Term
| Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi |
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Definition
| Infectious pneumonia in foals; anorectic nasal discharge (can appear like strangles); late in spring and summer; Gram + pleomorphic rod, acid-fast. BAP: 1 cm diameter colonies after 2 days of growth. Raised, moist, translucent, regular outline. Begin white, but turn pink w/ time. Encapsulated, catalase +, non-hemolytic. Control: hygiene & isolation. |
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Term
| Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis |
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Definition
| Pus resembles layers of onion, thick & caseous. Produces Caseous Lymphadenitis in sheet & goats. Begins as Wound infection. Control centers around reducing wounds during shearing, isolution or culling, & autogenous vaccines. Gram + pleomorphic rod. BAP: looks like a wart, dry & scaly. |
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Term
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Definition
| Short, stumpy, Gram + rods. Non-motile, non-spore forming, non-encapsulated. Transmission occurs through contact of contaminated urine w/ vulva of susceptible animals. Causes pyelonephritis through ascending infection from urethra. On BAP: Opaque, ivory-colored, dull colonies w/ uneven margins. |
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Term
| General signs of Johne's Disease (Mycobacterium paratuberculosis) |
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Definition
Weakness
Anorexia
Dyspnea
Emaciation
Control: Treatment no attempted because it is not economical. Animals killed to prevent spreading. |
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Term
| Mycobacterium paratuberculosis |
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Definition
| ***Johne's Disease; Gram +, short, thick rod, acid-fast; VERY slow growth, 6-8 weeks @ 37C. Transmitted through feces. Infection usually occurs during 1st year of life. Resembles cheese curd or chalky. BAP: smooth, raised, dull white w/ thin irregular borders. |
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Term
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Definition
| ***Tuberculosis; ZOONOTIC=ingestion of contaminated milk. Gram + rod, acid-fast. Intradermal skin testing used for diagnosis. Culturing is difficult. Tissue prep used. Transmitted by droplet inhalation (older animals), by contaminated feed (younger animals), also congenital, genital and cutaneous routes. Chronic disease, lesions in lungs and lymph nodes. Affected animals are killed to prevent spread. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gram +. Colonies are dry & thickened & heap up to produce cauliflower-like appearance. Requires a special medium containing egg yolk. Thin, straight rods; non-motile; non-spore forming; aerobic. 5% CO2 enhances growth. Requires 3-4 weeks for visible colonies. High waxy content resists phagocytosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Causes systemic & local infections in dogs, mastitis in cattle. Gram +, acid fast, non-spore forming, non-motile, aerobic rods w/ branching hyphae. Grows best at 25 or 37 C. Takes 4-5 days. Transmission by inhalation, ingestion or inoculation. BAP: raised, heaped, folded, granular colonies w/ irregular borders w/ a yellow/orange pigment. Grows well on BAP. |
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Term
| Predisposing factors and control of Dermatophilus congolensis |
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Definition
| 1. high ambient temps; 2. high humidity; 3. wet environment; 4. ectoparasites. Control: isolate or cull affected animals, control ectoparasites, application of disinfectants. |
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Term
| Dermatophilus congolensis |
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Definition
| Gram + branching hyphal elements, commonly fragment to form coccoid or elongate, non-motile elements. Narrow tapering filaments w/ lateral branching at right angles. BAP: grayish-white, becoming yell w/ age. Smooth, moist, mucoid, sometimes viscous, adherent to medium. |
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Term
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Definition
| Actinomycosis or "Lumpy Jaw" in cattle, but can affect horses. Most are normal and obligate parasite of oropharynx and digestive tract. Opportunistic invader. BAP: small, non-hemolytic, rough, modular colonies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gram + filamentous rod. Resembles fungi. May be rod-shaped, diptheroid or coccoid. Non-spore forming. Most are anaerobic and catalase -. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gram +, small pleomorphic rods in palisades (Chinese letters). Non-spore forming, clubbed at one or both ends, non-motile, aerobic or microaerophilic. |
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Term
| Actinomyces (Corynebacterium) pyogenes |
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Definition
| Most important pathogen causing pyrogenic processes in cattle, sheep, goats and pigs. Abscesses w/ foul smelling, greenish-yellow pus. Endogenous-on skin and MM. Exogenous-inhalation and direct contact. BAP: hemolytic, small, translucent, pinpoint colonies, beta hemolysis fter 36 hours. |
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Term
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Definition
| Psittacosis in parrot family. Ornithosis in non-psittacine birds. Enzootic abortion in ewes. Polyarthritis in cows. Diarrhea in calves w/ no colostrum. All birds entering US and Canada quarantined 30-45 days and fed chlortetracycline. |
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Term
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Definition
| Q Fever in people. Mastitis in cows. Most heat resistant of all bacterium. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of the Rickettsia genus. Potomac Horse Fever. Loss of appetite, depression, fever, leukophenia, explosive diarrhea, laminitis in 20-30%, rarely survive laminitis. |
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Term
Ehrlicia canis (dogs)
Ehrlichia equi (horses) |
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Definition
| Ehrlichiosis in dogs and horses. Transmission through ticks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Tick Fever; transmitted through ticks. Affects people, rodents, rabbits, dogs...but mostly horses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gram - pleomorphic cocci or rods. Culture only in tissue or cell cultures. Obligate, intracellular. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lyme disease in dogs. Transmitted through Ixodes (ticks). Vaccine 90-98% effective. Control by rapid removal of ticks or using Frontline. Fever, inappetance, lethargy, lymphadenopathy, lameness/pain. Chronic: worsened arthritis may switch legs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loosely coiled, flagellated. Microaerophilic, Gram -, poorly staining. Transmission through ticks or infected poultry droppings. Causes borreliosis in birds. |
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Term
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Definition
| ZOONOTIC. Gram - spiral rods. Unflagellated, tightly coiled w/ rotating corkscrew motility. Obligate anaerobes. Diagnosis through paired acute & convalescent serum samples for antibodies. Urine principal source of infection. Contracted by people drinking raw milk. Contact w/ infected animals. Swimming in contaminated water. Control through vaccination. |
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Term
| Name the nine Mycoplasma species |
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Definition
| 1. M. mycoides-contagious pleuropneumonia in cattle. 2. M. agalactiae-contagious agalactiae and arthritis in sheep & cattle. 3. M. bovis-severe mastitis. 4. M. bovigenitalium-mastitis and genital tract infection. 5. M. dispar-pneumonia in cattle. 6. M. synoviae-synovitis in birds. 7. M. hyopneumoniae-enzooitic pneumonia in pigs. 8. M. hyorhinis-pneumonia in pigs. 9. M. hyosynoviae-arthritis in older pigs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gram - pleomorphic, non-flagellated. No cell wall. Oxidase -. Catalase -. Resistant to penicillin because of lack of cell wall. Smallest free living cells between viruses and bacterium. Grow on synthetic medium that contain serum and yeast cells. Colonies minute and grow into agar. Fried egg appearance. |
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