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| pardoning a person for criminal acts |
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| laws passed by southern state legislatures to keep African Americans in slave like conditions |
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| northerners who travelled to the south to support republicans and create businesses |
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| requiring sharecroppers to pay for debt with part of what they grew |
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| country stores or suppliers who let african americans buy goods on credit with as much as 40% interest |
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| gaining money illegally through politics |
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| term given for the house of representatives charging a government official with a crime |
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| when the president rejects a bill by leaving it unsigned until after congress adjourns |
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| southerners who supported republican politicians and/or african american rights |
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| tax on alcohol or tobacco |
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| pieces of land on reservations given out to native americans for farming |
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| payments made on reservation dwellers |
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| to be absorbed into a society or culture |
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| wheat growing area that covered up to 50,000 acres and generated large profits |
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| method that involved planting seeds deep in the ground where there was enough moisture for them to grow |
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| region that extended westward to the rocky mountains from the 100th parallel |
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| president grant's administration grew weak because... |
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Definition
| of corruption and a bad economy |
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| the compromise of 1877 led to... |
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Definition
| the withdrawl of union troops from the south |
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| a tract of public land available for settlement |
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| stray calf that had identifying brand |
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| people who moved from place to place and had no permanent settlement |
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| vast areas of government owned grassland used by cowhands to graze cattle |
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| using simple equipment like picks shovels and pans to find ore |
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| mining technique used by corporations which dug deep beneath the earth's surface |
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| people who plowed the soil on the great plains |
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| group of self appointed volunteers who tracked down and punished wrongdoers |
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| when an impartial third party helps workers and management reach an agreement |
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| companies that can only hire union members |
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| organization owned by many people but treated under the law as though it were a single person |
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| a rise in the value of money |
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| when corporations make goods more cheaply because they produce so much so quickly |
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| a person who risks their capital in organizing and running a business |
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| costs a company has to pay, whether or not it is operating |
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| the total value of all goods and services produced by a country |
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| a company that owns the stock of other companies that produce goods |
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| tactic used by business owners to prevent workers from forming unions |
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| costs that occur when running a company |
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| agreements to maintain prices at a certain level |
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| four regions created in the U.S. to make rail service safer and more reliable |
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| a legal concept that allows one person to maanage another person's property |
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Definition
| method of running a company in which a company owns all the businesses on which it depends for its operation |
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| the business practice of combining many firms in the same industry into one big corporation |
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| unions made up of workers with specific skills |
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| unions that united all craft workers and common workers in an industry |
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| the dominance of a particular market by one company |
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| shares of ownership in a company |
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| male-dominated towns that sprang up suddenly due to mineral strikes |
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| the process of becoming knowledgeable about american culture |
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| a processing center in california for asain immigrant (like ellis island) |
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| tiny island in N.Y. Harbor that processes immigrants |
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Definition
| getting money through dishonest or questionable means |
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| an extreme dislike for foreigners and a desire to limit immigration |
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| a new style of writing that suggested that some people failed in life because of circumstances beyond their control |
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| the using of one's wealth to further social progress |
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Definition
| an informal political group designed to gain and keep power. |
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| music with syncopated rhythms that grew out of riverside honkey-tonks, saloon pianists, and banjo players |
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Definition
| a movement in art and literature that attempted to portray people realistically |
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Definition
| residences in poor neighborhoods in which middle class people lived and helped poor people |
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Definition
| tall steel frame buildings |
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Definition
| the most basic and cheap accomodations on a steam ship |
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Definition
| dark and crowded multi-family apartments in cities |
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| a theater show that included animal acts, acrobats, gymnasts, and dancers |
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Definition
| marketing institutions that pooled farmers' resources and held them off the market to increase prices |
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Definition
| an increase in the value of money |
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Term
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Definition
| allowed men to vote if they had an ancestor on the voting rolls in 1867 |
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Definition
| scale that taxed higher incomes more heavily |
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| paper currency that could not be exchanges for gold/silver |
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Definition
| a decline in the value of money |
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| laws that enforced segregation in the south |
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Definition
| when government jobs were given to the winning party in an election |
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Definition
| fee imposed in order for a person to vote |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement to increase farmers' political power and to work for legislation in their interest |
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| the belief that english speaking nations had superior character, ideas and government and should dominate |
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Definition
| to formally add an area of land as a nation's territory |
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Definition
| policy in which the U.S. helped Latin America and Asia economically to promote stablility |
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Definition
| the economic and political domination of a strong nation over other weaker nations |
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Definition
| an attitude of aggressive nationalism in the republican party |
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Definition
| president when the U.S. entered the spanish-american war |
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Definition
| policy supported by mckinely and hay in which all countries would be allowed to trade with china |
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Term
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Definition
| the idea that the U.S. and latin america should work together |
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Definition
| area purchased by the U.S. territoryy after the spanish-american war ($20 million) |
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Definition
| conditions that cuba was forced to accept including U.S. naval stations, debt conditions, and limitted treaty making capability |
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Definition
| area made a U.S. territory after the spanish-american war |
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Definition
| served as assistant secretary of the navy during the spanish american war |
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Definition
| an area where a foreign nation controlled economic development, as in china |
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Definition
| sensationalistic and exaggerated reporting |
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Definition
| a journalist who uncovers abuses and corruption in a society |
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Definition
| a reform that allowed a group of citizens to introduce legislation and required the legislature to vote on it |
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Term
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Definition
| a party election in which all party members could vote for a candidate to run in the general election |
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Definition
| a system of city government in which a board of commissioners with expertise in city services hires specialists to run city departments |
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Definition
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Definition
| a reform that allowed proposed legislation to be submitted to the voters for apporoval |
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Definition
| a reform that allowed voters to demand a special election to remove an elected official from office before his of her term had expired |
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Term
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Definition
| moseration/elimination of alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
| laws banning manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcohol |
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Definition
| idea that gov. should own and opperate industry for the community as a whole |
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Term
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Definition
| muckracker, wrote about poor conditions facing many immigrant neighborhoods in NYC |
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Definition
| republican governor of wisconsin who attacked the way political parties ran their conventions and introduces the direct primary |
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Term
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Definition
| political movement that crossed party lines which believed that industrialism and urbanization had created many social problems and that government should take a more active role in dealing with these problems |
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Definition
| suffragist that formed the national women's party |
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Definition
| reform programs of roosevelt |
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Definition
| settlement imposed by an outside party |
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| giant holding company broken up by roosevelt |
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Definition
| law intended to strengthen the interstate commerce commission |
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| author of the jungle, which described horrible conditions in the meat packing industry |
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| speaker of the house under taft |
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| law passed during the taft administration that did not effectiverly lower tarriffs |
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| taft's secretary of the interior who was a conservative corporate lawyer |
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Definition
| direct tax on earnings of individuals and corporations |
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Definition
| business practices that unfairly limited competition |
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Definition
| new political party, nickname: bullmoose party |
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Definition
| suggested reform programs of roosevelt in the 1912 election |
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Definition
| suggested reform programs of woodrow wilson in the 1912 election |
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Definition
| law that set up a central banking system in 1913 |
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Definition
| agency ycreated by congress to monitor american business |
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Term
| national association for the advancement of colored people |
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Definition
| (NAACP) association formed in 1909 to bring an end to lynching and radical discrimination |
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