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| Land bridge that connected Alaska to Siberia. |
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| First people to reach the Americas, the Native Americans, got there by... |
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| First civilization in Central America. Grew surplus extra food. Huge stone heads and stone temples. Made accurate calendars so they could make predictions. |
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| Priests had great power and were the only ones allowed to perform ceremonies over good harvests and successful battles. Good at math and atronomy. Abandoned cities in A.D. 900. |
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| Nomads. Tenochtitlan was their capital city in middle of lake. Complex calendars that predicted everything. Sacrificed thousands of people each year to the gods. |
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| Cuzco was holy city, capital and had many palaces and temples decorated with gold. Emperor regarded as a god. Royals carry quipus. Skilled engineers. Became experts at making terraces off of mountainsides. |
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| A cord with knots that stand for quantities. Royals carry them around often. |
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| Holy city in Andes Mountains. Massive palaces and temples made of stone and decorated with gold. Capital of Incan civilization. |
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| Powerful capital in middle of lake. Causeways stretched out to mainland. Capital of Aztec civilization. |
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| A town in the Spanish Colonies; Anasazi village. |
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| Name for various North American cultures that built large, Earth mounds beginning abou 3,000 years ago. |
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| Extra; condition that exists when income exceeds spending. (Food in their situation) |
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| Houses made of wood. Seafood. Animal-themed masks. |
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| Cone-shaped houses. Salmon and shellfish. |
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| Houses made partially underground. Salmon extremely important! Homes built along rivers. |
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| Temporary shelters made of willow poles. Extreme weather highs and lows. Difficult place to live due to lacking in food and water. |
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| Houses made from adobe. Very hot and lack of water. pueblo villages. |
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| Houses made from buffalo skins to make tipi. BUFFALOOO!! |
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| Houses built from trees, leaves and flax. Mound builders. Homes built around the mounds. |
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| Sturdy, long-frame houses. Algonquian and Iriquois languages spoken. |
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| A group of people who settle in a distant land but are still ruled by the government of their native land. |
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| The name for Spanish explorers who claim land in the Americas for Spain. |
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| A fort where soldiers live in the Spanish colonies. |
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| Someone born in Spain that holds the highest jobs in church and government. |
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| Person born in the Americas to Spanish parents. Just below Peninsulares. |
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| Person of mixed Spanish and Indian background. Below Creoles. |
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| Land Grant that states the right to demand labor or taxes from Native Americans. |
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| Large estate farmed by many workers. |
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| A waterway through or around North America. |
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| Agreement between nations to aid and protect one another. |
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| Legal document giving certain rights to a person or government. |
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| Representatives to the government of Virginia. |
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| English settlers who sought religious freedom in the Americas. |
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| Mistreatment or punishment of certain people because of their beliefs. |
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| A 1620 agreement for ruling the Plymouth Colony. |
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| He circumnavigated the globe. |
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| Traveled to Florida in 1513 in search of the Fountain of Youth. |
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| Caught in storm off of the Gulf of Mexico. Supposedly joined a tribe. |
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| 1539-1542 explored Florida to Mississippi. |
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| Traveled to Arizona, New Mexico and the Grand Canyon in search of gold. |
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| Discovered America in 1492. Figured out Earth was round. |
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| Threw Muslims out. End reconquista. |
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-Spread religion and disease, wiping out Native culture.
-Europeans become curious of new world, take Natives as slaves.
-Magellan circumnavigates the Globe.
-Columbian Exchange begins. |
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| A dramatically widespread exchange between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. |
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| Stopped Native American slavery and promoted African slavery. |
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| Starts in 1517. Causes divisions. England(Anglican). Spain(Catholic). Dutch and German(Protestant). |
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| Giovanni da Verrazano and Jacques Cartier |
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| French. Traveled Carolinas through Canada for Northwest Passage. Got halfway up. |
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| Henry Hudson and Peter Minuit |
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| Netherlands. Purchased Manhatten and settled in New Netherlands (York). |
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| Swampy. Little to eat. No gold. Pocahontas and John Smith. Tobacco crops of 1612 saved this place. |
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| Without them, the Pilgrims would have never survived. They helped the Pilgrims plant crops. |
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| A dwelling in which the floor level is below the surrounding ground level. |
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| A masked dancer during a pueblos religious ceremony who is thought to embody some particular spirit. |
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| A religious colony or religious group sent out to spread their religion. |
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