Term
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Definition
| What is normal walking speed? |
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Term
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Definition
| What speed indicates mortality and morbidity? |
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Term
| reciprocal, symmetrical, and velocity dependent |
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Definition
| What three components should arm swing be? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| What is considered the 6th vital sign? |
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Term
1.) stability
2.) progression
3.) adaptability |
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Definition
| Three requirements of gait: |
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Term
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Definition
| is initial contact of one foot to initial contact of the OTHER foot |
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Term
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Definition
| is initial contact of one foot to initial contact of the SAME foot |
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Term
1.) Stance phase
2.) Swing phase
*Also includes push off phase between these 2 phases |
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Definition
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Term
1.) Stability
2.) Shock absorption
3.) Forward progression
4.) Muscular demand dependent on alignment |
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Definition
| Components of the stance phase: |
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Term
1.) Foot clearance
2.) Limb advancement
3.) Forward progression over contralateral limb
4.) Dependent on limb position at end of stance |
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Definition
| Components of the swing phase: |
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Term
| Central Pattern Generators (CPG) |
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Definition
| How does a gait pattern occur without the need for the descending neural pathway from the brain through the spinal cord? |
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Term
| Central Pattern Generators (CPG) |
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Definition
-Neuronal network contained in spinal cord (or brainstem), capable of generating rhythmic pattern of motor activity without sensory or supraspinal input (found around L2)
-The stepping reflex is proof that this is present at birth |
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Term
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Definition
| __________________ of plantar flexors creates hyperextension of knee during stance and reduces power of push off and ankle dorsiflexion for heel strike. |
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Term
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Definition
| Spasticity increases with..... |
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Term
| The client can't clear toe from surface (can't dorsiflex) |
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Definition
| What happens if there is spasticity in gastroc? |
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Term
| Less push off/momentum because the muscle is already activated |
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Definition
| What happens when a client has rigid plantar flexors? |
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Term
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Definition
| Functional risk of mobility with spasticity |
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Term
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Definition
| _______________ frequently accompanies neurological disorders such as CVA, CP, TBI. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive knee extension in stance phase of gait |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive knee flexion; frequent problem with CP |
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Term
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Definition
| Contralateral drop in pelvis during stance |
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Term
| Plantar flexor spasticity |
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Definition
| Client walks on toes; contributes to pathologic gait patterns in BOTH stance and swing phases of gait |
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Term
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Definition
Component of weakness in LE-
reduced ability to generate force; primary contributor to disorganized gait |
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Term
| number, type, & discharge frequency |
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Definition
| Weakness in LE muscles is the primary neuromuscular impairment affecting ___________________, __________, & _________________________ of motor neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
| Weakness in LE muscles affects both neural and non-neural components of... |
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Term
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Definition
Weakness in LE:
Causes difficulty controlling knee flexion during loading and midstance --> affects swing, and ability to control knee flexion during stance phase |
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Term
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Definition
Weakness in LE:
-Affects swing phase and ability to control our actions |
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Term
1.) Posterior pelvic tilt- use abdominals to help advance the leg
2.) Circumduction- using more abductors to swing their leg in a circle because they don't have strong flexors
3.) Vaulting- client's go onto toes of unaffected side to be able to clear the surface with the other leg
4.) Lateral lean- lateral weight shift to get the weight off of the affected side and clear the surface |
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Definition
| 4 things people do to compensate when they have weak hip flexors: |
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Term
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Definition
Weakness in LE:
-forward trunk lean that threatens stability |
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Term
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Definition
Weakness in LE:
-drop of pelvics on side contralateral to weakness (tredelenburg gait) |
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Term
Timed Up and GO
-Client starts in a chair and when they are ready to begin they will get up, walk 10 feet or 3 meters (usually to a cone), turn around, walk back, and sit back down. The client is timed from when they get up and sit back down (client back touching chair). |
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Definition
| What is the TUG? How is is conducted? |
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Term
-One practice run
-2 more trials conducted and counted
-Take average time from the 2 trials |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A score of greater than or equal to _____ seconds on TUG indicates fall risk |
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Term
-Use mirror to provide visual feedback
--Vertical stripe on a t shirt and a vertical line on a mirror - have the client line up the line on their t shirt with the line on the mirror
-Somatosensory feedback: Have client stand with back against wall, use a yardstick vertically on the wall and have them lean against it
-Kinetic feedback: Using 2 floor scales, have the client appropriately balance equal weight on each scale. Could also do this with a wii fit balance board |
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Definition
