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Module 7: The Nervous System: Neurons and Neuroglia
Terminology
13
Anatomy
10th Grade
03/12/2013

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Term
Nerves
Definition
Bundles of axons and their sheaths which extend from the CNS
Term
Ganglia
Definition
Collections of neuron cell bodies which are outside of the CNS
Term
Spinal nerves
Definition
Nerves which originate from the spinal chord
Term
Cranial nerves
Definition
Nerves which originate from the brain
Term
Afferent neurons
Definition
Neurons which transmit action potentials from the sensory organs to the CNS
Term
Efferent neurons
Definition
Neurons which transmit action potentials from the CNS to the effector organs
Term
Somatic motor nervous system
Definition
The system that transmits action potentials from the CNS to the skeletal muscles
Term
Autonomic nervous system
Definition
The system that transmits action potentials from the CNS to the smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands
Term
Sympathetic division
Definition
Division of the ANS that generally prepares the body for physical activity
Term
Parasympathetic division
Definition
Division of the ANS that regulates resting and nutrition-related functions such as digestion, defecation, and urination
Term
Association neuron
Definition
A neuron that conducts action potentials from one neuron to another neuron within the CNS
Term
Excitability
Definition
The ability to create an action potential in response to a stimulus
Term
Potential difference
Definition
A measure of the charge difference across the cell membrane
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