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Module 5: Muscle Histology and Physiology
Terminology
11
Anatomy
10th Grade
01/11/2013

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Term
Sarcomere
Definition
The repeating unit of a myofibril
Term
Neuron
Definition
The functional unit of the nervous system, a nerve cell
Term
Synapse
Definition
The interface between a nerve cell and another cell
Term
Neurotransmitter
Definition
A chemical released by a neuron. This chemical travels across the synaptic cleft, allowing the neuron to communicate with another cell
Term
Motor unit
Definition
One motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
Term
All-or-none law of skeletal muscle contraction
Definition
An individual muscle fiber contracts with equal force in response to each action potential
Term
Subthreshold stimulus
Definition
A stimulus too small to create an action potential in a neuron
Term
Threshold stimulus
Definition
A stimulus strong enough to create one action potential in a neuron
Term
Submaximal stimuli
Definition
Stimuli of increasing strength that create more action potentials along more neurons
Term
Maximal stimulus
Definition
A stimulus which is stronger enough to create action potentials in all the motor neurons innervating a whole muscle
Term
Muscle tone
Definition
The state of partial contraction in a muscle, even when the muscle is not being used
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