| How do you improve midline postural control during steady state balance? |
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Term
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Definition
| Reach and grasp begins with.... |
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Term
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Definition
Motor development of reach:
-reach with closed fist |
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Term
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Definition
Motor development of reach:
- hand opening with reach when the child visually fixates on an object |
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Term
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Definition
Motor development of reach:
-abled to use vision to guide reach |
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Term
|
Definition
Motor development of reach:
-reach moves from bimanual to unilateral |
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Term
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Definition
Motor development of reach:
-reach/grasp is more adult like |
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Term
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Definition
| Initially, grasp is _____________ to tactile input |
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Term
| Palmar grasp (intentional) |
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Definition
| What type of grasp develops after the initial reflex? |
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Term
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Definition
| What age does pincer grasp develop? |
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Term
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Definition
| At what age can an infant adapt reach to the weight of objects? |
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Term
| Lateral corticospinal tract |
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Definition
| This area of the brain controls fine motor grasp |
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Term
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Definition
| This area of the brain is the key system for predictive control of grip force and precision grip |
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Term
Cylindrical grasp
-Power grasp |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Oblique palmar grasp
-Power grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Opposed palmar grasp
-Power grasp |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Reverse transferse palmar grasp
-Power grasp |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Parietal Lobe tells object, shape, position, structure, and orientation.
From visual to parietal cortex.
What visual pathway? |
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Term
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Definition
Perception and object recognition info
From visual cortex to temporal lobe
What visual pathway? |
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Term
Dorsal Stream Pathway
Ventral Stream Pathway |
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Definition
Visual information for goal-directed reaching is transported into the brain along 2 parallel pathways.
What are they? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the primary role of vision in reach? |
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Term
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Definition
| With Damage to vision, reach is ______ and less _____ |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal adults show decrements when reaching to what side of body? |
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Term
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Definition
| Accuracy of _____ is NOT affected by vision limitations |
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Term
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Definition
More than 50% of spastic hemiplegic CP
CVA |
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Term
| Visual neglect or innattention |
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Definition
Damage to R hemisphere
difficulty reaching for objects to "blind" side |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased localization of objects and accuracy in reach/retrieval |
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Term
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Definition
| Fingers and thumb towards palm |
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Term
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Definition
| fore directed between fingers and thumb. Allows movement of objects within hand. |
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Term
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Definition
| Damage to what lobe affects somatosensory input which limits precision grip and in hand manipulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Damage to what lobe affects spatial orientation and therefore the ability to shape the hand to the object size and shape (more severe without vision input) |
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Term
Diagonal Volar grasp
-Combo of power and precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Ventral grasp
-Combo of power and precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Disk grasp
-Precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Dynamic lateral tripod
-Precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Inferior pincer grasp
-Precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Lateral grasp
-Precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Pad to pad grasp
-Precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Three jaw chuck
-Precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Tip pinch
-Precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Transverse digital grasp
-Precision grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Functional scissors grasp
-Miscellaneous grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Hook grasp
-Miscellaneous grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Interdigital grasp
-Miscellaneous grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Lumbrical grasp
-Miscellaneous grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Raking grasp
-Miscellaneous grasp |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Interdigital Tripod grasp
Mature Handwriting Grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Dynamic Tripod Grasp
Mature handwriting Grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Dynamic Quadrupod Grasp
Mature Handwriting Grasp |
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Definition
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Term
LATERAL TRIPOD GRASP
Mature Handwriting Grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Static tripod Grasp
Transitional Handwriting Grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Cross Thumb Grasp
Transitional Handwriting Grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Static Quadrupod grasp
Transitional Handwriting Grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Radial cross palmar
-Primitive handwriting grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Palmar supinate
-Primitive handwriting grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Digital Pronate grasp
-Primitive handwriting grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Brush grasp
-Primitive handwriting grasp |
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Definition
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Term
Grasp with extended fingers
-Primitive handwriting grasp |
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Definition
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