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Midterm Questions
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41
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
06/12/2013

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
what is a step in the bone remodeling process
Definition
combo of osteoclast activity/ appositionsal growth at peri & endo
Term
name something in the right femoral region
Definition

anything on the right side of the body

ex. right arm

Term
what are the three parts of a feedback system?
Definition
receptor, control center (intergrator), effector
Term
what does an integrator do/what is it
Definition
decision maker; brain & spinal cord
Term
what are the zones of cartilage
Definition
  1. zone of resting (quiescent) cartilage- epiphyseal side (mitosis)
  2. zone of proliferating cartilage- mitosis
  3. zone of hypertrophic cartilage- cartilage cells enlarging
  4. zone of calcified cartilage- during cartilage cells on diaphyseal side
Term
what is the difference between compact and spongy bone?
Definition

compact bone is heavy and compact..

 

spongy bone is light and fibrous

Term
what is the difference between a positive and a negative feedback system?
Definition

positive- strengthensor reinforces change in one of the body's controlled conditions

 

Negative- revearses change in controlled situation

Term
what is an osteocyte?
Definition
bone cell
Term
what is an osteoblast?
Definition
builds bone
Term
what is an osteoclast?
Definition
breaks down bone
Term
what is a osteoprogenitor cell?
Definition

immature osteocyte

 

turns into osteoblasts

Term
where are osteocytes found?
Definition
lacuna in the lamellae
Term
what does a covalent bond do?
Definition
share electrons
Term
how many electrons does a single covalent bond share?
Definition
1e-
Term
Hypotonic solution
Definition
low pressure inside the cell so water comes in and inflates the cell
Term
what is a property of the plasma membrane?
Definition
  1. cell boundary
  2. controls passage of things going in and out
  3. controls interactions communication
Term
what is synovial fluid?
Definition
consistance of egg white, clear yellow viscous fluid made of hyaluronic acid and interstiiial fluid
Term
Where does synovial fluid come from?
Definition
from blood plasma.
Term
What are the properties of a snyovial cavity?
Definition
Term
If something is placed in a hypertonic solution, what happens to it?
Definition
hypertonic solution-has high osmotic pressure and a lot of solutes; makes cell flat
Term
What are two major tissue types?
Definition

nervous tissue

epithelial tissue

Term
What is a bursa?
Definition
fluid-filled structures strategically places to minimize friction in the tendon sheath
Term
What is a tendon sheath?
Definition
tube like bursae wrap around tendons that expirience a lot of friction
Term
What is a menisci?
Definition
pads of dense fibrocartilage in joints where hyaline cartilage predominates
Term
Articular cartilage is composed of what kind of cartilage?
Definition
hyaline cartilage
Term
What region of bone would you find articulating cartilage?
Definition
epiphysis of long bones
Term
List three different types of connective tissue.
Definition

1. cartilage

2. bone

3. blood

Term
What is a symdesmosis?
Definition

fibrous joint in which there is a greater distance between articulating surface, and more dense irreg. CT than in suture 

ex: fibula and tibia

Term
List layers of skin from superficial to deep
Definition

stratum corneum

stratum lucidum

stratum granulosum

stratum spinosum

stratum basale

Term
In thin skin, which layer would be missing?
Definition
lucidum
Term
What is an isotonic contraction?
Definition
where the muscle shortens
Term
What is the connective tissue layer found around the bone called, and what it is it composed of(tissue type)?
Definition
periosteum/dense irregular CT
Term
What is the latent period?
Definition
the time period (delay) between receipt of stimulus by a sensory nerve and the response to it
Term
What is the region of a long bone that articulates with another bone?
Definition
articulating cartilage
Term
What is a motor unit?
Definition
a motor neuron and skeletal muscle fibers working together to coordinate contraction of a muscle
Term
What produces striations in skeletal muscle tissue?
Definition
arrangement in myofilaments
Term
What are the names of the carpal bones?
Definition

Scaphoid

Lunate

Trapezium

Pisiform

Trapezoid

Treiquertnum

Capitate

Hamate

Term
What is a gomphosis?
Definition
bolt/nail: specialiazed syndesmosis joint which pegs(teeth) fir into sockets (alveoli).
Term
What is the name of a muscle cell membrane?
Definition
sarcolemma
Term
What is the smallest unit of a muscle?
Definition

sarcomere

 

Term
What do you find in the H zone?
Definition
thick filaments only
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