertebral column
action- extension/lateral flexion
Term
Quad Lumborum (Vertebral Column)
Definition
origin- ilium
insertion- rib 12/L1-4
action- extension/flexion
Term
Sternocleidomastoid (Vertebral Column)
Definition
origin- sternum/clavicle
insertion- temporal bone
action- neck flexion/rotation to opposite side
Term
Frontalis (Head/Face)
Definition
origin- epicranial aponeurosis
insertion- skin over orbit
action- eyebrow elevation
Term
Occipital (Head/Face)
Definition
origin- occipital/temporal
insertion- epicranial aponeurosis
action- scalp back
Term
Orbicularis Oculi (Head/Face)
Definition
origin- medial orbit
insertion- around orbit
action- closes eye
Term
Orbicularis Oris (Head/Face)
Definition
origin- around mouth
insertion- corners of mouth
action- lip movement
Term
Masseter (Head/Face)
Definition
origin- maxilla/zygomatic
insertion- mandible
action- clenches jaw
Term
Temporalis (Head/Face)
Definition
origin- temporal bone
insertion- mandible
action- elevates mandible
Term
Gluteus Maximus (Thigh)
Definition
origin- ilium/sacrum
insertion- femur/itb
action- extension/lateral rotation
Term
Gluteus Medius (Thigh)
Definition
origin- ilium
insertion- femur
action- abduction/medial rotation
Term
Adductor Longus (Thigh)
Definition
origin- pubis
insertion- femur
action- adduction/medial rotation/flexion
Term
Adductor Magnum (Thigh)
Definition
origin- pubis/ischium
insertion- femur
action- adduction/medial rotation/flexion
Term
Piriformis (Thigh)
Definition
origin- sacrum
insertion- femur
action- abduction/lateral rotation
Term
Sartorius (Thigh)
Definition
origin- ilium
insertion- tibia
action- crosses leg/thigh
Term
Sartorius (Thigh)
Definition
longest muscle in the body
Term
Tensor Fascia Latae (Thigh)
Definition
origin- ilium
insertion- iliotibial tract band (ITB)
action- abduction/flexion
AKA- TFL
Term
Quads (Leg)
Definition
rectus femoris/vastus lateralis/vastus intermedialis/ vastus medialis
Term
Quads (Leg)
Definition
origin- ilium/femur
insertion- patella (quadriceps tendon)/tibial tuberosity (patellar ligament)
action- leg extension
(all 4)
Term
Hamstrings (Leg)
Definition
biceps femoris/semitendinosus/semimembranosus
Term
Hamstrings (Leg)
Definition
origin- ischium/femur
insertion- fibula/tibia
action- flexes leg/extends thigh
(all 3)
Term
Gastrocnemius (Foot/Ankle)
Definition
origin- femur
insertion- achilles tendon
action- plantar flexion
Term
Soleus (Foot/Ankle)
Definition
origin- fibula/tibia
insertion- achilles tendon
action- plantar flexion
Term
Tibialis Anterior (Foot/Ankle)
Definition
origin- tibia
insertion- 1st metatarsal
action- dorsiflexion/inversion
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