Shared Flashcard Set

Details

MJCC A&P2
ch#6
68
Anatomy
Not Applicable
11/15/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
acetabulum
Definition
socket portion of the ball & socket hip joint
Term
articular process
Definition
process of the vertebra that forms a synovial joint with an adjacent vertabra
Term
articular surface
Definition
smooth joint surface of a bone that contacts another bone in a synovial joint
Term
atlas
Definition
1st cervical vertebra---forms the atlanto-occipital joint with the occipitalbone of the skull & the alantoaxial joint with the axis
Term
axis
Definition
2nd cervical vertebra---forms the atlantoaxial joint with the atlas
Term
cancellous bone
Definition
spongy bone---form of bone composed of seemingly randomly arranged spicules of bone seperated by spaces filled with bone marrow---found in the ends of long bones & interiors of the other bones
Term
cannon bone
Definition
large metacarpal or metatarsal bone of hoofed animals
Term
carpus
Definition
joint made of the carpal bones---knee of horses & wrist of humans
Term
cartilaginous joint
Definition
joint that the bones are united by cartilage---aka: amphiarthrosis---only a slight rocking motion is permitted between the bones
Term
cervical vertebrae
Definition
bones of the neck portion of the spinal column
Term
coccygeal vertebrae
Definition
bones of the tail portion of the spinal column
Term
compact bone
Definition
heavy dense bone made up of tiny, tightly compact, laminated cylinders of bone called haversian systems---makes up the shafts of long bones & the outer surfaces of all bones
Term
condyle
Definition
large, rounded articular surface ex:distal ends of the femur & humerus
Term
costal cartilage
Definition
cartilaginous ventral portion of a rib
Term
costochondral junction
Definition
junction between the bony cartilaginous portions of a rib
Term
fibrous joint
Definition
immovable joint---aka: synarthrosis bones are firmly united by fibrous tissue---ex: most skull bone joints
Term
flat bones
Definition
bones that're relatively thin & flat made of 2 thin plates of compact bone seperated by a thin layer of cancellous bone ex: most skull bones
Term
foramen
Definition
hole in a bone
Term
foramen magnum
Definition
large hole in the occipital bone where the spinal cord exits the skull
Term
fossa
Definition
depressed or sunken area on the surface of a bone---usually occupied by muscles or tendons in living animals
Term
irregular bones
Definition
bone that does not fit into the other 3 catagories---ex: vertebrae, sesamoid bones, & some skull bones
Term
joint
Definition
junction between 2 bones
Term
long bones
Definition
bones that're longer than they are wide---ex:limb bones
Term
lumbar vertebrae
Definition
group of vertebrae located dorsal to the abdominal reagion
Term
manubrium sterni
Definition
1st, most cranial sternebra
Term
metacarpals
Definition
bones of the thoracic limbs, located between the carpus & the phalanges
Term
metatarsals
Definition
bones of the pelvic limbs, located between the tarsus & the phalanges
Term
obturator foramina
Definition
pair of large holes in the pelvis, located on either side of the pelvic symphysis seems to be there to lighten the pelvis, as nothing passes through them
Term
olecranun
Definition
large process on the proximal end of the ulna, forms the point of the elbow---where the tendon of the triceps brachii muscle attaches
Term
patella
Definition
aka: kneecap---largest sesamoid bone in the body---located on the front surface of the stifle joint, in the tendon of the large quadraceps femoris muscle, rides in the trochlea of the femur
Term
pelvis
Definition
most proximal bone of the pelvic limb---aka: os coxae---attaches to the sacrum dorsally at the sacroiliac joints, forms the hip jointswith the heads of the femurs---has 3 parts: ilium, ischium, & pubis
Term
phalanges
Definition
bones of a digit (finger or toe)
Term
process
Definition
lump, bump, or othe projection on a bone---can be articular (contribute to joint formation) or nonarticular (usually where tendons attach
Term
sacral vertebrae
Definition
vertebrae of the pelvic region fuse into a solid structure called the sacrum
Term
sesamoid bones
Definition
bone present in some tendons act as bearings over the joint surface
Term
short bones
Definition
small cube or marshmallow shaped bones---ex:carpus bones
Term
spinous process
Definition
single dorsally projecting process of a vertebrae
Term
splint bones
Definition
vestigial metacarpal & metatarsal bones of a horse's leg---2 splint bones on each leg, on either side of the cannon bone
Term
synovial joint
Definition
freely moving joint---aka: diarthrosis
Term
tarsus
Definition
joint composed of the tarsal bones---hock in most animals, ankle in humans
Term
thoracic vertebrae
Definition
group of vertebrae located dorsal to the thoracic region
Term
transverse process
Definition
a lateral projecting process of a vertebrae
Term
xiphoid process
Definition
last, most caudal sternebra
Term
What are the 5 functions of bone?
Definition
1) support
2) leverage
3)protect
4)storage
5) blood cell formation
Term
axial skeleton
Definition
bones along the central axis of the body---skull, hyoid, spinal column, ribs, & sternum
Term
pelvic limb
Definition
the hind limb
Term
thoracic limb
Definition
front limb
Term
ligament
Definition
fibrous tissue that connect bone to bone
Term
tendon
Definition
conects muscle to bone
Term
epiphyseal plate
Definition
growth plate of a long bone---located at the junction of the proximal & distal epiphyses with the diaphysis---areas where the bone grows in length---when fully grown the plates ossify & the bone quits growing
Term
skull bones
Definition
bones of the cranium & face
Term
maxillary bones
Definition
most of the upper jaw
Term
mandible
Definition
lower jaw bone
Term
parietal bones
Definition
dorsolateral bones of the cranium
Term
temporal bones
Definition
form the lateral walls of the cranium, contain the middle & inner ear structures
Term
frontal bones
Definition
forehead area---also the cornual process of horned animals is an extension of the frontal bones
Term
occipital bone
Definition
caudal-most bone of the skull
Term
nasal bones
Definition
form the bridge of the nose
Term
nasal conchae
Definition
thin, scroll-like bones found in the nasal cavity
Term
zygomatic arch
Definition
cheek bones
Term
radius
Definition
main weight bearing bone of the lower arm/thoracic limb
Term
phalanges
Definition
digits bones (fingers & toes)
Term
ulna
Definition
long bone of the lower thoracic limb (arm) that has proximal process forming the point of the elbow
Term
humerous
Definition
long bone of the upper thoracic limb
Term
fibula
Definition
small long bone of the lower pelvic limb
Term
tibia
Definition
main weight bearing long bone of the lower pelvic limb
Term
femur
Definition
long bone of the upper pelvic limb
Term
stifle joint
Definition
"knee" joint
Supporting users have an ad free experience!